Konke malunga ne-Boeing 747. Okanye phantse yonke into ...

I- 747, ebonakalayo ngokulula ngombutho wayo, iyenzi-mveliso yophuhliso lomkhosi wama-1970. Ngelo xesha, urhulumente waseUnited States wayefuna inqwelo enkulu yokuthutha izithuthi, apho ithenda yaziswa. UBoing akazange afumane umyalelo wemikhosi, kodwa wayenomuvo wokuthi i-aircraft enkulu yokuthutha izithuthi yayiya kufunwa kwimarike yokuthutha emoyeni.

Ngoko kukho ukuphuhliswa kwe-Boeing 747 iJambo Jet, ephindwe kabini inkulu njengesiza esikhulu kunalo xesha. Inqwelo nganye yolu qulunqo yayixabisa malunga ne-16.8 yezigidigidi zeedola (1966), ngoko inkampani yayifuna umthengi omkhulu, owaba yinkampani yePan American. Walalela iiplani ezingama-25 zezi mveliso zizonke ezingama-525 yezigidi.

Ngowe-1969, i-Boeing 747-100 yaqala ukuqala kwi-Paris Air Show, kwaye kwiinyanga ezintandathu zokuqala zika-1970 iPan Amenique ithathele ezi ntluphelo zokuqala kwii-London-New York.

Ukususela ngoko, i-Boeing ivelise iindiza ezahlukeneyo, iinguqulelo zokugibela ezihlukeneyo. Okokuqala, imodeli ye-747-100V yenziwe, kunye nenani elikhulu lokuthabatha. Emva koko abasebenzisi baseJapan bakhupha i-747SR, eyayijoliswe kwienqwelo ezimfutshane kunye neendlela zokuhamba kwabahamba. Ngeenqwelo ezide, i-SP ye-Boeing 747 yajoliswa. Ngelo xesha, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba imodeli yasekuqaleni ye-747-100 yaguqulwa kwi-Civil Reserve - kwiinqwelo-moya ezi-19 zolu chungechunge, utshintsho lwenziwe lwenza ukuba kwenzeke ukuba inqwelo yeenqwelo zithuthi zihambe kwisithuthi ezimbini iintsuku.

Namhlanje, ii-aircrafts ezinjenge-747-200 zindiza kumazwe ahlukeneyo nakwiizwekazi, ezinokuthutha malunga nabakhweli abangama-450 ngexesha elide ukuya kwi-12.7 lamawaka km, ukuphakama ubude obude be-13.7 km. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukuba uqaphele ukuhluka kwayo - iBoeing 747-300 kunye nekhabini elongeziweyo labagibeli, okuvumela ukuba kubekho abantu abangaphezu kwama-660.

Inqanawa yezothutho ye-Boeing 747 ithatha inxaxheba ekuthuthweni kwabantu abemi kunye nabasemkhosini. Ngo-1990-1991, ezi zitampu zazibandakanyeka ekutshintsheni amabutho aseMerika ukuya e-Iraq (malunga nama-640 amajoni amawaka ayethunyelwa). Kwisiseko sokuvelisa iBoing neCloheed, imodeli yeYal-1A, ethwele i- laser yokulwa ebhodini ukutshabalalisa iinqwelo zeentshaba, zaphuhliswa. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-747-100 - 747-123, ezithwala i-shuttle kwi-"back" (iindwendwe ezilishumi elinesithathu zenziwe nge-shuttle "ishishini").

Ukungaphumeleli kwendiza kulolu chungechunge kubandakanya ukuba kwiminyaka yokuqala yeenqwelo zabo zeenqwelo-moya abazange bahlangabezane neendlela zokuhamba, ngelixa bexeshanye ngokukhulula ekufumaneni inani elikhulu leenqwelo. Ngokomzekelo, isikhumulo sezindiza saseParis uCharles de Gaulle sinzima "siqhutywe" abagibeli beza ku-2-3 Boeing, kuba inani labo lilonke lalingama-700-1000 abantu ngexesha elifutshane.

Ukongezelela, ukuphazamiseka kwezithuthi ezinjalo kubangele inani elikhulu lexhoba. Ngowe-1996, iinqanawa ezimbini zokuhamba ngeenqwelo zakwa-India-747 kunye ne-IL-76. Le ngozi yabulala abantu abangaphezu kwama-350. Yaye xa i-747 (206B kunye no-121) yaphahlazeka ngo-1977, abantu ababalelwa ku-580 bafa.