Military 'Incirlik' isiseko e Turkey

Ekubeni yayikufuphi mabala ashushu amaninzi ezinokwenzeka zehlabathi - Iraq, Armenia kunye Iran - isiseko yomkhosi "Incirlik" eTurkey i NATO lamabutho ebalulekileyo mmandla osemazantsi. Sisebenza njengeziko ye eninzi xa imfazwe, izinto kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenziswa kwimisebenzi yokulwa.

indawo

"Incirlik" - ziko lomkhosi (ifoto ethathiweyo kamva kwinqaku), ibekwe 12 km empuma Adana, isixeko yesine ukuba likhulu Turkey elinabemi sabantu abangaphezulu kwesigidi esi-1 kunye nombindi kummandla osisityebi yezolimo. Malunga iyure nesiqingatha drive ukuya ngasentshona ke amalwandle ezintle iMeditera neehotele elungileyo. Adana ebumelwaneni zizityebi iziza zembali, ezo ukhenketho ngokufuthi guided.

ungquzulwano 1975

I-United States baqalisa ukwakha isiseko air entlakohlaza 1951 Februwari 21, 1955 kwathiwa igama ngokusesikweni "Adam." Phakathi ku-1975, Ankara ubhengeze ukuba zonke izibonelelo zomkhosi United States kweli lizwe ziza kuvalwa mazigqithiselwe kolawulo umkhosi Turkish. Oku kwenziwa kuphendulwa ezingalweni korhwebo ebekwe yi-US Congress ngomhla eTurkey ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo US ngexesha ayehlasela eSipro. Kuphela isiseko emkhosini "Incirlik" kunye isikhululo jukwini "Izmir" kwavuleka ngenxa inxaxheba kwabo NATO, kodwa zonke ezinye izinto hayi enxulumene Alliance, iye yayekwa. NgoSeptemba 1978, Congress waphakamisa ukukwaywa waza wayibuyisela uncedo yomkhosi eTurkey. umsebenzi oqhelekileyo uqalwe emva ngoMatshi 29, 1980, Washington kunye Ankara asayina isivumelwano zokhuselo kunye nentsebenziswano kwezoqoqosho.

"Incirlik" - isiseko yasemkhosini, umhlaba ophantsi umyalelo we-US Air Force eYurophu. Ingxaki zokufumana apha Wing 39 kukukhusela umdla eUnited States NATO kuloo mmandla osemazantsi, kokunikeza ehlangeneyo, phambili eziku Air Force.

Uvimba ngexesha mdibi ukuzama

I Icebo lika lokuzama e Turkey Julayi 15, 2016 kwakhokelela iingxaki ezingalindelekanga ukhuseleko lwesizwe ukuba eUnited States. Kuthiwa uphakamo kulogo ukuthandabuza ukuthembeka kogcino naweebhombu zehydrogen US, ezo kungokunje kwi Turkish Air Force Base. Ifunyanwa emzantsi-mpuma lizwe, isiseko emkhosini, "Incirlik" liye NATO yokugcina enkulu yenyukliya.

Hans M. Kristensen, umlawuli we-Nuclear loLwazi lweProjekthi Federation of American Scientists, uthi kukho malunga 50 hydrogen zibhombu B-61, ngaphezu ikota yonke imfuyo enyukliya NATO. Ezinye izixhobo B-61 eyahlula amandla okulawula isivuno yenyukliya. Ezabo lehla kwi Hiroshima, umzekelo, yaba umthamo kilotons 15 TNT. Power Ziyaqhubeka "Incirlik" ingahluka kilotons 0.3 ukuya 170, ngokuzenza isixhobo igagasi.

Inqanaba eliphezulu isoyikiso

I-US Umzi wommeli-lizwe e Ankara ekhutshwe "umyalezo olungxamisekileyo kubemi eUnited States", elumkisa ukuba Turkey baseKapa US ziko lomkhosi "Incirlik" yaye unikezelo yayo amandla ziguyiwe. Emi phezu moya akuvumelekile ukuba off, kunye nabasebenzi nje ukuba uthembele umbane backup. Le ngozi sele ifikelele umgangatho "Delta", tufwile liphezulu, nto leyo idla ibhengeze emva abagrogrisi okanye ukuba uhlaselo uthathwa sisemnyango.

umphathi Base Gen. Bekir Ercan van, amanye amagosa Turkish kunye alithoba ziye wavalelwa Incirlik ngezityholo ekuxhaseni mdibi. Iiflayithi liqale, kodwa umbane awukabuyi.

Ankara iye yavulwa "Incirlik 'ukuba ukuhlasela LIH ngaxeshanye isungula iphulo yayo umoya nxamnye Islamic State, kwakunye iqela PKK nokusungula. Emkhosini US Agasti 9, 2015 ingxelo ukuthi umkhankaso Turkish indiza Fighters F-16, njengoko uqhankqalazo umoya lo mfelandawonye ngokuchasene LIH e-Iraq kunye Syria waqhubeka.

Turkish ziko lomkhosi "Incirlik" ubude moya esisiseko ye-3 km kunye Reserve 2.7 km elide nge 57 zokufihla moya lukhuni. Lusetyenziswa izinto reserve iziko lokugcina yokhuseleko yengingqi ukuze imisebenzi yokulwa.

abasebenzi

De September 11, 2001 abasebenzi isiseko wawuquka 1,400 amalungu US Air Force, ngaphezu kwama-670 abakhonzi yaseMelika kunye Turkish yoluntu, amalungu entsapho ngaphezu kwama 2,000, malunga 900 abasebenzi ekuhlaleni, kwakunye nabantu malunga 1 700 kuthunyelwa ukuya kuxhasa Operation "Northern Watch" (ONW).

Njengoko isiphelo ka-2002, kwafumaniseka ukuba kwakukho malunga nama-4,000 abantu, ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha kubo Sizibandakanye ONW. Iingxelo zibonisa ukuba isiseko somsebenzi 1161 amerikaskih, 215 British ne-41 nabasebenzi Turkish.

iziseko

"Incirlik" - isiseko wamajoni, ogama iziseko yenziwe kakuhle. Kukho ivenkile isebe kunye evenkileni, okutya ngongoma, ivenkile ifanitshala, isibhedlele, iklinikhi wamazinyo kunye ndlwana. Pentagon Federal Credit Union inika uluhlu olupheleleyo lweenkonzo, ukongeza transactions imali. Military ISebe Finance libonelela lokukhangela nokutshintshwa kunye yokutshintsha imali. Ootitshala kufuneka babe akhawunti neyiyo eUnited States.

Empini owafika de ukuwa-1999, wavunyelwa ukuba agcine indlu off-base. Bonke abasebenzi bakhuthazwa ukuba bahlale kwi "Incirlik" yaye abaninzi ekuvunyelwene kuyo. Izikolo ezininzi abasebenzi bahlala izakhiwo ezintsha noko.

Imozulu yahlulwe ngokucacileyo ibe onyaka ezine: iinyanga yasebusika epholileyo zemvula; Spring yaye kukho ulophu; ehlotyeni kuba kushushu yaye kukho ulophu; siwe ephakathi nobushushu ifumile.

Ngowe-1991 kwabonakala i "Isaqhwithi dolophu", nto leyo eyaba kwikhaya kudityaniswe abasebenzi Task Force "amandla engqinekayo." Igama "Hodge Ilali" intente obekwe nxaxheba enxulumene Team Mortal "Northern Watch".

uncedo iimbacu

Ngoko nangoko emva kwemfazwe, isiseko emkhosini, "Incirlik" ukufumanisa ukuba ibe esifunekayo ukusebenza "Nika weNtuthuzelo", xa waba yintsika zokunceda iimbacu nokusungula kumantla Iraq. Ngenxa wegqitha kwinjongo yakho kweetoni eziliwaka imithwalo.

Ngo-Oktobha 1, 1993 39 Tactical Air Group ngenxa ye lenguqulelo yaba iphiko 39. Le nguqu ibonisa ukukhula imisebenzi ukuxhasa zokugcina iimbumbulu kunye neminye imisebenzi ye-US Air Force.

ukungcitywa Okukhulu nokutshintshwa evulekile futhi taxiways zagqitywa ngoJanuwari 1995.

"Northern Watch"

NgoJanuwari 1997, "Operation Nika Intuthuzelo" lathatyathelw 'indawo "Operation Northern Watch" ukubonisa ngokuchanekileyo ukuba lingakanani na umsebenzi yangoku kliniki ummandla no-iimpukane phezu kumantla Iraq.

Ekuqaleni 2004, isiseko emkhosini, "Incirlik" uye waba "terminal" lethutyana US amajoni ibuyela ekhaya emva konyaka erhafu Iraq. amajoni ngaphezulu kwama-300, wafika ngoJanuwari 6, 2004, aba nayiqalayo zamawaka abaye badlula ngawo amajoni replacement omkhulu. Ukwenzela ukulungiselela yokwamkela emkhosini, ngakumbi kancinane nje abasebenzi ngeveki Airbase wawuguqula yokuma engenanto kwiziko iindwendwe. Kwakukho shop axhotyiswe, ndime bazinya Turkish, ikhitshi zasehlotyeni isidlo ukupheka, ivenkile kundikhumbuza, i mini-ilayibrari, iofisi umfundisi kunye embindini morale kunye phones kunye nokufikelela intanethi.

"Isibonakaliso Freedom"

Ubizo entsha yaphehlelelwa phakathi ku-2005 kunye ngokufika nokuchithakala C-17 Globemaster III, bephethe impahla Iraq exhasa Operation ukuba inkululeko yeli lizwe. Ubizo elitsha, apho wayesebenza kumgaqo kwesakhiwo fan, wathabatha imithwalo isiseko umoya, "iCharleston" wathuma kubo iindawo ezininzi e-Iraq. Impahla hub uhlehlisiselwe kumhla "Incirlik 'ukusuka' Rhein-Main" eJamani ukuze ugcine ixesha kunye nepetroli. Oku ukuba ukuthutha iimpahla ngaphezulu moya ngaphantsi.

Aircraft C-17, ngokusekelwe kwi "iCharleston", ukufika, nokubuya rhoqo emva kweeveki ezimbini. Nangona ekuqaleni Injongo ukuxhasa nokukhululwa Iraq, kwade kwandiswa ukuxhasa ukusebenza "Isibonakaliso Freedom" for Afghanistan. Zibalekele Afghanistan kuthatha kuphela malunga iiyure ezi-8., Kodwa iquka kokufaka phezu Black Sea Turkish okanye yokugalela amafutha ezithuthi American, ngokusekelwe kwi "Incirlik". Ezi impahla kakhulu jikelele - yokuqaba neeoyile, abaza kuzisebenzisa kunye iindlela zokukhusela engaphezulu.

Ukuhanjiswa kwempahla efunekayo abasebenzi zokwakha inkxaso inkqubo emi apha, ngokunjalo kwandiswa inani amaqela nokuxhasa imisebenzi emitsha. Asemoyeni waba "Incirlik" emva kweeveki ezimbini, kunye iingcali yesondlo - ukusuka kwiintsuku ezingama-30 ukuya kwezili-120. Ngakumbi nangakumbi abantu kuthetha ukunyuka kwenani labasebenzi.

Iinkqubo eziliqela ziye zandiswa ukusingatha umthwalo olongezelelweyo. Uninzi kubasebenzi ibekwe kwicandelo zokuhlala, isiseko engundoqo, kwaye abanye - kule inxalenye Turkish. Xa zizaliswa zonke izihlalo, abanye abasebenzi ibekwe Tin City. Yindawo izindlu olwalusele, leyo, ukuba kuyimfuneko, unako ukuhlawula inani elikhulu labantu.

History of indalo

Ngowe-1955, i-US Air Force waqalisa ukusebenza ukuba kungekudala eyaziwa ngokuba isiseko umoya "Incirlik" kwaye ivule Ixesha ubudlelwane Turkish-American.

Enyanisweni, imbali isiseko yaqala kwiminyaka emine ngaphambi koko, xa intwasahlobo ka-1951 US Engineering Group waqala ukwakhiwa evulekile. I-Air Force ekuqaleni ayefuna ukuzisebenzisela ingqondo kunye nokufunyanwa ekuhlaseleni eliphakathi elinzima, isivumelwano kusetyenziso esatyikitywa yi-Turkish Jikelele Abasebenzi kunye US Air Force ngo-1954.

February 21, 1955 zisekelwe 7216 kwadingeka, ukutshintsha kwinqanaba umbono yamanye amazwe phambi US Air Forces eYurophu Asia. Into kuye kwatsala ingqalelo kwamanye amazwe, xa Vol. H. Of eSoviet Union.

"Incirlik" - isiseko zomkhosi, oye wadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusabeleni iingxaki kuMbindi Mpuma. project 119L ukuze uqalise iibhaloni yemozulu kuhlasela kuqhutywa apha ngo-1955. Emva koko saqala apha U-2 kwesimo moya njengenxalenye Operation "overflight".

Ngowe-1958, isiseko labizwa ngokuba "Incirlik" ( "Orchard"). Kulo nyaka kwakukho ingxaki eLebhanon, yabangela eUnited States ukuba ngokwandisa Tactical Air Umyalelo apha united iqela strike B.