Lake Tengiz e Kazakhstan: iifoto, inkcazo

Kwi-solar Kazakhstan, kukho angaphezu kwamashumi amane amawaka amachibi. Kukho yakhiwe kunye namachibi ngaphezu kwama 4,000 eyenziwe ngumntu, ukuqokelela oovimba enkulu amanzi acocekileyo.

Umgangatho nomthamo wamanzi emachibini yahluka ngokuxhomekeka imimandla indalo: a imimandla emathafeni malunga amachibi 740, kwimimandla emathafeni - phezu 1870, isemi - 216, kwimimandla entlango - 142. Ummandla ogcweleyo komhlaba onke amanzi amachibi ifikelela ezingama-45 amawaka M.. ukusuka. I inkulu kubo - Zaisan, Alakol, Balkhash, kunye Sasykkol Seletyteniz. Phakathi kwazo kukho ichibi ekrakra-ezinetyuwa Tengiz, nto leyo eza kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku.

Uninzi amachibi yolula ukuba Turan kunye lweCaspian nezihlambo, amathafa eWest aseSiberia, kwiindawo weentaba wama-kumzantsi-mpuma karhulumente kunye kwiintaba eliphantsi Saryarka. Phantse bonke bephela elingakhuliyo, ngoko ziqulathe amanzi amtyuba. Xa amadama ezininzi imigodi ityuwa.

ichibi ezivaliweyo: indawo, ubukhulu

Kuyinto ichibi kummandla kaRhulumente Korgalzhin Reserve, yagula ziitectonic plates kumbindi zo-Arka (Uplands). E Lake Tengiz, nto leyo eye iziqithi ezininzi ezincinci, imilambo ingena Kulanutpes kunye Nura.

Ummandla dama yendalo 1590 square metres. khilomitha, kunye nobude ubude bayo ngu-75 km, ubunzulu ufikelela iindawo kwiimitha ezili-8 yaye ububanzi ngeekhilomitha ezingama-40.

incazelo

emazantsi Flat kwechibi, obeka elitshisiweyo esongiweyo abamnyama ezifanele ukusetyenziswa therapeutic. Amanzi anetyuwa.

Lake Tengiz e Kazakhstan mkhulu kakhulu, ubukhulu bayo izihlandlo ezithathu ezinkulu Lake Constance. Waterfront ezimbi ngakumbi. Sidla chibi amanzi ikakhulu snowmelt. Kwiminyaka lawona, omninzi chibi yome. NgoDisemba Tengiz ngumkhenkce, yaye ngo-Apreli wavula. Ukubunjwa kwamanzi iquka iityuwa (etyuwa kweli chibi ukusuka grams-3 ukuya 12.7 m³ nganye, kwaye Gulf - 18.2 grams m³ nganye).

Tengiz kubalulekile kuba okokuqala kwimbali kwenkqubo isithuba yiSoviet kuphumelele isithuba splashdown mission crew "Soyuz-23".

Le peculiarity kwechibi

Lake Tengiz yokuvelela kukuba yenye zokuhlala ezimbalwa emangalisayo iintaka iintsomi omhle - abantu ukuzalela yomntla behlabathi ngayo flamingos ezipinki.

Le iintaka balumke kakhulu ukuba ukhetha kwindlwane kunzima ukubeka abantu. Akumangalisi ke, bahlala kuyo kwiziqithi kwedike; ligcwale ezinye iinkalo uqweqwe yetyuwa. Kwangaxeshanye apha indlwane ukuya kilobases-14, yaye inani labantu ewonke besukelana 60,000.

Zihlala apha stork kakhulu kunqabile emnyama, irhanisi obomvu-breast , kunye weentaka zaselwandle. Xa emathafeni isibhakabhaka enkulu wafukama phezu edikeni amaxhalanga emathafeni abanekratshi. Kuphela akukho intlanzi apha.

ecosystem Total

Ukususela ngo-1968, uninzi kummandla kummandla okufuphi Lake Tengiz indawo ekhuselweyo kwaye iyinxenye Kurgaldzhino egciniweyo ukuzingela. Ngokubanzi, ichibi akuthandeki ukuba iintaka zasemanzini ohotopromyslovyh ezifana amadada namarhanisi, kodwa yindawo enkulu yokwakha ama, sandpipers kunye mantshontsho. Reedbeds kuhlala iintlobo ezininzi zasemanzini, kungekuphela nje xa zizalele, kodwa ngexesha Ukobuza (ekupheleni kwehlobo) kwaye ngethuba yasekwindla nemvula yasentwasahlobo yokufuduka.

Kule ndawo ikhethekileyo zendalo, izazinzulu ziye ekuthini iintlobo 50 ezanyisayo, iintlobo 318 zeentaka kunye neentlobo 340 zezityalo. Of izilwanyana inqaku ezithile ezifana kweengcuka kunye antelopes emathafeni. Kwiziqithi emininzi undrained Lake Tengiz njengendlu yentaka, ngaphandle flamingos ngasentla, yaye adweliswe kwi-Red encwadini lweDalmatia lengcwangube (ngababini kuphela 500). Emaqeleni ingafunyanwa crane Numidian.

Ukubaluleka egciniweyo

Nolondolozo lwendalo iye yaphuhliswa emhlabeni amachibi kubaluleke kakhulu nje kuphela Kazakhstan, kuba kwezi ndawo phambana iindlela ezinkulu ezimbini zifuduka ngeentaka - Siberian-South European Central Asia. Geographical (embindini kwelizwekazi yaseYurophu), indawo ekhethekileyo reserve kubaluleke kakhulu. Ubukho nkqubo ichibi enjalo kule ndawo (ndawo kunye nemozulu semi-owomileyo - emaqeleni and semi-intlango) kubaluleke kakhulu.

Khondo yokuchatshazelwa ngabantu ngohlobo kwezi ndawo sakugcina, ngoko ke le ndawo iye igcinwe look yaso yendalo yendalo. Namhlanje akukho Asikokubaxa izinto ukuthi kule ndawo ikhethekileyo fanele ngokupheleleyo uhlobo, leyo udale ubutyebi ezinjalo.

isiphelo

Lake Tengiz yinxalenye yembali njengeziko lokubhalela iziganeko ibaluleke kakhulu namhlanje. Kwixesha elizayo, Korgalzhyn Reserve kunyaka Kucetywa ukuba umthendeleko ebizwa ngokuba "Flamingo".

Lo mcimbi, leyo ijolise ukutsalela ingqalelo ulondolozo lweentlobo ezinqabileyo zeentaka, kwaye ixhasa i-Foundation for Preservation of Biodiversity of Kazakhstan kunye EIMRC (eYurophu Resources Natural Corporation) kuphela. Unique kwaye ezintle Kazakhstan indawo kunye namachibi amaninzi.