Ngokuphathelele ulwandle lusuka kwinqanaba lezesayensi

Ngamhla, ngamnye umntwana uqala ukususela kwiintsuku zakhe zokuqala uyazi ukuba ulwandle luni. Sonke sithwala abantwana ukuba baphumle emanzini amanzi etyuwa, baphefumle umoya ogcwele ion iodine, kwaye konke lokhu ngenxa yokuphulukisa, ukuqiniswa kwe-immunity kunye nokuzonwabisa. Kodwa ekubeni abantwana bangena esikolweni, kwaye kwiprogram yabo kukho izifundo kwi-geography, ulwandle aluyindawo nje yokuchitha iiholide, kodwa kunye nesihloko esithile esifanele sifunde kwaye sinikezelwe. Uluphi ulwandle olusuka kwinqanaba lezesayensi, yintoni ebonakalayo kwaye yintoni eyahlukileyo kwamanye amatye emithamo yamanzi kunye nezitya, siya kuqwalasela kwangoku.

Ukutolika kwekota eliphambili

Ulwandle luyinxenye ehlukeneyo yolwandle lonke. Njengomthetho, la manzi ayahlukana ngoluleko olukhethekileyo, oluphantsi kobunzima bawo, okanye umhlaba. Kwakhona ubuphawu nokuba nayiphi na ulwandle, nokuba luya kungena elwandle, luphila ubomi balo. Ngaphezulu kwayo, imeko yemozulu ayinamandla kwaye ibukhali njengentla ngasentla.

Ngokufanayo, izinto zikhula ngaphantsi kwamanzi - ubomi bunokulinganiswa, ukuzola, akukho zitshintsho ezibukhali ezibandayo kunye nemifudumala efudumeleyo, iindawo ezinzulu kunye nezikhukhula ezinkulu. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngaphezulu kuvaliwe umhlaba, i-fauna eyahlukeneyo iyabonwa kuyo. Emva koko, kuya kuba nengqiqo ukucinga ukuba i-whale sharks ayinakukwazi ukufikelela eLwandle lweCaspian ukusuka emanzini aseAtlantic.

Indlela yokuhlukanisa iilwandle emhlabeni

Ngengcamango ebanzi yintoni elwandle, sasiyicinga. Ngoku makhe sijonge iintlobo zamanqwanqwa anjalo ngamanzi. Okokuqala, ulwandle luvulekile kwaye luvaliwe. Kwimeko yokuqala, zidibene nezinye, izikhulu zamanzi amakhulu (ulwandle olukhulu okanye ulwandle). Ngokomzekelo, i-Azov inokufikelela kumnyama, okwesibini - ukuya kwiMeditera, kunye neyokugqibela-e- Atlantic Ocean. Kodwa i-Caspian Sea, e neneni, ilitye yeryuwa, kungabikho nxu lumene nolwakhiwo lwamanzi.

Imida yezilwandle ikwahluke ngokwezinto ezikhethiweyo ze-microclimate kunye nabemi kule ndawo okanye kuloo nxalenye yamanzi. Umzekelo, i- Aegean Sea ebalazweni inxalenye yeMeditera. Phakathi kwabo akukho mhlaba, akukho ukuphakama komhlaba, okanye uxinzelelo. Nangona kunjalo, intlanzi kunye nezilwanyana ezihlala emanzini ezi zilwandle ezimbini zihluke kakhulu.

Yintoni enye engayilwandle?

Ngokuqhelekileyo ulwandle lubizwa ngokuba yiindawo ezinkulu zee-ocean. Kweminye yabo, eqinisweni, i-strategum ehlukeneyo yeemeteorological kunye ne-hydrological isakhiwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngelixa ezinye zihlala ziyingxenye yolwandle lwayo. Ngokomzekelo, iGulf of Mexico ngabahlali abaninzi bamazwe azungezile kuthiwa ulwandle, ngelixa la manzi akukho nto ichazwe kwiAtlantiki.

Ekufuphi uLwandle lweCaribbean luhlukaniswe kuphela ziziqithi ukusuka kumanzi amakhulu, nangona i-microflora yayo ihluke kakhulu kubo. Ummelwane wale mijelo emibini yendalo nguLwandle lwaseSargasso, umda wakhe ufikelela phakathi kwe-Atlantic Ocean ekude. Nangona kunjalo, eli gama lisetyenzisiwe kuphela ngenxa yokuba lo mmandla ujikelezwe ukusuka kumacala athile ngamanqanaba amathathu.

Ulwandle olungaphaya kweplanethi yethu

Yaye ingqiqo yintoni elwandle, kwaye uyaziqonda iinkwenkwezi zeenkwenkwezi. Imimandla yocwaningo lwabo ihamba ngaphaya kwehlabathi. Njengomthetho, eli gama libhekisela kuzo zonke iintlobo zeengxowankulu, imikhosi emikhulu, edlalwa rhoqo ngenxa yokudibana kunye ne-asteroids, i-craters. Ukuba uqala ukufunda imephu yeNyanga okanye i-Mars, uya kufumana akukho "ulwandle" olulodwa olungenamanzi. Ngoko loo mihlaba emnyama ebusweni bemizimba ye-cosmic ibizwa ngokuba yiyiphi indlela ekukhumbuleni ngayo izilwanyana zethu zasemhlabeni. Mhlawumbi, ukuba kwakukho umoya kwiiplanethi, ezo zihogo zingagcwaliswa ngamanzi kwaye zilungele ngokupheleleyo amagama abo.

Apho ungakwazi ukuphumla khona

Iilwandle, ezidweliswe ngezantsi, zizona ziqhelanisiweyo ukuzonwabisa. Ngoko ke, ngamnye umntwana kufuneka azi indawo yawo, iimpawu kunye nesimo sezulu. Phakathi kwazo kuya kubakho iindawo ezinkulu, ezixhaphake kakhulu kunye nolwandle. Ngoko, lo Mnyama, i-Azov, iMeditera, iAegean, i-Adriatic, iLwephu, iCaribbean, i-Andaman, iiLwandle eziLwandle, i- Persian Gulf.