Leesynapse lombane kunye neempawu zazo

Leesynapse zakhetheka nabo esebenza; leyo zicwangciswe phakathi iiseli abawonwabeleyo. Bona maza nokutshintsha iziganeko ezahlukeneyo. Leesynapse kuvela ngokohlobo thickenings kwi eziphelweni luvo. Ngoncedo lwabo amaza luvo ukusasaza kwiiseli ummelwane. Umsebenzi ongundoqo synapse i transmission intercellular neemvakalelo-luvo.

Ucalulo nenkcazo emfutshane

Ngokutsho uhlobo pulses ekhoyo oxutywe, iikhemikhali kunye leesynapse zombane. Chemical uqhuba transmission uphawu kwicala elinye kwaye inyusa ngayo, kwakunye depolarize hyperpolarizes postsynaptic okanye kwinqanaba. Ngoncedo leesynapse kwemichiza kwandisa plasticity na umqondiso, oko kukuthi, umntu ukuphucula inkumbulo kunye nesantya sokufunda. Ukosuleleka sombane offline kobuchopho kokulibazisa, kwaye uphawu yenziwa ngeendlela ezimbini. transmission ukubetha izimele ukusuka imiphumo ndizayo presynaptic. Ukongeza, leesynapse zombane abanganyangekiyo kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi, kwakunye nefuthe kwezinye ekhemesti. uhlobo leesynapse mixed abe phawu omnye. Bona eyayingqalene iikhemikhali kunye uphawu zombane.

Yintoni synapse yombane?

leesynapse Electrical - ke ukubunjwa intercellular apho eqinisekisa ukudluliselwa ubume excitation. Le nkqubo lwenzeka ngenxa inkangeleko umsinga yombane phakathi kwamasebe amabini presynaptic kunye postsynaptic. Inkqubo ukoyika ezingenamqolo kukho inani elikhulu leesynapse zombane, ngoxa ezanyisayo ukuba phantse apho. Kunye ne leesynapse zombane zixhaphakile kakhulu phakathi izilwanyana ngaphezulu. Ngokubanzi, bona intliziyo, isibindi, izihlunu, kwakunye kwi epithelium kunye inyama glandular. emqhokrweni zobuchopho e leesynapse lombane ayemxinwa kakhulu kwemichiza. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kule hlobo synapse yinto yokuba phakathi inwebu phambi postsynaptic inaye ibhulorho zeprotheyini neemolekyuli.

Kubalulekile uhlobo lomsebenzi leesynapse umbane

Iimpawu leesynapse zombane yile ilandelayo:

• amanyathelo ngokukhawuleza (kakhulu umsebenzi ophezulu kwemichiza uhlobo leesynapse);
• imiphumela baphela umkhondo (summation of pulses ngalinye neze);
• transmission enokuthenjwa excitation;
• ductility eliphezulu;
• ukudlulisela enye nangapha.

Iimpawu lwesakhiwo

Ubume ngogesi iqala kunye ndizayo postsynaptic. Elilandelayo emqhokrweni emxinwa zobuchopho, equka tubules ezinqamlezayo owakhiwa ngayo iimolekyuli protein. Ngaphaya noqhoqhoqho lilapha ndizayo presynaptic. Xa eliphakathi okwilitye omise zobuchopho. Lume isiphelo zobuchopho - isiqalelo sokugqibela isakhiwo synapse yombane. Ngenxa yobukho protein iimolekyuli amajelo phakathi kwiiseli yaphambi kunye postsynaptic, unako ezingaphiliyo kunye molekyuli lincinci bayakwazi ukuba ukususela kwiseli enye ukuya kwenye. synapse onjalo ukumelana zombane ephantsi kakhulu. Phantsi kwezi meko, ukuba ngoku isicelo iiseli presynaptic postsynaptic kwaye phantse kucinywa.

iipropati ezithile elisebenza

Xa leesynapse zombane, kukho eziliqela iimpawu ezizodwa ezisebenzayo. ukulibaziseka zobuchopho phantse namnye. Angxamele engena terminal presynaptic, ize ke inkqubo iqale isakhono ngoko nangoko postsynaptic. Isithuba phakathi kwezi zenzo engekhoyo. leesynapse Electrical zinika inkqubo yokudlulisela kuphela - of excitation. Kule hlobo synapse ubambe amabini nangona ngenxa iimpawu ukuqhutywa stereometric kwicala elinye ngokufanelekileyo. izinto ezahlukahlukeneyo (amayeza, thermal, njl) kufuneka phantse nafuthe leesynapse yohlobo yombane.

Njani na imincili kwi leesynapse zombane? Le nkqubo amanyathelo

endle Ukuqhuba (PD) - lo ngumsebenzi obalulekileyo nothabatha synapse zombane. Indlela yale nkqubo uyafana PDP kwi leesynapse e luvo. Xa excitation sokuyivula ukuziphatha inyathelo uphuhliso, eyothusayo intlawulo iqala ndizayo presynaptic. Ngenxa yoko, umsinga wombane, ethi ichaphazele inwebu postsynaptic, li yaye uyawafikisa ukwenza PD. Uhanjiso of excitation kwi synapse lombane yinkqubo entsonkothileyo komzimba ukuba kwenzeka ngokwamanqanaba eziliqela. inwebu Presynaptic enze inguqu ubume yombane ukuya acid, okuya epleyitini postsynaptic kwakhona iimfundiso zakhe uphawu zombane.

Ezinye iziphene leesynapse zombane

Ngaphandle kokuba leesynapse zombane ukuphumeza inkqubo olude ezilula transfer excitation, banalo iziphene ezinkulu. Kwaye ukuba ityala nemvukelo izenzo zabo. Ukuba nokwenzeka transfer ngqo ezikude iiseli yimincili apho. iiseli phambi postsynaptic oxhulumene leesynapse uhlobo yombane, ukuba nihlale excitation efanayo. elekhtrons ukubonakala engenakwenzeka. Ngenxa yazo zonke iziphene ngasentla ebuchotsheni usana ayikho into eninzi leesynapse zombane, ukanti abadala abaliqela kwi retina iliso, isiqu ingqondo kunye neengcambu i-apparatus vestibular.

A efanayo, kodwa ngokohlobo indlela zophendlo lwezifo ze excitation usisiphumo izifo enxulumene ne angakwazi kwimida Umzobo wesi. Ngenxa yoko, inkqubo excitation "siphinda-" ukusuka komnye ukuya komnye Umzobo wesi, nto leyo enokukhokelela kuyabuya zobuxoki. Umzekelo, ukubonakala kuyabuya yentlungu, nangona ukushiywa receptors intlungu yoluvo kunokwenzeka ngenxa "galo" excitation.