History of imali

Yitsho ngqo waqala nini imbali imali, oko kuyingxaki kakhulu. Kumaxesha bakudala, akazange ayisekho nomqondo onjalo kwaye isenzeko ahambelanayo. Ubudlelwane ezifana nemali, anawo kakhulu kamva, nokuvulwa unxibelelwano phakathi kwabantu zenkqubo.

Imbali imali ezinxulumene ngqo kwinkqubo exchange nokutshintsha kweepateni zobumnini. Ngelo kwisigaba kwangethuba kakhulu yile ncoko, sinako ngoku cinga kwase kobudlelwane imali, ndambatha ubuntu nje. Kweli nqanaba iimpahla ezivakaliswe ixabiso ngomnye, bephikisana elingana impahla. Baya owayenokwenza njengezinto, ukutya okanye izilwanyana. Ngokomzekelo, i-Aztec wasebenzisa neembotyi imali ekoko. Esi sigaba lihambisana random okanye elula ubunikazi.

Imbali imali uye kwizigaba eziliqela ezilandelelanayo. Formation zezizwe yezolimo yasemaphandleni negalelo exchange kweempahla wafudukela kwemilo rhoqo, kwaye ipateni random lobunini sele indawo ngokupheleleyo. Le fom yohlukile odlulileyo ukuba exchange ababandakanyekayo eninzi iimpahla ezinokuthi kwaneso ezilingana izinto ezahlukahlukeneyo.

Exchange yaba phambili ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, ngeli xesha, ixabiso yorhwebo ngamnye alukayifumani ibinzana ngokupheleleyo, ngenxa yokuba inani abaqiniseki yempahla-nokulingana. Iindleko yaba Ibinzana kakhulu owahlukeneyo. Ngoko ke, ngokuthe ngcembe waqalisa ukuma ngaphandle iimveliso, ngelo xesha kwimarike waqalisa kusetyenziselwa ibinzana weyunithi iindleko. Ngokuthe ngcembe I eyedwa imveliso enye, leyo lade indima elilingana iphela. Kweli nqanaba, yaye kwakukho ubunini imali. Ngeli xesha baqala imbali imali ngengqiqo mihla le kota.

Ngo wayo umongo imali zezi yorhwebo indalo, kodwa engamelanga ithathwe njenge yorhwebo. Yena ngqo kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba wenza indima rhoqo elilingana iphela. Nayiphi na into ethengiswayo banelise nayiphi na imfuneko enye yoluntu kwaye iindleko iyunithi le nkonzo. Imali imveliso efanayo anazo ixabiso jikelele (ngamanye amazwi, ngaba kufuneka unikezele naluphi na enye). Le impahla imali kuthiwa yokuhlawula amatyala.

Isilinganiso jikelele (imali) wayeza ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezininzi ezibalulekileyo: akufanele kuwohloka ngexesha ukugcinwa, oko kube lula ukuluqhuba ngeenxa zonke, kwafuneka ukuba ngaku ngaphandle ilahleko yexabiso iyonke.

Imbali sendalo lwemali kwixesha Metal luqala imbonakalo intsimbi. Okokuqala eyaziswa lokuhamba igolide nesilivere imali yayisenziwa ngamatye anqabileyo. Zemali zokuqala wabonakala uLidiya kwi BC ngenkulungwane 7 Baqala ukuvelisa eGrisi, eAsia Minor Italy. Ezibaluleke kakhulu yabe zemali zegolide.

In Russia ayenza yaqalwa kwiinkulungwane 9-10. 'Imali' Igama livela Tatar ngqekembe zesiliva, leyo kuthiwa "Tenga". Ekubeni etshe zesilivere esetyenziswa imali, isikwe ziingceba (baba ngaku), ngoko ke babebizwa "engange", xa kukho imfuneko.

Kodwa zemali metal ngokupheleleyo xa ihlelo labo kuvela ixabiso layo lokwenene, ebiza kakhulu. Metal imigodi ayisa ukugcina isantya kunye nophuhliso lobudlelwane kwezoqoqosho. Ekusombululeni ingxaki ebekwe nohlobo imali. Ngokuthe ngcembe, imali metal ngokupheleleyo baqalisa ukuba indawo yi ixabiso lokuthengiswa. Oko kukuthi, isixa amatye anqabileyo iingqekembe baqalisa ukwehla, kunye ixabiso eliphambili baqhubeka lingatshintshanga.

Ngenxa yale nkqubo, imali ezimbiwa indawo imali uhlobo esebenza zesinyithi isiseko enganeno yi. Ekugqibeleni, imali, ezenziwe ngephepha. Ngokuba lixesha lokuqala ke abo bangena amaTshayina kwinkulungwane 9. EYurophu, baqalisa ukuhamba ifomu iphepha malunga ngenkulungwane ye-15, kancinane ngokupheleleyo imali yokwenene ngaphandle kwegazi. ERashiya, imbali imali yephepha yaqala ngenkulungwane ye-18, ezo zabizwa engamaphepha.