Loo Iingwamza ukudla? Kanti nengwamza yenkukhu: iintlobo, inkcazelo, iifoto, indawo

Stork - intaka enkulu ubukeka mihle, kwaye isetyenziswa brand fashion abaninzi iingqokelela zabo iimpahla kunye nezincedisi. Kodwa ukuba ungabona rhoqo, iintlobo ezithile ezinjengengwamza bade kuluhlu njengoko sengozini enyanisweni phezu iilokhwe kunye neebhegi ezi ntaka. Ngokukhawuleza kokuhla kwenani labenzi ezinjengengwamza abamnyama (Ciconia nigra), i-East Far (Ciconia boyciana) bengashiyanga kancinane.

Kanti nengwamza yentsapho kweentlobo 17 kwisizukulwana 9, iintaka kwahluka intamo ende nobumbejembeje, iqumrhu elikhulu, nemilenze emide kunye palama neoperennymi kunye ngomlomo elibukhali. Kuneentlobo ngeentlobo ezi ntaka kwahluka enye kwenye imbonakalo. Oko Iingwamza ukudla, apho bahlale, indlela yokukhulisa abantwana? Zeziphi iintlobo eziphambili zezi ntaka usenalo ithuba ukuhlangabezana? Zonke ezi mibuzo uza kufumana iimpendulo kwinqaku.

omhlophe

igama Latin - Ciconia ciconia. Olu hlobo ingafunyanwa kwi noboya njengekhephu-ezimhlophe kunye amacebo iphiko emnyama. Ngenxa umbala owahlukileyo (imilenze kunye neentaka ngomlomo eliqaqambileyo obomvu), emhlophe yaba Ndithelekelele amaciko ezininzi Asia, umfanekiso wakhe ufumaneka ngesiTshayina kunye peyinta Japanese , kunye nemifanekiso ka milenge. intaka abadala uyalinganisa umlinganiselo kg 4, iimazi - ngaphantsi kancinane. Wings omhlophe ukufikelela iisentimitha-60 ubude. Kuye kwenziwa iinzame ukuba bawele nengwamza amhlophe namnyama, kodwa akubangakho nto kuwo, njengoko amasiko abo ukusukelwa zahluke kakhulu. ezinjengengwamza White oyedwa.

njengonocofu

igama Latin - Ciconia nigra. Abameli olu hlobo lo uncitshiswe kancinane iingwamza ezimhlophe ubukhulu: bahlole umlinganiselo we-3 kg, namaphiko azo musa ukudlula iisentimitha 55 ubude. Umbala iintaka Kudla ngokungabikho nyulu emnyama, kodwa Tint eluhlaza okanye ebomvu. Red bebala ngomlomo, imilenze, intamo kunye inwebu emehlweni. Umnqe nengwamza omnyama, ifoto ekubonisa abamhlophe asezantsi. Eyona uphawu ezinjengengwamza black nomfazi: ukuba akhethe iqabane ubomi.

Nengwamza-nengabangaba

igama Latin - Anastomus. Yinto uhlobo igama eliqhelekileyo, iphathwa Afrika Openbill, Asian Openbill. Umahluko omkhulu zangaphandle - umlomo enkulu, nto leyo ivaliwe ngokupheleleyo, kukho kusoloko kukho isikhewu encinane. Kungenxa yoko le ntaka got igama layo.

Brazilian Yabiru

igama Latin - Jabiru mycteria. Le ntaka chopho enkulu ukuya kwiimitha ezili-2.5. Incam umlomo nengwamza elide unalo begoba kancinci phezulu. umzimba aseBrazil yabiru zaveza emhlophe, kunye nentloko, intamo kunye ngomlomo - oluhlaza namnyama. Abasetyhini zahluka amadoda yellow iliso umbala. photos stork entanyeni apho ubona ngezantsi, emazantsi libe nombala obomvu-orenji.

marabou

igama Latin - Leptoptilos. Yinto uhlobo igama eliqhelekileyo, iphathwa Isi-Javanese, Afrika, wempi enkulu. Njengoko yabiru waseBrazil, ezi iingwamza elikhulu, kunye nentloko enkulu kunye ngomlomo enkulu. Nkqu iintaka iintaka omdala kakhulu ezifana amadada elibi ngaphezu kwi weentaka ezintle. Wings ubude ukuya kwi-70 cm, nezinobunzima-5 kg zeenkukhu. Xa marabou unalo igama sikweni - "mkhosi" wafumana ukuba iqinelwa njengoko emkhosini. Xa intloko ntaka akukho feathering, njengoko apha uhlobo ezayo entanyeni, inceda ukugcina umlomo enzima. Umsila, emva namaphiko adyojwe grey emnyama okanye lube mnyama.

stork Oriental White

igama Latin - Ciconia boyciana. Libhekisela isengozini, eRashiya inani lwezi ntaka ayidluli amawaka amathathu. Iintaka, kwakunye ezinjengengwamza abamnyama nabamhlophe oyedwa. Zifana iingwamza ezimhlophe, kodwa omkhulu ngakumbi, kodwa ngomlomo wabo laba mnyama. It has ezinye amagama: Chinese, nengwamza chernoklyuvy. Licebo inwebu le amehlo ukusuka iingwamza Far East zipeyintwe ebomvu. Kwanokupheliswa kwalo hlobo ibandakanya isohlwayo kuphela, kodwa entolongweni.

ezinjengengwamza Power

Owona isixhobo kuzingela kwi ezinjengengwamza - ngomlomo. Loo Iingwamza ukudla? Isiseko ukutya ukutya kwezilwanyana: lwezinambuzane ezincinane, molluscs, izinambuzane kunye eziphila ukuba ezincancisayo ezincinane. Uyakwazi badla ngokubona nengwamza liqwenga iinyoka kunye namasele. Kwingwamza, inkcazelo leyo thaca ingqalelo yakho kwinqaku iyakwazi ukubamba intaka encinane, mouse, umvundla okanye Gopher. Ezinjengengwamza ngokuqhelekileyo kade, kodwa ibe ingakumbi umdla ukugxotha ixhoba. Kukho iimeko xa ezi ntaka amade (5-10 km), umgama ukusuka kwindawo yokwakha ukuze sifumane ukutya okwaneleyo ukuba amantshontsho.

stork Ukutya wabaginya wonke, unako ukuba inani elikhulu labantwana babo. Ubume ezi ntaka kwakhona likuvumela ukuba kuziswe amanzi alo ngomlomo. Zokuzingela stork lula nako bazimilise njengotyani ejikelezileyo, ivenkile ngxi okanye ihamba kancinci. Izandi ezi ntaka phantse musa ukushicilela, ngoko akukho kutsala umdla kwemigodi. Ngamanye amaxesha sasemini Ingwamza ungakhetha amaqanda kwezinye iintaka.

Oko Iingwamza ukudla, kakade. Yhazi, kangakanani? Emva kokuba intaka into enkulu, kwaye njengokuba sele uyazi, ukutya ukuginya yonke. Kuba eqhelekileyo yokusebenza umzimba iingwamza abadala kufuneka umlinganiselo 700 grams ukutya ngosuku. Ezinjengengwamza - abazingeli kakhulu, kukho iimeko apho wabanjwa 50 yeempuku iyure enye.

sokuphila

Zingaphi ezinjengengwamza lophila na lona? Phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo, iintaka enziweyo ungaphila ixesha elingaphezu kwekhulu kwekota. Zingaphi iingwamza bahlala zasendle? A ndlovu ezinqabileyo ubomi ukuya kwiminyaka eli-15. Ukuthintela ubomi elide imiba ezinjengengwamza ezifana iimeko zokusingqongileyo, ukhetho yendalo, izifo, ukungabikho kokutya, umonakalo owenzeke abantu eziyingozi. Maxa wambi amalungu entsapho ngokwabo ukunciphisa ixesha lokuphila yabazalwana babo, iintaka abagulayo oludlekayo kude. Oku waphawula ukuba iingwamza elide abahlala apho amandla yi-HIV, apho kungekho isiqalekiso inani labantu, apho kukho uxolo nenzolo.

sasebusika ezinjengengwamza

Stork - intaka yokwaluka, ngaphandle iintaka boMzantsi Afrika ezihlala kwindawo enye, akayi saphaphazela semka. Baya befuna indawo ebusika, apho liya kuba shushu ngokwaneleyo kwaye nokutya kuninzi. Endala kunye nabantu abatsha iingwamza zithunyelwa ukuba kudluliswe busika kulo imiphetho ezifudumeleyo ngamnye. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oku kwenzeka kwixesha ekupheleni kuka-Agasti ukuya ku-Oktobha. Perelet okwenzekayo ngexesha lasemini, iintaka zibhabha phezulu, ukuqondisa iingwamza yaseYurophu kunye Oriental ezahlukeneyo.

zokuhlala neentaka, okanye ukuya entshona iElbe, mayibhekiswe Iberia, uze emva koko siya i nge Gibraltar Afrika. Ngenxa yoko, iintaka ukuchitha ubusika eNtshona Afrika, kuloo ndawo phakathi eSahara intlango ndawo. Apha, ebusika kunye yaseYurophu ezinjengengwamza kunye neentaka weIberia Peninsula, kwaye ukusuka Morocco, Tunisia kunye Algeria.

Iintaka yokwakha iindawo, okanye ngasempumalanga iElbe, yiya kuba ebusika ngobungakanani indawo ephakathi Sudan kunye noMzantsi Afrika. Zihlala kuqala Bosphorus, ngoko niwele emazweni Asia Minor nasePalestina, zibhabha phezu uMlambo umNayile, phambi kokuba afikelele kuyo. Of pack nahlala emazantsi Arabia, inxalenye ukhetha ubusika Ethiopia, abanye baqhubeka nohambo lwabo olude, abanye wentsinana India.

ezinjengengwamza ubusika ezahlukeneyo yaye ngokuxhomekeke iintlobo: white asinde ebusika eAfrika, Pakistan, India, Korea, iziqithi Japanese. Saharan Africa, kwi iGanges emlanjeni, xa inxalenye kumzantsi-mpuma China - Black.

malunga amantshontsho

Ngokufuthi, ekubekeni amaqanda ngaphezu hatching amantshontsho: amanye amaqanda ahlale unfertilized. Bafukanywe ithatha ukusuka kwiintsuku ezingama-30 ukuya 46.

aistyata amancinane abe nombono, kodwa kungenjalo athalala kwiintsuku zokuqala-70 yobomi. Amantshontsho amhlophe kwaye anoboya, emva hatching, malunga neentsuku ezili-10, yaye kwiiveki zokuqala 7 bezvylazno kwi kwazalelwa - kwindlwane. Kwanasemva kokuba phuphu oye wafunda ukubhabha, abazali kumnceda zikhangela ukutya iiveki 2-3.

Xa amantshontsho abo yindlwane nengwamza, ubunzima yabo ibe ngaphezu ubunzima abazali, kodwa ngokuthe ngcembe igunya lawo lilinganiselwe. Abagulayo, amantshontsho buthathaka yeengwamza aphoswe ngaphandle yentaka, kusale nje ukukwazi ukulwela ubomi bakhe. ekuvuthweni ngokwesini kuza eneminyaka seminyaka emithathu, iintaka baqala indlwane kamva - engama-6.

yokuhlala

Yintoni egqibayo ukuba yemvelo iingwamza? Intaka ukufumana ukutya ekunene ivame ababeke e imigxobhozo, nemiqolomba kumanzi namachibi amanzi amileyo. Imozulu for weNgwamza ekhethwayo yimvula, eliphakathi okanye ashushu. Marabou ukwakha iindlwane kwi imithi, abamnyama iingwamza bakhetha amahlathi, emhlophe - Arabha, yabiru - nemigxobhozo.

iingwamza ezimhlophe afumaneka eYurophu, North-West Afrika, kunye Central Asia Minor, kummandla Amur kunye Primorye, iziqithi Japanese. ezinjengengwamza Black ahlale emazantsi saseIberia Peninsula, apha ezantsi ukusa kwiPersian Gulf, emantla - eSt Petersburg, Tomsk. Ngokuba iindawo njengonocofu ezikhethwayo yokwakha - abo apho kukho amahlathi ubudala, imigxobhozo ivaleke. Le ntaka akayithandi ukuba ahlalisane nabantu.

iindlwane stork

Iindlwane ezi ntaka ziyathandwa eninzi isithuba: ubukhulu wabo kangangeemitha ezi-2, kunye ubunzima - 200 kg. Amaninzi, iintaka ukhethe uphahla lwezindlu okanye imithi, kodwa kukwakho iindawo ezingalindelekanga apho afunyanwa ezinjengengwamza iindlwane, ezifana sikagesi. Ngaphambili, xa zokuhlala zabantu zazakhiwe kophahla rhoqo, iingwamza bema apho. Okwangoku, iindlwane zazo zifumaneka kwi ezinde kwamanzi, watshisa izitha hay.

Izinto zokwakha endlwaneni: amasebe, amagqabi, iindiza, ingca, ilaphu, uboya, iphepha. UJack yokuhlala abazali kunye nabantu abadala ukuba amaqanda-7. Ngokufuthi iingwamza uhlale khona, apho kukho sele ikhaya nezalamane zabo. Njengomgaqo, iingwamza bahlala kwindlwane iminyaka, uyakhe ngenyameko, kuba ukulungisa njengoko kuyimfuneko.

Amabali iinyani ezinika umdla malunga ezinjengengwamza

Oko Iingwamza ukudla, kumiwa njani iindidi ezifanayo - oku sele uyazi. Xa ndiqukumbela, ndithanda ukunixelela kwezinye iintsomi iinyani ezinika umdla malunga ezi ntaka nanto. Ezinjengengwamza kumazwe amaninzi engcwele, ezifana Japan kwavalwa kuzingela kubo. EGrisi yamandulo, kwagqitywa ekubeni ukutshona ngamadolo zakhe phambi nengwamza yokuqala. On ezinjengengwamza yamabali amaninzi akunakuthethwa malunga ezithile swindzingiri.

Uhlobo kunazo zonke ingabizwa ezinjengengwamza abamnyama: ukuba ukhetha ukuhlala kangangoko kunokwenzeka ebantwini.

Legends

• Ilivo umdla sicacisa umbala obomvu ngeempumlo imilenze iingwamza. Kanye, uthi ilivo, uThixo wamnika umntu ibhegi ezele iinyoka, neencanda kunye nezinye izirhubuluzi. Umntu kwakufuneka balahle kubo: utshiswe, uphoseke elwandle, wangcwatywa, okanye nje kuyekwa zingabanjwanga, kodwa bathobele. Le isikhwama eyehlela ngaphandle ukwazi, kunye kubantu abaziinjubaqa - into ayesohlwaywa yenguqu yobomi intaka-idla ezahlukeneyo ububi. Owayesakuba indoda kudana ngenxa oko wakwenzayo, kuba iingwamza kunye namhlanje kwahluka iimpumlo ebomvu omzimba.
• ilejendi Ukrainian: ngenye imini ekhaya kunye neentsana ezimbini wenza Iingwamza indlwane. Kwabakho umlilo, kodwa abanikazi ayikho ekhaya, ngoko ke iingwamza bayithwala abantwana emlilweni, singeing kancinci iincam kwamaphiko. Ukususela ngoko, onke iingwamza elimnyama, kwaye kumlomo neenyawo - ebomvu.

anika umdla

• Marabou i utshaba kunye scavenger, ukuze kungabikho onke amalungu entsapho iingwamza badla amasele kunye amabhungane;
• Ezinjengengwamza abafane ukutshintsha rhoqo kwindlwane, kukho iimeko apho kukho iintsapho yeentaka babehlala yentaka enye iminyaka engaphezu 300;
• inkunzi engenaso choosy: ukuba udale i iperi kunye namabhinqa, waba ngowokuqala ukuba babuyele ekhaya labo (obhinqileyo);
• amaqanda hatching musa kuphela ababhinqileyo kodwa ezinjengengwamza eyindoda;
• AmaRoma yamandulo babekholelwa ukuba iingwamza, amantshontsho akhule ukondla abazali babo, kodwa oku akunjalo;
• ngoxa ezinjengengwamza flying ukuze ngokufutshane usiya kulala aphinde amandla, ngelixa ziqhubela phambili.

Iimpawu ezinxulumene ezinjengengwamza:

• uphawu German: ukuba intombazana ahlangane spring nengwamza ezimbini, kulo nyaka uza kuzisa umtshato wakhe, ukuba omnye - kodwa makahlale angatshati;
• uphawu lwe Morocco ezinjengengwamza ezibonwe kwisiqithi esikude abayaziyo indlela isicelo iintaka and vice versa;
• Moldovans bakholelwa le ntaka ufuzisela iwayini kunye lwediliya;
• Turkey wayekholelwa ukuba ndlu apho aluka indlwane ingwamza, ekhuselweyo umlilo umbane;
• ilejendi Polish uthi ezinjengengwamza ujikeleza esibhakabhakeni ngenxa yesizathu, kodwa banishing emafini;
• Armenia cinga ezinjengengwamza ngabaxumi kwezolimo.