Ngawaphi amaxwebhu ezifunekayo kwi isithuthuthu?

Ngelishwa, kwakunye ukuphoxeka elivisayo emininzi kummandla Russian Federation sisanda ityala entsha, vala phantsi apho ukusebenza nasiphi na isithuthi ukuba injini umthamo ngaphezu 0.25 kW, ngaphandle mvume kweloo didi. Nangona abaninzi Esam, kuba Andazi nokuba yintoni amaxwebhu iyafuneka kwi isithuthuthu, nokuba ukho kwaphela.

Ngaba kufuneka ilungelo lokuba ukulawula scooter?

Ngamagama alula yabantu, umthetho omtsha ulumkisa abaqhubi ukuba nabani na oqhuba nayiphi iimoto (iimoto, izithuthuthu ezincinci, izithuthuthu, njl), kufuneka ube iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba, okanye, ukuba bathethe kakhulu nje, ilungelo lokuba ukuthutha ulawulo ithetha. Bona zikhutshwe phantse zonke iindidi zezithuthi, ngaphandle iibhayisekile kunye neendlela ngomatshini kunye iinjini engaphantsi kwe-0,25 kW.

Imithetho yendlela kwaye kukho umbhalo osemazantsi, nto leyo ichaza ukuba injini - oku sisixhobo eyodwa ngomatshini oguqula amandla amafutha ibe drives lombane kunye nezinye izixhobo wesithuthi, ekugqibeleni kukhokelele isithuthi ngokwayo ihamba.

Ukuphendula umbuzo malunga nokuba amaxwebhu isithuthuthu, wena uyazi ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ukuba, ewe, ngenxa yokuba lo scooter zibhekisela kulo mzekelo ku nokuba ezincinci okanye izithuthuthu, nemimiselo yayo. Kwaye ngokomthetho entsha, abaqhubi abo bobabini kufuneka ube iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba.

iimpawu Technical of ngezithuthuthu

Kutheni umthetho omtsha ubudlelwane ulutsha ezininzi? Ekuqaleni ngezithuthuthu Russian, ngezithuthuthu kunye ATVs nge injini yokuvutha kwangaphakathi kunye umthamo egumbini 50 cubic metres okanye ngaphantsi, awufuni umthetho, enyanisweni, baba ilingana Happy, kodwa ukususela umthetho omtsha, ngokoko lwapapashwa ngoNovemba 2013 ngayo oko kuyimfuneko ukuze libhale ilungelo ukulawula udidi M ezincane, okt kutshanje ngokuyimfuneko amaxwebhu ayimfuneko kwi isithuthuthu.

Ngo-SDA lithi moped - namnye ngaphandle imoto, nto leyo eye injini yokuvutha langaphakathi kwigumbi volume-50 ukuya iityhubhu okanye injini yombane ukuya ku-4 kW, kwaye izinga kufuneka libekelwe umda-50 km / h.

Ngenxa yoko, kunokuthiwa ukuba izithuthuthu, ngezithuthuthu, iibhayisekile kunye injini, ATVs kunye nezinye izithuthi ezifanelekileyo yemigaqo data, kungathathwa nje moped. Yonke into anayo kuyilo yayo injini enamandla ngakumbi, ezinxulumene ukuba izithuthuthu didi. Ngoko, yintoni amaxwebhu iyafuneka kwi isithuthuthu ukukhwela ngokusemthethweni?

Ukuba umthamo motor iityhubhu scooter 50

Ngamafutshane, amaxwebhu ngokwawo phezu isithuthuthu kunye nomthamo wenjini cubic metres ukuya ku-50 angafunekiyo, kufuneka nje ube nelungelo kudidi efanelekileyo. Kulo mzekelo, udidi M (oko kukuthi, ilungelo lokuba ukuqhuba moped). Olu didi kwakhona iquka ulawulo NB enjinini ku-4 kW okanye moped nge "ezalwa" okhethekileyo.

Kwakhona ukuba ulawulo eli qela kwezithuthi kubantu abathe uvule naluphi na udidi. Oku kuthetha ukuba xa umntu unelungelo ukuqhuba imoto, ngoko ke akunyanzelekanga ukuba zokungafani.Le umba M. nje unokuthabatha moped uhambe, ukuba ime amapolisa ezendlela, umqhubi unelungelo lokufaka amalungelo abo umsebenzi yaye ukuya phambili, ukuba akazange enze akukho ukunyhashwa.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuze ufumane ilungelo kudidi M sele kwiminyaka eli-16, kuyimfuneko kuphela ukuthatha izifundo niwele ukuhlolwa amapolisa endlela. Kuba amalungelo abantu abaninzi ezinye iindidi kuya kufuneka ulinde omdala.

Elokugqiba, kunokuthiwa ukuba ezinye izixhobo zokulawula azifuneki apabuuta hlobo, ngenxa yokuba eRashiya ukuba ngokusemthethweni na kwizifo, kwakunye iibhayisikile. Sekunjalo, abaninzi bacetyiswa ukuba baphathe nabo itsheki ukuba isithuthuthu okanye nayiphi na isikhokelo ethe nca kuzo ngokuthenga, njengokuba kulo mzekelo kuya kuba lula kakhulu ukungqina amapolisa ezendlela ukuba scooter iphezu kwakho kwaye adweliswe kule moto. Nangona umnini scooter akanyanzelekanga ukuba ukunika amaxwebhu ezinokunikezelwa yi-SDA.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba phantsi komthetho umqeshwa unelungelo lokufuna ukuba mvume zokuqhuba, xa kuthe umqhubi uqhuba isithuthuthu iityhubhu 50. Khangela ukuba ukweba kwesi sihlandlo ibhalisiwe, kunokuba ngokusebenzisa inkqubo ekhethekileyo, kunye nenkqubo uyakhawuleza ngokwaneleyo.

Ukuba umthamo ityhubhu isithuthuthu phezu 50

Kwiimeko apho umthamo we-injini engaphaya iityhubhu-50, kuyimfuneko ukuba ngokusesikweni isithuthuthu. Kwizithuthi ukuba isithuthi yokundwendwela ezikhutshiweyo (TCP). Koko recertifying kwenzeka ngendlela efanayo njengoko kunjalo nge imoto.

Ukongeza, imfuneko ukufumana iipleyiti mvume, oko kukuthi, ubeke moped kwi-akhawunti, ngokulandelelanayo, kuya kufuneka ukuba sidlule ukuhlolwa kwaye ufumane i-inshorensi. Kwaye, kakade, unelungelo ezifanelekileyo iindidi, oko kukuthi A1. Zikholelwa ukulawula kwezithuthi ezinomlinganiselo injini ye-50 ukuya 150 cubic metres.

amalungelo isigaba A1 kwaye ziya kuba zilungele kwiminyaka eli-16. Kulo mzekelo, ukuba udidi A1, cubic metres ngezithuthuthu ukuya ku-50 ziya kuvulwa kungenziwa eziqhutshwa ngaphandle kodidi M.

Ngawaphi amaxwebhu kwi isithuthuthu 150 cubic metres kuya kufuneka ukuba ukubhaliswa? Le nkqubo kuvamise kakhulu ezahlukene ukusuka ukubhaliswa kunye nezinye izithuthi. Udinga i maxwebhu alandelayo:

• yokundwendwela lakho - ukuba akhuphe isatifiketi sobhaliso kwaye ucacise umnini, kule meko loo mntu thenga isithuthi.
• Amanqaku - okanye uxwebhu lobhaliso lwezithuthi, edwelisa zonke iinkcukacha, iimpawu, kwakunye amanani serial kwelayisenisi kunye nokubhaliswa amacwecwe.
• Ubungqina lokuthenga okanye isivumelwano iintengiso, ukuqinisekisa ukuba umntu eneneni bathenga kwaye umnini wesithuthi.

Kwiimeko apho le sethingi ukubala wenza okokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukuba kwakhona ikopi GTE (isibhengezo amasiko impahla) ukwenzela ukuqinisekisa ukuba scooter ezweni ngokusesikweni kunye namasiko kususwa eRashiya. Ukuba iyeza kanye bathenga wahlulelwa Ibhaliswe ku eRashiya, mhlawumbi akuyi kuba yimfuneko olu xwebhu, ekubeni TCP i ungenelo olungqamelanayo.

Ukwenziwa kwamaxwebhu xa uthenga elisetyenziselwa / abe isithuthuthu

Ekubeni amaxwebhu kwi isithuthuthu 50 iityhubhu akuyomfuneko ukuba babhalise, nokwenza kube nzima kwi siseko, uze uhlolisise lo mbandela, kwelinye icala, akwenzi ngqiqo. ukuqonda ke ukuba umgwebi ngokuqiqisisisayo liphulaphule icebiso abaqhubi isithuthuthu, sinako ukuba kubalulekile ukwenza ubuncinane ikhontrakthi yokuthengisa. Ngenxa yokuba amapolisa ezendlela ufuna ukubona ubuncinane amanye amaxwebhu isithuthuthu.

Oku kuyimfuneko ukuze ukungqina ukuba Bebe moped evela umnini wangaphambili, kwaye ngenene wayithenga kuba imali, kuba akwazi ukugcina naziphi neerisithi okanye obunye ubungqina lwentengo, athe angenza isicelo uze ubhale ingxelo malunga ubusela impahla. Nesivumelwano yonke into aya kuba ukuzola kakhulu kwaye akukho mfuneko ukuba woyike ukweyela ezandleni nabakhohlisi.

Kulo mzekelo, isampuli amaxwebhu isithuthuthu iityhubhu 50 kungathathwa nje isampulu lesivumelwano yokuthengisa ye sithuthi. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uthathe ingqalelo yokuba nqaku moped ukuya ku-50 iityhubhu nje ayisekho kwaye akukho mfuneko yokuba zifuna oko kumnini wangaphambili okanye umthengisi.

Kodwa kwimeko olunye uhlobo scooter kufuneka ukhangele ukhetho kuphela amaxwebhu, kungenjalo ukuhamba ngokusemthethweni kwizithuthi bekuya kuba nzima. inkqubo yokubhalisa ilula:

1. Umnini uthatha isithuthi kwirejista.
2. Iqulunqwe up isivumelwano yentengiso kwaye wahlawula ixabiso.
3. Iveliswe ukubhaliswa nomnini entsha.

Nangona kunjalo, le nkqubo uqhelene kwabaninzi, kuba efanayo inkqubo ukuthengisa yemoto okanye nasiphi na isithuthi, ukuya enye eziqondile.

Kuthekani ukuba engafakwanga nawaphi na amaxwebhu kwi isithuthuthu?

Ngethamsanqa, eRashiya akuyomfuneko ukuba naziphi na amaxwebhu isithuthuthu 50 iityhubhu. Sotrutniki lezendlela kufuna nantoni na ngaphandle mvume zokuqhuba, ngoko kwanokuba ngetshekhi okanye ikhontrakthi zentengiso ilahlekile, iincwadi zobugcisa, leyo iqhotyoshelwe kwikhithi, okanye into ethile eyenye, ngoko ungakhathazeki kwaye zibaluleke kakhulu okunene. Le scooter ungaqhubeka ukusebenza ngaphandle kwezi maphepha, ngokuba umthetho ubonelela kuyo, ingakumbi ukuba amaxwebhu ngawelixa kwaye scooter aludweliswanga kule moto. Akukho ukoyika, eyona nto ibalulekileyo - musa ukwaphula imithetho yendlela.

Ukuba la maxwebhu ziye zalahleka kwi isithuthuthu kunye umthamo omkhulu kwinjini, yonke ilula kakhulu - ukubuyisela phantse nawaphi na amaxwebhu okunene. Kakade ke, ukuba scooter sele ngenene ubhalisiwe kwaye ipleyiti yokubhalisa. Kuyimfuneko kuphela ukuba isicelo amapolisa ezendlela uthi kubo malunga ilahleko, kwaye Iwindow, yintoni ekufuneka yenziwe ukubuyisela la maxwebhu.

Ingaba Kufuneka Ndiye ukubeka scooter kwi akhawunti yaye yintoni amatyala?

Ukususela umbhalo ngasentla kuqondwe ukuba ubhaliso zingasetwa Izikuta efanelekileyo phantsi iimpawu ezithile kuphela: injini yokutsha yangaphakathi 50 ukuya 150 neesentimitha cubic kunye isantya ekuphuhlisweni kwama-50 km / h. Oku kuthetha ukuba akukho nokuba isithuthuthu, kodwa ngesithuthuthu wokwenene, leyo ngokuqhelekileyo ebizwa njalo.

Kodwa ingaba kuyimfuneko ukwenza njalo? Ukuba uceba ukusebenzisa isithuthi, ngoko oku kumelwe! Ngenxa ulawulo isithuthuthu ngaphandle amaphepha ngokungekho mthethweni yaye oku kusongela isohlwayo, ukuba umqhubi uvinjwa lipolisa lendlela.

Ukufumana ukuqhuba uhlobo mvume ukulawula scooter

Amaxwebhu nokulawula isithuthuthu - yinto iphakheji lwamaphepha kuyahlukana nedlela ezithile indlela scooter uza ukubaleka umqhubi. Kwimeko kwecacileyo, kuba ipasipoti-mvume lokuqhuba kunye udidi open source lwe M. Ukuba moped unamandla ngakumbi, ilungelo A1 udidi okanye A, ngokunjalo TCP ne-inshorensi.

, Amalungelo kunye iindidi kufuneka ukujongana ngakumbi ngokukodwa PTSD ukuba inshorensi kwaye yonke into icacile, inkqubo yokubhalisa ibonakala ngcono. Yiloo nto ukuvumela iindidi ezithile amalungelo:

• Udidi M - ikuvumela ukulawula imoto nge injini ukuya cubic metres-50, nto leyo efunekayo nawuphi na amanye amaxwebhu, ngaphandle amalungelo. Umqhubi kunye nodidi elinikiweyo akakwazi ukuqhuba izithuthi kunye injini enamandla ngakumbi. Kuba ngezithuthuthu, kukho imigaqo ethile eyahlukileyo kuleyo ezilungiselelwe izithuthuthu eziqhelekileyo okanye iimoto. Oku kuya kuba uxwebhu kwi isithuthuthu 50 iityhubhu.
• Udidi A1 - udidi eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo, omalunga ku A, kodwa a sokunqaba kwabasebenzi 150 cubic metres. Kwakhona, nabani ungayifumana ngaphandle naziphi na iingxaki kwiminyaka eli-16.
• Isigaba A - kukuvumela ukuba uphathe zonke iintlobo izithuthuthu, ukuba oomatshini ezinamandla ngakumbi injini ezinkulu kuno 150 cubic metres, ukufumana amalungelo kolu didi kuyimfuneko ngokungqongqo eyi-18.

Indlela Kwathi iimviwo ukuze afumane amalungelo scooter endleleni?

Ukuba la maxwebhu afunekayo kwi isithuthuthu, kufuneka uye ngokusebenzisa uvavanyo oluthile:

1. Uqeqesho kwisikolo yokuqhuba ethile oyifunayo udidi, iindleko kunye ngokwemiqathango yokufunda ixhomekeka indlela ngqo kwi kuhlobo olukhethiweyo, kwakunye evela zikolo lokuqhuba, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela into yokuba kwiimeko ezininzi kudidi M uqeqesho olufinyeziweyo, kwaye uthatha akukho ngaphezulu kwiiveki ezi-2.
2. Ngaxeshanye kunye uqeqesho okanye ngoko nangoko emva kuyimfuneko ukuba bangenele uviwo lonyango ukuze afumane isiqinisekiso ezizodwa, ngokungqinelana ngayo ukufikelela kulawulo imoto.
3. Iveliswe abaqashileyo iimviwo zangaphakathi izikolo ukwamkelwa ezingundoqo uqhuba.
4. Self ukuhlolwa amapolisa ezendlela iquka iinxalenye ezimbini: Imfundiso computer nokuziqhelanisa kwi inkundla, nakuwo umzi. Emva kokugqitywa ngempumelelo, ungenza ngokusesikweni unelungelo.

Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ukuba awukwazi ukuthatha uviwo ngenxa yokuba aphinde iza kuqhubeka kanye ngeveki enye. Kwaye ukuba akuyi kudlula ixesha lesibini, ngoko ke inyanga kamva. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko, umqhubi ngamnye amandla ukudlula iimviwo ze kufumana la maxwebhu kwi scooter yabo.

Izohlwayo ukuqhuba ngaphandle mvume kwezo ngezithuthuthu elawula

Kucacile ukuba kufanele ukuba kubekho ilungelo kweloo udidi, ngokunjalo onke amaxwebhu. Kodwa yintoni enokwenzeka xa ngequbuliso umqhubi akulunganga, kodwa yena wahlala emva kwevili? Xa uyeka ngesithuthuthu endlela le yomqhubi ziya kusiwa esikiti imoto, kwaye isohlwayo uya kuba ukususela engange-5 ukuya ku-15 amawaka. Sithathe eso sithuthi esikiti imoto umntu akwazi, ukuba ilungelo kolu didi.

Ukuba umqhubi ukubhengeza ngesiquphe ukuphulukana namalungelo, akukho nangayiphi na indlela ukutshintsha imeko, ekubeni ilahleko kufuneka zibhalwe phantsi. Kulo mzekelo, umqhubi uya kunikwa ilayisenisi okwethutyana, kwaye ekupheleni kweentsuku ezingama-60, ekhutshwe mvume lokuqhuba.

Kuba bahlawuliswe mvume kunye nobuso eziphelelwe lixesha. Ukuba ngequbuliso uya kuba wenza impatho embi yemigaqo kuphindwa, umzekelo, ukuba umqhubi sele evinjwa amalungelo, aphinde agqabhuke endleleni, ngoko isohlwayo uya kuba-30 amawaka, okanye uya kunikwa umsebenzi oluleko okanye avalelwe entolongweni iintsuku ukuya ku-15.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba amaxwebhu kwi isithuthuthu 50 iityhubhu akuyomfuneko kwaye kufuneka ukuya kumsebenzi wokugqibela ukungqina ukuba ayisekho umthetho lesohlwayo ngenxa ukukhwela kule kwisithuthi. Ukuba umqeshwa ibonisa okwahlukileyo - ukuba amanyathelo angekho mthethweni, nto leyo ke umngeni enkundleni, ukubhala incoko okanye ikhamera yefowuni.