Iinkampani ezibandakanya kunye nendima yabo mthetho Russian

Igama elithi "amagatya" yowiso mthetho Russian abolekwe umthetho amazwe (ubukhulu becala Anglo-Saxon system), kwaye okokuqala Wabonakala amaxwebhu epapashwe ngo-1992. Ngelo xesha linye ingqiqo besisetyenziswe intsingiselo thile esahlukileyo kuneso phesheya. Ngokutsho Federal uMthetho 948-1, imicimbi yolawulo luthintelo umsebenzi monopolistic, amagatya - imibutho okanye abantu nabakwaziyo izenzo okanye kuya kuba nefuthe ngemisebenzi amashishini yorhwebo kunye noosomashishini ngamnye.

Ngenxa yoko, baya kuwa phantsi kwinkcazelo abantu lubalaseleyo ndixhomekeke. ukutolikwa Foreign efanayo lwekota amagatya sijongeka njengoku: umntu kuxhomekeke ukuthanda kunye nezenzo zabanye. Institute amaqela amanyeneyo badibana kumthetho olawula umsebenzi utyalo nexesha elongezelelweyo kwisithuba kubantu babucala ebonakalayo ekupheleni koo zenkulungwane lokugqibela. Kamva, la maxwebhu azisasebenzi, kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa yamalungu elide ufumene kuphuhliso ngokubanzi yomthetho wenkampani, kwakunye limited yaye ezongezelelweyo iinkampani liability.

La maxwebhu ulawulwa umyalelo okhethekileyo eminye imisebenzi ukuze uphephe ukunyhashwa umdla abanini lwenkunzi eenkampani. Ngoko ke, kukho nezithintelo kwemicimbi ethile, leyo nxaxheba bekhetha abantu nakwiikomiti, ukulahlwa okanye ukufumana lezabelo kwikomkhulu egunyazisiweyo, wahlawula ingqalelo uku-odola ukubhengezwa nokwakheka yamalungu. Luhlobo luni iimpawu ziye lwembali iinkampani nabantu? Ezi ziquka amalungu aphezulu umzimba ulawulo inkampani (bhodi yabalawuli, umzimba lonxibelelwano), kwakunye uMlawuli iNkampani (kwayo esilawulayo); ezi nkampani lwembali zifakiwe kwi qela linye; ukuhlanganiswa zokuqala iimpawu ezimbini - kwimeko yokungena kule nkampani ibe iqela elithile leenkampani ezizibandakanya ngokuphathelele loo mntu uya kukhonza namalungu amabhunga olawulo kunye nabalawuli nezinye iinkampani iqela; zomthetho okanye abantu abazeleyo igunya okulahla iipesenti ezingamashumi amabini okanye ngaphezulu izabelo eyinkunzi charter i somntu, okanye inani elifanayo kwizabelo zokuvota - likwayanyaniswa. Kunoko - nokuba iqumrhu yingxenye apho nkampani kwisibonda-20 ekhulwini elikomkhulu egunyazisiweyo okanye izabelo sokuvota inani elifanayo. ingqalelo ngakumbi banikwe sesikweni loo indlela ubuchule nempembelelo ngaphandle zolawulo corporate, ithetha - ukuba kunjalo xa iinkampani ezithile ezingamalungu okanye ngabanye, ukuba ukufihla inxaxheba owakhe isakhiwo umntu lweenkonzo ezingaziwayo kuyo umsebenzi volitional - intetho ngokuba "ukhuseleko" kunye nezinye kwingcinezelo. Mthetho 2000 wazama nokupapashwa uxwebhu eyahlukileyo phezu kwabo (ngumthetho federal) Noko ke, le projekthi iye yamkelwa kwi ukufunda yesibini kwi State Duma.

Namhlanje ingqikelelo iinkampani lwembali ngempumelelo isicelo ngexesha karhulumente kunye nezinye purchases ngokusekelwe iinkqubo lokhuphiswano umlinganiswa kawonke xa kuthengwa uxwebhu iqulathe iimfuneko kwi inadmissibility kwe kokungeniswa kwezindululo inxaxheba nokuthengwa yamalungu. Oku kuthintela entengo-nxaxheba yaye ikhuthaza ukungafihli kunye nokhuphiswano enobulungisa.