MTZ-82.1: zento emayenziwe kunye nohlaziyo

kwizinga Belarusian - ngesihloko enye incoko. Kuyinto ezisitheleyo kule mini eveliswa kwindawo eyayisakuba iimveliso republic eSoviet eyaziwayo umgangatho yayo ephezulu woveliso. Kwaye akukho nje malunga ukutya kunye namalaphu, kodwa oomatshini yezolimo kuquka. Kweli nqaku, siza kuxubusha ngokweenkcukacha itrektara MTZ-82.1, iimpawu zayo, iinkcukacha kunye ncomo umsebenzisi.

ulwazi zembali

Itektala Belarus bafikelela kwizinga elitsha ngo-1970, xa imveliso iitrektara MTZ series phezu nemiyalelo yeBhunga laBaphathiswa USSR. Kwaye ngelo xesha, urhulumente uye wagqiba ukukhulula itrektara uhlobo enamandla kakhulu bokushicilela. Isiseko sathathwa MTZ-50. Uyilo Umatshini lenze iinguqulelo ezininzi kunye nokuphuculwa phantsi cabin elibele, lo ukubhala injini zakutshanje kunye amandla aphezulu. Iimvavanyo zokuqala MTZ-82.1 kwenzeka ngo-1972 waza wema kwagqama yimpumelelo. Ngenxa yezi uvavanyo runs kwasekwa uluhlu leeyunithi ziyaxhonywa zize iindawo, ngokunjalo wadala malunga 230 izixhobo, ezijolise ukwenza imisebenzi eyahlukileyo. Kulo mzekelo, isantya intshukumo kwetrektara lifikelele 30 km / h, eyenza kube lula ukuyisebenzisa ngenxa yomsebenzi yezothutho.

ngesidlo lokuqala

Eyokuqala wachaza imoto wakhululwa Minsk mveliso ngo-1974. Sele lokuqala yokusebenza, abasebenzisi ndiqalile ukuphendula kakuhle kakhulu itrektara, yaye iinjineli bagqiba ukuqhubeka ukwandisa umthamo kuveliswe le nqubo. Ebudeni engamashumi amane iphumile MTZ-82.1 yaba isiphatho yasendle phantse onke amazwekazi iplanethi yethu. Ngokukodwa, ezi iitrektara ezithandwa Asia, eAfrika naseMzantsi Merika.

Eyona njongo ephambili

Lo matshini ngaphambili yenzelwe ukusebenza emasimini. Nangona umgaqo ngayo ubhetyebhetye kakhulu kwaye uzele drive avareji itrekta. Yena kakhulu nako ukuphumeza ngokwembewu kwezityalo ezahlukeneyo, yisa ukucoca zabo, ukuze baphumeze ukulima amasimi, amasimi alinyiweyo. Amaxesha amaninzi, itrektara exhotyiswe kunye namathemba isikhotshi esetyenziselwa ukuhambisa imithwalo ezahlukeneyo, kwakunye yendlela okanye ezinye ezayame.

ezinye bokuqonda

MTZ-82.1 kungenziwa eziqhutshwa nakuwuphi na imozulu kunye neemeko zemozulu. Xa ezingundoqo wayo, le moto yi umfanekiso (umba functionality) MTZ-82. Umahluko omkhulu nje kuphela umthamo okwandileyo kwe-indeksi cab 1.

Ngokubanzi, imodeli kunye 82.1 kwidatha zabo zangaphandle kunye neempawu zobugcisa, na isakhiwo ifomu poluramnoy apho amavili indlela bakhulise abe enedayamitha kakhulu enkulu xa kuthelekiswa ngaphambili. I-injini, nayo, ibekwe ngqo phantsi elorini.

Injini gearbox nezixhobo

amafutha MTZ 82.1 kakhulu ayinamsebenzi ngenxa yobukho diesel izityalo D-243, nto leyo, efana itrektara, nayo iyafumaneka kwi kwisityalo Minsk. amandla injini 80 enjini, esivumela umatshini ukuhamba ngesantya kwe-35 km / h kwaye ngaxeshanye kunye kwezi izincamathiselo isetyenziswa ukwenza umsebenzi efunekayo. yesondlo oludingekayo engephi.

Nangona injini-stroke ezine, itrektara ekhwele actuator kunye zokuqalisa yombane zixhotyiswe eqala preheater. Kukho kwakhona injini ulwelo ovumela injini ukuze ibaleke iqabaka kakhulu, kunye nobushushu.

Njengoko yokudluliswa, ngoko de 1985 itrektara yafakwa kuphela uhlobo zidluliselwe ngezinto ezisetyenziswayo, apho inani iigiyeri yayingekho ngaphezu kwe-18 × 4 ngenxa amavili ngaphambili 16 × 4 - ngasemva. Namhlanje, i-asi kumise diff inokwenziwa ngokusebenzisa inkqubo ngamanzi. stop lock enokuthenjwa nokunika ithuba lokuba ukwandisa permeability sobugcisa.

hydraulics

Oku kuquka ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• I-hydraulic Impompo ye gear uhlobo NS-32.
• Ngamanzi, ubunzima amandla coupling (esetyenziselwa attachments).
• Nokulawula sikhundla.
• cylinder ngamanzi ukuba valve ulawulo ngqo kunye nothungelwano.

Zonke ezi sayithi bayakwazi ukulawula ukusuka cab lomqhubi ngokusebenzisa esinezinyathelo kunye zokuxhathisa.

Umongo ezingundoqo izixhobo ngesanti kubunzulu baphantsi njengoko imodeli entsha, kunye MTZ-82.1 b / a - hlengiso ngqo kakhulu indawo kwisithuba kusetyenziswa attachments kwi iintlobo ngeentlobo zomhlaba kunye ezahlukeneyo elo naphantsi.

Ngqo kuMlawuli boluvo enovakalelo basabela naluphi na utshintsho kwindawo komhlaba yeyunithi koqiniso kunye zokutsalwa kwimithwalo. Ngokubanzi, itrekta inkqubo ngamanzi kwetrektara kwenza kube lula ukwandisa imveliso nokuphucula ukusebenza kwayo (umz, ukuba ukuqinisekisa umhlaba iyunifomu ubunzulu kulima efanayo).

Uvavanyo neSingqinisiso

MTZ-82.1 amakhaka Axhotyiswe izixhobo ezitsha, nto leyo isenokuba stand-alone okanye ube yinxalenye izixhobo udibaniso. Ngaphezu koko, iibhloko ezikhethekileyo izibane Umqondiso ekhoyo kunye iifyuzi nokuba ifaka fusible ukhuselo oluthembekileyo zonke iziphaluka ezikhoyo.

Umzekelo, i-injini isalathisi njengesipholisi isibane lobushushu isilumkiso has a umbala owahlukileyo:

• lomqolo Ukusebenza (degrees 80 ukuya 100 Injongo) - Green.
• uluhlu-Non yokusebenza (degrees 80) - yellow.
• degrees ezingaphezu kwe-100 Celsius - umbala obomvu.

oyili Diesel kufuneka ibe phakathi 1 - 5 kgf / cm ^2. Uvunyelwe uxinzelelo tsiba kwi bar 6 ngexesha lokulayita. Noko ke, ukuba ukukhanya alarm kuhlala kwaye ikhondo lomsebenzi ngakumbi, kuyimfuneko ukuba ayeke ngoko nangoko injini bazakuqala ukusombulula le ngxaki. Ngenxa yoko, inkqubo womoya lo uluhlu 5 - 8 kgf / cm ² kwaye iqulathe isiguquli kunye vana umhambisi wokulawula nokusebenza umahluko indlela kwenkqubo unyathela.

Iimpawu technical

Nawuphi itrektara MTZ-82.1 (b / a ingakumbi) zinedatha yobugcisa zilandelayo:

• amandla injini - 60 kW.
• Isantya rated - 2200 ISityhi / min.
• Inani cylinder - -4.
• Umthamo diesel - 4,75 litres.
• Ukucutha torque - 290 NM.
• amafutha at amandla ngegama - 220 g / kWh.
• reserve torque nani - 15%.
• Umthamo kwamatanki amafutha - iilitha 130.
• Uhlobo bamba - olunye-diski, eyomileyo.
• Isantya ukuhamba ngaphambi 1,89 - 33.4 km / h.
• Isantya kohambo umva - 3,98 - 8,97 km / h.
• Base kumatshini - 2450 mm.
• Ubude - 3930 mm.
• Clearance phantsi kwe-asi engaphambili - 645 mm.
• Ukususwa phakathi kwendlela kunye asi diff - 465 mm.
• ubunzima yokuyisebenzisa - 3900 kg.

Ngokutsho kubasebenzisi bayo

Akunamsebenzi nokuba apho itrektara MTZ-82.1 b / ukuba zithengwe ( "Avito", ezinye iisayithi, okanye ngqo kwi-mveliso), abalimi abaninzi baye baqaphela ukuba ukusebenza imoto ayikho phezulu kakhulu xa lokuqhubeka indawo enkulu amasimi - ngaphezu hectares 80. Kwabakho lububuthathaka iigiyeri yesithathu yesithandathu ngamaxesha imithwalo enzima.

Ngenxa yoko, i-injini ayikho olubuthathaka kakhulu umgangatho amafutha bagqitywe, kodwa ephantsi kakhulu injini diesel kunokuba asesitalini okanye asilele ukuqala. Kulo mzekelo, njengoko kubonisiwe, ingxaki iyapheliswa ngokulungisa okanye ukutshintsha nemilomo ye diesel.

Ngeempawu ezintle itektala kubalulekile ukuphawula "nokungonakali" yayo phantse ngokupheleleyo, kuba phantse oko alinayo nayiphi na kuchaphazela okanye ubushushu, ungabandi, okanye iindlela, okanye uthuli, okanye naliphi na kwezulu kunokwenzeka. Ukongeza, umatshini kulula kakhulu ukudibanisa enezihlomelo ezininzi kwaye kulula kakhulu ukusebenza. Kwakhona Abaqhubi ziya kuqaphela inqanaba olude ophezulu intuthuzelo cabin ukuba nayo yonke imigangatho yangoku ergonomic kunye neemfuno.

ukusebenza

Namhlanje ku "Avito" itrekta MTZ 82.1 zingathengwa entsha kraca. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba imoto entsha kufuneka nepermenno, ukubaleka-in ubuncinane iiyure ezingama-30. Le nkqubo ungayikhetha, njengoko linika ithuba bonke, ngaphandle kokukhetha, uhola iinxalenye itrekta extra nokuqinisekisa ubomi obude ezilandelayo. Musa ukuqala nge Ukruthakruthwano entsha, i-diesel neobkatanny ukuthintela wear ngokukhawuleza amabakala alo.

yesondlo

umsebenzi olucwangcisiweyo ikhutshwa phandle ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• Fan Belt Tension Khangela (via 125 iiyure) - a aphambuke ibhanti mayingagqithi 15 - 22 mm xa licinezelwe kunye nomkhosi ka 40 N.
• Ulawulo lwe ezinyovwayo freewheel clutch (emva 500 iiyure) - 40 - 50 mm phezu komqamelo.
• Ukulinganisa umdlalo ivili (iiyure emva 500) - oko kuyo nayiphi na imeko kufuneka ingadluli-25% ngexesha lomsebenzi injini.
• Phus nokubopha intloko cylinder (iiyure 1000) of iibholiti - torque kufuneka kwisithuba 19 - kgcm 21.
• Ukukhangela retaining nut omninzi kokubonisa inkxaso eliphakathi - kokubonisa ngoko kufuneka bakwazi ukudlulisela torque-40 - kgcm 80.
• Ukulawulwa inqanaba radiator njengesipholisi (iiyure ezili-10 emva kokuba itrektara) - oku kufuneka ungabi ngaphezu kwe-50 mm ngezantsi ngohlangothi entanyeni lokufaka.
• Ukutshintsha ioli kwi crankcase - emva kweeyure 500 zokusebenza ngokuqhubekayo.
• Ukuthathwa lemifanekiso lemifanekiso ocoliweyo - emva kweeyure 1000 ngaxeshanye.
• Le condensate .Kanye ephuma kwisamkeli qho kwiiyure ezilishumi zokusebenza.
• ukuhamba ngexesha elifanelekileyo ehlotyeni nasebusika eolini kwibakala elifanelekileyo kunye grease.

isiphelo

Ngokuthenga kwi "Avito" MTZ-82.1 okanye kwenye indawo, hlala ukhumbula ukuba lo itrektara kakhulu ukuba ukusebenzisa ngenkuthalo njengoko umlayishi, excavator, ugandaganda kwaye kwezinye iimeko zihlangana. Kwaye anikwe ixabiso layo liphantsi kakhulu, kucacile ukuba kutheni le ifunwa luhlala gqolo ephakamileyo elidlulileyo iminyaka emininzi kangaka.