"Amaziko" Guy. iimpawu jikelele kunye nembali nasisihlo

komthetho wamaRoma ebesoloko kwaye nangoku sisiseko nomthetho yehlabathi. Izazinzulu abantu baseRoma yamandulo wenza igalelo elikhulu kuphuhliso kwicala lezingluntu. Kuyabonakala ukuba, abazange, ngoxa savages kwiindawo zokuhlala encinane phakathi iinduli ezintathu (ePalatine Hill, i Quirinal kunye Capitol), ukuba bakufumeneyo ingqwalasela ngokuthi kumawaka eminyaka yeeyunivesithi ihloniphekile adumileyo yehlabathi. Ukuveliswa amaRoma yamandulo ebizwa umthetho waseRoma. Kwinkqubo kokuphonononga le ndawo imbali yomthetho kukho ezininzi kwezi zihloko, efuna ingqalelo eneenkcukacha. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, amagqwetha bakwazi ukuchonga inkqubo yomthetho yamaRoma, kwakunye ukufumana ulwazi malunga nemithombo kushishino ekunene. Enye yezi imvelaphi imiyalelo abameli, ezo zibizwa ngokuba amaziko.

Le abenzi bemilingo yomthetho zabucala wamaRoma

Xa eminyaka I-III AD umthetho zabucala baseRoma ifikelele kwincopho zazivelela yayo. Eli thuba mbali abalaseleyo karhulumente kunye nomthetho njenge "Classic". Ngeli xesha, amagqwetha baseRoma akuzami nje ngokusemthethweni ezinye ngobuhlobo phakathi maleko ezahlukeneyo labemi, ukuba zikhutshwe iipateni, ukudala iingcamango, ceba iindlela ezintsha kuphuhliso nomthetho yamaRoma. Ithuba classical komthetho wamaRoma kwakhokelela ukuvela amacandelwana eziliqela kwale nzululwazi, ezizezi:

• UMthetho kaRhulumente.
• umthetho Private.
• Quirites Right.
• Ilungelo kwezizwe.
• Pretorskoe ilungelo.

Kule-macandelo sub ukudibanisa ezahlukeneyo imithetho zomthetho elawula ubudlelwane kwiinkalo ezahlukahlukeneyo zobomi yamaRoma. Kodwa ukuba kwakulungile, kwakukho abameli. Apha lo mbuzo ngulo: bevela kwaye ngubani (okanye yintoni) ukuba ilungiswe njani? Impendulo yokuba iziko Guy, inkcazelo jikelele yayo inikwe apha ngezantsi.

Yini wadala amaziko

Ngaphambi kokuba sithethe ngayo amaziko igqwetha waseRoma uGayo, kufuneka uqonde ukuba yintoni na ngokubanzi kula maziko. Eli gama libhekisela iseti yemithetho kunye nemimiselo efakwe ingqokelela enye into esetyenziswa kwinkqubo lokuqeqesha abangezotitshala abatsha zomthetho (eRoma yamandulo kungekho umahluko yamagqwetha, ngamnye kubo wakhokela umsebenzi ebonakalayo, ngamanye amazwi, le nkolelo phantse non-alukho). In uBukhosi baseRoma, BC I kwinkulungwane apho ikhona yintswela olomeleleyo phakathi amakhoboka kunye nabantu simahla. Imvukelo zenzeka lonke ixesha. Ngoko ke, ngaphambi kokuba kwavela ingxaki zomthetho: ukwanelisa iimfuno nongxowankulu abalawulayo kummandla wabo amalungelo obunini phezu amakhoboka, ngoxa waphula emv phakathi yoluntu olukhululekileyo. Babengenako ukuvumela ekuqaleni imfazwe yamakhaya phakathi kwabantu free. besenza umsebenzi wabo amagqwetha amaninzi abadumileyo zarekhodwa yapapashwa isikhokelo encinane, kakhulu sabaqalayo.

"Amaziko" Guy. iimpawu ngokubanzi

Kuyimfuneko ukuba ngoko nangoko enze isicelo, ukuba "Amaziko" Guy - ezintsha kwihlabathi kileyo ngelo xesha. Collection iquka zonke iimpawu eziyimfuneko, oko kwenziwe ngobulumko, ingcaciso, conciseness, kukho imizekelo yokusebenza egwebayo, ukuchaneka ingcaciso, ecacileyo nyulu Latin, nentabalala iinkcukacha zembali. Ngamanye amazwi, Gaevoi "Amaziko" baba iincwadi ezisisiseko abameli ukufunda komthetho wamaRoma. "Amaziko" Guy wakhonza njengesiseko ngale ncwadi zilandelayo ezaziwayo-kakuhle ezaba yinxalenye odumileyo Justinian ifundwe, - Corpus Juris civilis.

Ixabiso lika "iziko"

Xa inkqubo kokufunda lo mthombo kuyimfuneko ukuze uqonde ukuba yintoni iingenelo i "Amaziko" Guy. iimpawu ngokubanzi nenzululwazi osemthethweni yamandulo uluntu yamaRoma - oku kukwazi ukuba kufuneka abe khona engqondweni zonke ziingcali zomthetho. Olu lwazi kukuba isiseko luncedo leyo edale "incwadi yomthetho wamaRoma." Oko kwi "Amaziko" alondoloza imithetho ezibonisa umthetho wamaRoma isaqala zophuhliso. Guy zibuthelwe ndawonye imithetho eyayikho emva ngexesha doimpersky. Kakade ke, ilifa enjalo yokufunyaniswa umdla kakhulu.

Imithombo "iziko"

Akukho namnye isenzeko osemthethweni aliveli esithubeni, nkqu "Amaziko" Guy. Le mithombo yale meko khona iminyaka emininzi phambi Guy wagqiba ukwenza le kokufundisa. "Amaziko 'abe eninzi, kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo, ungakhetha imithombo, ezizezi:

• Imithetho iitafile XII - Fundamental umthombo wabo bonke komthetho wamaRoma luphela.

• consuls siseko.
• Lwemithetho kunye nemimiselo woomantyi.
• Iingxelo engokuqhutywa kokumangalelana civil, imisebenzi eyenziwayo amagqwetha.

"Amaziko" Guy, inkcazelo jikelele apho ezinikelwe ngentla, kufuneka isakhiwo zangaphakathi zazo. Imiyalelo thethe esemthethweni ziincwadi ezine, iyileyo zithathwa ulawulo eyahlukileyo komthetho kunye namanqaku.

isiphelo

Kweli nqaku siye sazama ukucacisa umbuzo wokuba yintoni le "Amaziko" Guy. iimpawu ngokubanzi kunye nesakhiwo zichaziwe kwinqaku ukuba uthanda ngale ezikhumbuzo abalondolozwa komthetho zabucala wamaRoma ngokucokisekileyo ngakumbi nangokupheleleyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuze adlulisele.