Lynch - ntoni na? Kumahlokondiba kwi US

Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XIX Mayne Reid, lakhe "I ndiyakuthanda abamahashe" yeyona sichazwe isihlwele kubulawa yomtyholwa. Kubafundi waziva nosizi ixhoba ehexisayo kwinkundla ngaphandle uphando.

Kumahlokondiba kwenzeka kwamanye amazwe, kodwa kuphela eUnited States iye yazuza umlinganiswa abaninzi. Eli lizwe, ihlabathi bumisela umfanekiselo yentando yesininzi, buntlonirha ifihle amehlo akhe aze abuye intloko yakhe kude xa abemi balo babethwa, batyakatywa, waxhonywa waza watshiswa.

Lynch - ntoni na? Kutheni kunokwenzeka oku kwilizwe 'free "?

le nkcazelo

Abaphandi lo mba kuzisa iinkcazo ezimbini:

• Lynch sasekunene - iseti imithetho ekungathethwayo, leyo wabanika igunya kokutshatana. Wonke umntu ofuna ukwenza kokutshatana isigqibo enoba ifaneleke. Ngamanye amaxesha nokuba msulwa ecacileyo ilahla nako ukumisa hlokondiba.
• Kokutshatana - ngenkohlakalo ukohlwaywa ngokubethwa, ukungcungcuthekiswa okanye ukubulala umntu ngaphandle kophando kunye nokugwetywa ligosa lenkundla.

Ezinye izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba kokutshatana wayengekho yaseMerika njengeyabo. Le ubundlobongela esusiwe weza Yehlabathi Elitsha kwi iinqanawa IsiNgesi ngexesha elifanelekileyo yenyuka kuziqhusheka kumhlaba echumayo.

Galela hot tar enemvukelo Scot, iintsiba utsalo ukuqhuba phantsi ukupopoza amajoni - ubumnandi ixhaphakileyo IsiNgesi namanenekazi. Ngoko ke wasivuna ilungelo lokuba iinkosi kwilizwe yomnye umntu. Kwaye akukho namnye wanyamekela ukuba ixhoba "fun umnt 'itshabalele kane.

ngumba

Iingxaki ezininzi Bayingenisa American Civil War. Le States nezi ndawo Southern sisukela izinto ezahlukileyo. Okokuqala unxanele idemokhrasi, amalungelo oluntu, uphuhliso industrial weli lizwe. Abanini linye Southern akazange afune ukunikezela ubunini bomhlaba kunye nabantu, ukuba babelane iingeniso, ukuba ukuthobela imiyalelo yomnye umntu.

Isiphumo imfazwe yaba oLungisiweyo-13 ukuya kwi US siseko , bakhohlwa babesakuba ngamakhoboka abantu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le Negros. ezininzi zange ufuna ukumkhulula ngokupheleleyo. Bona zabandezwa yokuhlala, ukutya free, iimpahla, kwaye okona kubalulekileyo - umsebenzi ekhuselekileyo, leyo wabanika igunya lokuba ukuphumla.

Iminyaka emine, longquzulwano uqoqosho loMzantsi kaThixo waya ukwehla. Cities zitshatyalalisiwe, izityalo yanyathelwa, imiyezo utshiswe, imfuyo ebiweyo okanye zityiwe. Abahlali azizityebi azama ukufumana kude kwiintlungu imfazwe, abaninzi wafela edabini.

Bamkelwe, abangaphangeliyo, amahlwempu ayihlasela ifama zikhangela ukutya. Owayesakuba amakhoboka zimbongoza ukunika imisebenzi kwaye bakwazi ukunika yokuhlala kunye nokhuselo, kodwa abanini ngokwabo ukuba sisinda okusemandleni abo, kwaye imilomo ezongezelelweyo zaye awufunwa.

United kurhulumente omtsha akazange abe nanto yakwenza neemfuno zabemi free. Bathabatha isigqibo yemisebenzi ngaphezulu kwe Ummiselo isixhobo kowayesakuba amakhoboka.

Ukukhusela ubomi babo ababathandayo nokulondoloza iintsalela kulo propati, wabuya emfazweni, southerners wathabatha izinto ezandleni zabo. Kwakufuneka enye - ngokuqgibeleleyo kugweba Lynch. Yintoni na - Ukuzama ukuphucula inkqubo yobulungisa, ukunceda balihlambulule ilizwe ngamasela mixube okanye ukubulala enogonyamelo? Urhulumente wakhuthaza ngokufihlakeleyo ukuziphatha okunjalo.

siseko Fathers

Wabaseki kokutshatana American abamela abantu ababini kunye ifani efanayo Lynch.

Enye emkhosini waza wamisa entendelezweni wakhe ngexesha War of Independence ukuzama ukugcina ucwangco kulwa neentshaba kunye vugevenga. INkundla of Charles Lynch ngokukhawuleza, kodwa yayiyinzwakazi encamisileyo, kangangoko kunokwenzeka ngexesha lemfazwe. Ummangalelwa unelungelo lokuba baxabane umsulwa.

Okwesibini - ukusuka sokutyala emazantsi Vilyam Linch. isabelo sayo Wawa ukubuyisela ukuze emva kweMfazwe Civil. amaxhoba yakhe kuphela Negros. Amanye amakhoboka yangaphambili ngendlela yabo ukuqonda intsingiselo 'inkululeko "kunye ngxabano evulekileyo kunye abamhlophe. Kakhulu Baphamzela nje ngaphandle umsebenzi kunye ezingelwa ngokuphanga nobusela ezincinane.

Umba osisithintelo yaba kokutshatana. Yintoni na - kwabulawa labamsulwa okanye nokukhuselwa usapho kunye nempahla yakho? Ngoku, emva kwenkulungwane enesiqingatha, kunzima ukuqonda cala.

Nkolelo kunye wamela kumahlokondiba nangoku awukwazi ukufikelela ukuvumelana. Kunzima ukuqonda nokuvavanya kwimeko nganye. Le yangoku US inkqubo yenkundla ngelo xesha kwakunzima ukumelana ngokwabo kunye ulwaphulo-mthetho olugqugqisileyo nguzwilakhe.

abalandeli kokutshatana

Soqobo umsebenzi owaseka zooyise bafumene kungekuphela nje siyavumelana kukarhulumente nabemi, kodwa kubangele abalandeli. Ukususela ekupheleni XIX ukuya phakathi kwenkulungwane XX apha kwaye apho eUnited States kwakukho iqela labantu Simanywe mbono mnye. Eyona njongo iphambili yale mibutho - kugweba Lynch. Yintoni na - indlela yokuthetha, intiyo yobuhlanga okanye zokonwabisa namanenekazi ndidikwe?

Makhe zama ukuphendula le mibuzo kwi mzekelo amaqela sikhulu kakhulu-yaziwa kakuhle. Ngamnye kubo mbo imithetho ethile, sase isakhiwo sayo, ngungqondongqondo eceleni.

"Ku Klux Klan": isiseko

Iintshukumo ezinkulu ethethelela kokutshatana waba "Ku Klux Klan". Kuqaliswa fun, lo mbutho zishiya nomzila yegazi kakhulu kwimbali US.

Ngowe-1865, amagqala imfazwe phakathi babenqophisene, inzala amagama best of Tennessee bahlanganisana kwisakhiwo senkundla yasekuhlaleni ukuba intlanganiso leKrismesi. Ezintandathu amagosa yangaphambili kwimo lihlazo.

sakuphela yaseMelika Civil War. I no babesilwa imigaqo yabo, kodwa boyiswa yaye ngoku kubume ndihlazekile kutshutshiswa. Ngelo xesha, abo inkxaso izilangazelelo South, waba amalungelo ezimbalwa kukhululwa ebukhobokeni abantu abamnyama.

ngokonwaba yayizele iingxaki ekruqulayo zemihla ngemihla ekufuneka iqwalaselwe ukuze uqhubeke oko Sizibandakanye ookhokho babo kwilizwe labo lokuzalwa.

Ngubani kuqala sacinga ukuba alungiselele ukuba uluntu ofihlakeleyo, akwaziwa ukuba ezithile. Kodwa ingcamango yaphakanyiswa, kwaye ndagqobhoza ngezenzo eziphathekayo wambamba bafana. Ngoko kwakukho i "Abazalwana of the Golden Circle," nto leyo uqambe kungekudala "Clan of the Circle." Kuba imfihlelo zaqala ukuba nisebenzise esi shunqulelo KKK. Xa iileta ezintathu ncam yaba okunomnyinyivane imilingo.

"Ku Klux Klan" yixina iphunga ukukhunjuzwa amathambo. Ngoko nangoko kwabakho isindululo yokugubungela amahashe amalaphu amhlophe, kwaye banxibe iingubo kunye slits amehlo.

Lo mbutho wakhula, imidlalo fun yaphela. Amanye amalungu amatsha ekucetywa ukuba enze isigwebo. uluntu Secret ugqiba ukuba akhulule South evela feds abakhukhumeleyo kunye abamnyama unbelted.

Baqala kumahlokondiba ezininzi. Abantsundu ababexhonyiwe okanye itshiselwa ngaphandle kokuchitha, nangenxa abamhlophe kokusungulwa izithethe. Entanyeni umtyholwa yena bafakwa yomtya ukuze isisitheliso kwaye afunde zityholo. A Ukukhetha enkulu ixhoba ayivumelekanga. Okanye ukuvuma ityala yaye ukuhlangabezana neemfuno, okanye loop liqiniswe.

URhulumente uthathe unonophelo ekwahluleni "KKK" Abaseki, kodwa ukuba ayeke ngokupheleleyo intshutshiso abamnyama zange baphumelele.

Imvuselelo elandelayo "KKK"

Iliza yesibini "Ku Klux Klan" uvukile kwekhulu kwikota kamva. Ngokutsho American wahlasela a nokulatyuza kokutshatana, kwindima abagwebi kunye wabasiki amadoda CAPS zincopho zininzi kunye ezinde ezimhlophe.

Kule minyaka ilishumi yesibini kwinkulungwane XX, amalungu clan wayeka ukubulawa kwabantu. Ngoku basebenzisa ngeentsontelo kunye nentlaka evela iintsiba. Urhulumente isenzo sokumelana hlokondiba ubulungisa. Izinto wabalahla esendimbaneni, wasigweba emkhuza yoluntu, kodwa umthetho wokuvalwa kumahlokondiba, waye wamkelwa.

Kanye in America baqalisa ukulwela amalungelo abantu abamnyama okanye ezinye bambalwa, xa kukho abantu ubuso abamhlophe lavalwa waza waqalisa ukuvutha iminqamlezo.

Ngeminyaka, "KKK" wathi yokugqibela ngokwalo ngokusesikweni. Kodwa ngathi ngakumbi ukusetyenziswa iimpawu ukususa abezopolitiko ezingafunekiyo kunye nokhuphiswano loqoqosho.

Dzhona Bercha Society

Elinye iqela labantu ezifana-nye yokubuyiswa amasiko amaxabiso abangamaKristu. Neentshutshiso ijoliswe ngokuchasene norhulumente, amazwe Lungisa ithi, iingcamango zobuKomanisi.

Le nkampani ithathwa kakhulu zobuthathaka begazi lakho, kodwa kwangaxeshanye abaninzi. Ukususela ngowe-1958 ukuya 1961, inani lamalungu esemthethweni likhule ukusuka abantu abali-12 ukuya kwi-100 lamawaka.

Ne-ofisi kulo lonke elo lizwe, inkokheli ukuba zibambe ngexesha elinye kwizixeko ezahlukahlukeneyo nkqubo zibonisa izilingo wakhuza yoluntu, ifuna amatyala karhulumente.

Ekugqibeleni, bonke messed intloko yoluntu, uWelch, lowo ngelo xesha kwakukho iimbono paranoid ngehlabathi iyelenqe wamaKomanisi. Ukuzama ukususa uWelch ukusuka kulawulo ayiphumelelanga. Ngokuthe ngcembe umsebenzi yaba ngaphantsi yaye ngaphantsi uzipapashe, akukho ngokupheleleyo usiwe iipaseji amandla.

imithetho Dzhima Krou

Kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini okuqala eUnited States uthabathe inani ezenzo zomthetho ngokuphathelele ukwahlulwa kwabantu ngenxa yebala lesikhumba. Apha babebizwa "UJim Crow." Umntu lo gama wayengekho ngokoqobo. Yaba umlinganiswa wokubonelwa kakuhle ambathisiwe, abamnyama abangafundanga. Kamva, bonke abantu abamnyama baqala ukubizwa ngelo gama.

Lo mthetho unika abantu necebo ezahlukeneyo ibala imiphefumlo ngaxeshanye. Ahlukana aya kwiinkampu ngokobuhlanga, apho Negro kunye ngempazamo wandwendwela wabuyela apho akuvumelekile ukuba, ukuba balinde ukuba abulawe. Ulenga wayengomnye iindlela ezininzi emthethweni ukuze kuncedakale abantu.

Ngokuqhelekileyo phezu ixhoba elide intlekisa, wabethwa, ngamatye, itshiswe. Phantsi ukwabiwa nako ukufumana amalungu entsapho umtyholwa okanye abo nobuganga ukumsindisa okanye ukuba awangxengxezele.

Sagcina inkohlakalo kwekhulu phantse isiqingatha, lo gama urhulumente kwaye inkundla abazange baqaphele Dzhima Krou imithetho ezinxamnye-siseko US.

Urhulumente US kunye kokutshatana

Franklin Ruzvelt ngelo xesha wenqaba ukulwa ngokuphandle nxamnye kokutshatana, ngenxa yokoyika ukulahlekelwa iivoti.

Garri Trumen wachitha ixesha elininzi namandla kunye neminyaka lokuxelela baseMerika malunga ngeengozi kokutshatana. iinzame yaphela ukuqaphela ukuba lizwe "kungekhona ngoku."

Kubonakala kumahlokondiba eUnited States - yinto ngenxa yenkqubo yezomthetho kunye nezigwebo esimeni kunye connivance mthetho kurhulumente? ngenxa kaninzi kangakanani na urhwaphilizo ziijaji sigwetyelwe izaphuli-mthetho, wabafumana ngokwakhe elingenatyala esemkhumbini?

Kangangeenkulungwane, inkxaso iminqweno kunye sivumelane lezityebi. Njengomgaqo, bemka nayo: Lynch, imilo, athenge eNdlu yeeNgwevu kunye neejaji. Bacinge kukuba umntu kunye nemali akukho Imiqathango izenzo zakhe.

umthetho US ubonelela iintlobo ezithile isigwebo sentambo ngenxa zolwaphulo-mthetho namaqondo awohlukeneyo ubunzima, kodwa kwimbali nayiphi vigilante zange aphendule kunye ubomi bakhe ekufeni.

Amaxhoba kokutshatana kwi US

Amerika negama iminyaka engama-50 bakwazile Lynch ngabantu amawaka amathandathu. Kwamanye amazwe, ubundlobongela ngaphandle tyala yaba iziganeko zokuzonwabisa. Kwi isohlwayo beza iintsapho. Ubukho kwabantwana kunye nabasetyhini abakhulelweyo asizidini nabani.

Kwagqitywa ukuba postcards ngemiboniso ye kokutshatana. Imibuliso Ezo bathunyelwa Easter, iKrismesi, lokuzalwa. Phantsi kokutshatana akwazi ukufumana nayiphi: abamnyama, abamhlophe, yamaYuda, waseMexico. Kwenza akukho mahluko phakathi kwamadoda nabafazi abayi kuthathelwa ngqalelo nokuba lokukhulelwa. A lilungu amakomanisi okanye imibutho yabasebenzi badla kuxabisa ubomi.

Le lihlokondiba elalinomsindo watshabalalisa entolongweni, umlilo izindlu, weba amaxhoba akhe. Kwimeko nganye, abasemagunyeni baba namandla. Noko ke, ukusilela azo ukuba enze kungathathwa zokudlulela phambili cwaka izenzo vigilante.

Ndingathanda ukuba achaze mthetho ezithile ezimbini egregious. Kwenye komntu isilwanyana, kwaye enye, ndayihluthwa ngobomi umntu omsulwa.

kokutshatana animal

Ngenkulungwane yokuqala XX, nibulala umntu embalwa abantu bethanda bayamangaliswa. Life, ingakumbi abantsundu, ixabiso ezingabizi. Ngoko ke, isibakala wokwenza ubulungisa isilwanyana Lynch umdla ingqalelo.

Abemi eziBekekileyo of Tennessee. Isekisi qembu waya kuhambo, wasebenzisa elephant egumbini ogama kuMariya. Ngelo xesha wokungenela kwibala lwesilwanyana nawuphikisa ukuphathwa kakubi kwakhe. Yokwenzakala isekisi ngumsebenzi, nangona ezinye imithombo zithi ezazinomsindo elephant Bamnyathela abantu okuninzi.

Abaphulaphuli, inkoliso ukuba babulawe, le revolvers wadubula isilwanyana, ngaphezu nomsindo wakhe. Iindaba of the elephant-umbulali nangoko kulo mzi. Ukususela unothimba wafuna ukwenziwa ngoko nangoko, kodwa kungalinganiselwanga kokuqukunjelwa iseli kaMariya.

Abahlali kwiilali ezikufuphi bahlanganisana ilindele emehlweni funny. isihlwele ongalawulekiyo ngakumbi asha ngakumbi. abanikazi izisongelo isekisi ndihlanjwe. Abantu (okanye abantu abangendawo?) Ubusuku bonke ovuthayo eyayenzelwa afuna isohlwayo ngoko nangoko.

Kusasa elephant lilishwa exhonywe kwisakhiwo crane. Nokuba wenze njalo kuphela okwesibini. Igquba amawaka abantu bacula yangqungqa phambi kwabo ngokungathi ilenga akasiso isilwanyana, yaye izibane bokubengezela umthi weKrismesi.

Komntu ngephutha

Man ngexesha khona kwalo owasungula uhlobo olwahlukileyo lokufa. Abanye kusetyenziselwa ukwazi inyaniso, enye - ukuba ukugrogriswa kunye ngaphantsi. Ugonyamelo kakhulu emabi, omashini irhamncwa ogama mntu kokutshatana, ingakumbi xa ixhoba umsulwa.

umphathi Factory evela Georgia Leo uFrank wagwetywa intambo ngenxa ngokudlwengulwa kunye nokubulawa umntwana. Umtshutshisi eyakhelwe phezu ubungqina bomntu omnye.

Gov. thile le isohlwayo isohlwayo ngqwabalala kakhulu kwaye kwafakwa sobomi entolongweni. abahlali City zibangele ingcwangu isigqibo esinjalo. Isihlwele iyangena entolongweni, uFrank kwawona amapolisa babarhuqela ngalo mzi, wawuxhoma kufuphi ngamangcwaba amantombazana udlwengulwe.

Kwadlula iminyaka engama-70, yaye Lynch umoni waba lixhoba intlebendwane. Ndafumana omnye ubungqina, basaba yile umdlwenguli phantse ekufeni. Waba nesibindi ukuze sithethe inyaniso kwiminyaka eli-10 emva kokufa umbulali.

Leo uFrank ecaleni, yaye intsapho ifumene imbuyekezo, kodwa lo Mthetho ukuthethelela nayiphi abahlali, Kungekudala kuza kugwetywa, okanye abameli abasemagunyeni ezisemthethweni lowo ukuba kokutshatana.

Kutsha nje, iNdlu Yeengwevu US uye wavakalisa ukuzisola ngokunyanisekileyo ukuba uRhulumente aye wavuma izenzo kokutshatana kweli lizwe, waza wacela uxolo kumaxhoba kwaye wathembisa ukunqanda imidlalo efanayo enogonyamelo.

Mhlawumbi phambi kokuba ulwamkelo umthetho, zange ifike. Nditsho umongameli zaseAfrika-American bendingayi nobuganga into enjalo. Iyonke oovimba wegolide Fort Knox akwanelanga ukuba imbuyekezo inzala abantu babulawa kokutshatana.