Kutheni ehlise ixabiso yeoli? kwamaxabiso e-oli World

Iingcali ezininzi kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo zange ayeke ukuba azibuze ukuba kuxa kutheni iwela kwamaxabiso e-oli kunye ixesha elide kangakanani tsala "bearish" abavakalelwa ngayo. Kule minyaka mihlanu idlulileyo 4 wawa emhlabeni wabhalwa orhwebo lwe-oyile. "Bear" umjikelo liphindwe izihlandlo ezili-14, yaye oku ukusukela 2000. Ngaphandle kozinzo imeko, ixabiso umphanda usoloko ngokukhuselekileyo emva yokuqala.

Ezinkulu-scale ukuhla kwamaxabiso oyile kwinkulungwane 21

Ukuwa jikelele kwamaxabiso oyile kwimbali ubukho imarike wakwazi ukulandelela imbali WITI ucaphulo, leyo, ukususela ngo-2011, indawo amafutha kwibakala Brent. Kukho kuphela ezintlanu:

1. 2001. Ngu ngoJanuwari 19, 2001 amaxabiso ngeoli 32.2 zeerandi. NgoNovemba 5, 2001 ixabiso lehla laya 17.5 zeerandi. Kuba iinyanga 10 ixabiso umphanda wancipha ngama-48,5 ekhulwini.

2. 2006. July 14, 2006 ixabiso ngamnye Umphanda yeoli yaba 77 zeerandi. Ngomhla we-18 Januwari kunyaka olandelayo, ixabiso yayokufika kwizinga lomyinge we 50.5 zeerandi. Ixabiso lehle ka-34,5% sabhalwa iinyanga ezi-6.

3. Summer 2008. Ngowe-2008, ngoJulayi 3, ixabiso umphanda wayelingana 145.3 eerandi. Emva kweenyanga 2.5, oko kukuthi nge-16 Septemba yabhalwa kanye ezantsi index - ukuya 91.2 zeerandi.

4. Autumn 2008. Ngo-22 Septemba, emva kokuwa kutshanje yeoli banduluka ukubuyela kumgangatho 120.9 zeerandi yaye ngoDisemba 19 ukubanjwa kwenzeke ngexabiso 33.9 zeerandi. Kwiinyanga nje ezintathu nendleko Umphanda oyile siwile kwi-71.9%.

5. Spring 2011. Aprili 29, 2011 ixabiso bafikelela 113, 93 zeerandi umphanda nganye. Kodwa ngo-Oktobha 4 kwitshati imihla sele urekhode elisezantsi elitsha kwi $ 75.67. Ukuwa lwathatha iinyanga ezi-5, ixabiso lehle nge-33,58%.

Kutheni ehlise amaxabiso e-oli kunye nendlela imeko ngo-2015?

Ioli sisiseko zonke izibonelelo eneji, eyakhiwe phantse yonke impucuko. ngqondweni uluntu mihla akunakwenzeka ngaphandle ipetroli, iparafini kunye diesel. Kungenxa yoko le nto umbuzo kutheni ixabiso eziwa yeoli, hayi ikhathazekile kancinci malunga zophengululo zoqoqosho kuphela, kodwa inkoliso yabantu ehlabathini. Imeko unomdla phantse kuzo zonke yingcali kulo mbandela.

ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ihlawulwe amaxabiso oyile abemi Russia. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukuwa kwamaxabiso epetroli kuye kwakhokelela ekubeni kubekho ukwehla engange. I dollar likhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye imali engange sele nje inciphisiwe. Abantu bayayeka ukugcina imali yabo. Bayakuvumela imali yokuthenga izixhobo zombane zasekhaya okanye kukuphuculwa kweemeko zabo zokuphila, okanye amatyala yatshintshelwa amazwe ngeqondo kakuhle ayikho.

Nangona uqikelelo kunyaka ophelileyo, amaxabiso e-oli namhlanje bawayo. 2014 yaphela enye ukwehliswa kwamaxabiso komgqomo. Utyekelo Ukuguqulwa elide-elindelwe lube khona, le meko akukacaci.

Ukuhlaziywa shazi

Amaxabiso e-oli ehlabathini Brent (brand yenye yezona kwafunwa emva, yi ukuhanjiswa ixabiso layo kwenza uhlahlelo olupheleleyo emarikeni) ngoJanuwari-Februwari 2014 bema kwi-107 zeerandi umphanda nganye. Ekuqaleni Oktobha ukuya kuthenga omnye Umphanda oyile ingaba nje $ 90. Oku kubangela ukuba ukwesaba kumazwe apho umsebenzi yezoqoqosho isekelwe phezu kwamanye amazwe amandla. Kule meko ixabiso ayenziwanga yazinza, yaye ngo Disemba 11 itshati ngexabiso apeyintwe entsha ephantsi - iirandi 64. Namhlanje, abathengi bakulungele ukunika kuba fuel hayi ngaphezulu kwe 59,5 eerandi. Kubonakala imeko umdla kakhulu. Imfuno zamafutha ngokucwangcisiweyo wande, ixabiso uwe.

Izizathu ukuwa kwamaxabiso ehlabathini - nkqubo OPEC

A impendulo ecacileyo lo mbuzo: "Kutheni na iwela ixabiso yeoli?" yingxaki. Le meko iye eveliswa ngokuthelekisa ngexesha elifanayo eziliqela, leyo, ngokutsho abahlalutyi zoqoqosho esele idaliwe enziwe.

Ngokuphawulekayo zatshintsha amaxabiso oli Umphanda ngamnye ngenxa yokuba lo mgaqo-nkqubo ithi - amalungu OPEC. Isixa oyile wavelisa nganye liyakhula. Ngo-Agasti 2014 yenziwa irekhodi. Umthamo we-oli ekrwada yaba imiphanda million 30.5 ngosuku. Kwezi nyanga zidlulileyo-5, eli nani uhlala kwinqanaba izinzile. Eku sunguleni, izinga yonke imihla kwimveliso ye-oyile wawuyi-30 million nemigqomo. Ukwanda umthamo imveliso million 0.5 ezintsonkothileyo kunye nezinye izinto kwaba nefuthe elibaluleke kakhulu ungqubano emarikeni.

Libya, Saudi Arabia kunye Kuwait: ukuchaphazeleka orhwebo lwe-oyile

Malunga ixabiso drop ezayo walumkisa Venezuela, Iran 4 ithi eziyinxalenye OPEC. Ngokutsho kweengcali, ukwanda kakhulu kwiindleko umphanda kunokwenzeka ngoxa kuncitshiswa umthamo kwimveliso amafutha yi imiphanda 415.000 kuphela. Ngenxa ukwala ukuncitshiswa imithamo yemveliso evela Saudi Arabia kunye Kuwait, le meko zimbi. Amazwi States izigqibo, njengoko Saudi Arabia oluhlasela i-300 yezigidi imiphanda ezongezelelweyo zeoli. Imeko yabenzi wobuyiselo Libya yezoqoqosho, nto leyo eye ekugqibeleni kuphuma kwimeko yemfazwe kwakhona zahlangana abadlali ku lawula orhwebo lwe-oyile.

US indima ukuyilwa kwamaxabiso orhwebo lwe-oyile

Ukuwa kwamaxabiso amafutha lubangelwe ngezenzo kwicala of America, njengoko kummandla walo kakhulu inani elikhulu iidipozithi yale bezimbiwa. Government of the State ukuze kuphetshwe nokunqongophala, wakhupha umyalelo sokuluvala ukuthunyelwa amafutha ekrwada. Okwangoku, i-US uye waba ngaphezu kweminyaka elishumi uhlala umboleki ephambili oli ehlabathini. izixa Huge zepetroli, awawuthengayo phezulu eli lizwe, zixhaswa yi iindleko zepetroli. Ixabiso oli umphanda wahlala kwinqanaba eliphezulu.

Ukunciphisa iindleko oli ekrwada ngoSeptemba 2014 kungqamane ukwanda kwemveliso kwamafutha eMelika. Izinga lemveliso ngemihla wema 8.7 nemigqomo. Ngokutsho umhlaziyi, kwiinyanga ezizayo ukwandisa ukuya kwizigidi 9.5 nemigqomo. Ngenxa yoko, amaxabiso e-oli abawayo, umsebenzisi ephambili ushiye enkundleni. Ngaphezu koko, ukufumana amakroba kuwiso-mthetho, iinkampani ezinkulu waqalisa kumazwe ioli yawo kwiimalike zehlabathi. Lo mqulu we-oli ekrwada wayengekho kweli lizwe ukususela 1987.

Oxwesileyo "hormone - ukusetyenziswa"

Ukuwa kwamaxabiso e-oyile yaba yintlungu wokwenene kuqoqosho karhulumente, abahlala ngeendleko kwamandla. amafutha Daily million 92 nemigqomo. Ngenxa yokunqongophala amafutha kwimarike yehlabathi, ixabiso kwakunzima phezulu. Ngokutsiba ebukhali kushishino lwezimbiwa ukuya kwinqanaba million 93,8 imiphanda kwakhokelela hormone. Isiphumo izicacele. Xa impahla ngaphezu abathengi, ixabiso kuncitshiswa ngokunciphisa imfuneko. Iza kuqhubeka de kwimveliso zepetroli, le meko iya ingapheli.

ukunyuka I dollar okuye kwakuchaphazela amaxabiso oli

Ukuhla kwamaxabiso amafutha ezichaphazelekayo ukunyuka elibukhali kwi dollar. Oku kubangelwa yinto yokuba ixabiso umphanda sibalwa ngqo kwi US lwemali. NguMbuso ngcembe kwaneliswe nemfuno kwixabiso orhwebo lwe-oyile uhlala static. Ukuba sicinga ukuba dollar esoloko itshintsha ngokunxulumene iimali zehlabathi, le meko ichazwe ngentla-emarikeni - oku kuvela kummandla liphupha. Ngenxa yoko, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso dollar kwenzeka ukuhla kwamaxabiso e-oyile, njengoko indlela ivumela dollar ukuthenga umthamo ngaphezulu isibaso. I dollar owayo iya kukhokelela ekwandeni kwamaxabiso e-oyile, njengoko Umphanda ngamnye kuya kufuneka ukuba uhlawule ngaphezulu kwe US lwemali. Amanye amazwe ukwala ukuthengisa ioli yabo eerandi. ukuthenga inkampani amafutha ukutshintsha imali, ebangela ukwanda konikezelo kudaleke kuwa kuye. Ngamanye amaxesha kuyenzeka ukuba amaxabiso oli ehlabathini kunye dollar liphuma ixabiso ngexesha elifanayo. Oku kungenxa yokuba le meko kufuneka sikhatshwe ukwehliswa kwinqanaba yengqesho eUnited States ukusebenza kakuhle kwezoqoqosho.