Ngengozi - kuba ... ingozi Traffic

Ingozi - isiganeko okwenzeke endleleni ngoxa uqhuba isithuthi (isithuthi) kunye nenxaxheba yayo. Ngenxa yoko, yena buhlungu abantu, iimoto ezonakeleyo, izakhiwo, imithwalo okanye ubunzima enye umonakalo eziluhlobo eziphathekayo.

Le anesithoba Meyi 1896 kwenzeke ingozi yokuqala. Kwaba eNew York. Ke abajongene nazo ibhayisekile sombane, nto leyo esisizathu sokuba abantu abalimele umlenze.

Kwaye kwenzeka ntoni kwindlela namhlanje, nendlela imithetho elawula siganeko, sifunda inqaku.

Imoto - njengendlela awandisiweyo ingozi

Ngokwayo, isithuthi uthwala ingozi. Ngoko ke, abaqhubi kufuneka bazazi oku ngenyameko kakhulu. Noko ke, eneneni, ngelishwa, kukho iimeko apho abantu bahlale emva enxilile ivili. Ngaphezu koko, la manani wabonisa ukuba nkqu nabo abaqhubi sendleleni ukuphulaphula umculo, kunokwenzeka ngakumbi ukuba idlule isantya kuvunyelwe kwaye, ngenxa yoko, rhoqo ukufumana kwingozi. Oku kungenxa kuncitshiswa ingqalelo iimeko zendlela.

Ezinye ukunyhashwa imithetho, ngenxa leyo eyandisa umngcipheko wokungenwa ingozi yemoto zezi:

• ucingo;
• indiva emotweni;
• kubangelwa yesithuthi;
• fatigue zomqhubi ngokugqithiseleyo;
• ukutshaya;
• ukudla;
• hlengiso izixhobo ze-elektroniki.

Yokudala ingozi yemoto - oko kukuthi akukho sizathu ngenxa kukuvela sezomthetho. Kodwa umcimbi okanye kuba kuphula umthetho. Ngokungqinelana nemithetho yayo kwenzeka yolawulo okanye lolwaphulo-liability.

abasebenzisi Road

Olu didi lubandakanya abantu abaye bathatha inxaxheba kunye nentshukumo. Yeyona umqhubi, umkhweli, ngeenyawo.

Ukuze abaqhubi azikho ngabantu kuphela ukulawula nasiphi na isithuthi, kodwa abaqhubi babo emfutshane, iindonga zokungqinga, ukuba endleleni. Kwakhona, umntu ofunda kuphela ukuqhuba.

Abahambi ngeenyawo abo abangazange baye ngaphakathi isithuthi yaye akazange enze umsebenzi endleleni. Ukongeza kubantu abahamba phezu esitratweni, ukuba ngeebhayisikile, abasebenzisi isitulo esinamavili esingenayo, abantu etsala ebusika, stroller. Abantu enza umsebenzi endleleni, musa isicelo kubahambi ngeenyawo. Kubo, kwangaxeshanye kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo okhuseleko.

Ngelishwa, abantu ubunzima xa iingozi zenzeke. Iingozi lunokwenzeka kunye okanye ngaphandle amaxhoba. Ofileyo umntu wafa ngozi kwi ndawo okanye zingadlulanga iintsuku ezisixhenxe emva. Abalimele ngumntu onzakele ngenxa kuyo bekufunwa esibhedlele ixesha imini ngaphantsi kwesinye.

Nika iimpawu ezisisiseko ziye zabanjwa kunye nabantu inxaxheba ngozi auto:

• isoloko kwenzeka inxaxheba kwabantu;
• Uyaphi endleleni;
• kukho emibi.

ngezigaba

Ingozi unokuba kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo. Cinga ezona ziphambili.

1. Xa ingozi isithuthi zingqubane omnye komnye, uloliwe elihambayo okanye esinye isakhiwo kwi zikaloliwe. Ungquzulwano aba icala, phambili umva.
2. Xa isithuthi iyaqengqeleka, uthethe ngale roller. Oko kunokuthi kwenzeke ngenxa yemozulu embi, ukungasebenzi imoto, lowo kwindawo engafanelekanga kunye nokubekwa iimpahla okanye impatho embi yemigaqo.
3. Olunye uhlobo lwendawo kunye inxaxheba ingozi auto ukungqubana njengomqobo. Kulo mzekelo, isithuthi ibetheke into emile okanye enze ngokubaleka phezu kwakhe.
4. Betha i ozihambelayo inokwenzeka endleleni, kwaye sibukela.
5. Betha i obehamba lwenzeka xa uhamba yokugqibela.
6. Embetha isilwanyana ithathwa ungafezeka, xa isithuthi wabaleka phezu kwakhe, okanye xa isilwanyana wabetha kwemoto kunye ngaxeshanye abantu baye benzakaliswa okanye uphawu impahla.
7. Betha i izithuthi yamahashe, xa izilwanyana umlomo kwiqela okanye wena ukubetha isithuthi.
8. Abanye ingozi - ingozi apho umkhweli yawa evela imoto ehambayo, - babe neempawu zabo. Bona zihlelwa umkhweli ngokwindla ukuba ezinye iinketho iingozi zahlule kwimeko langoku ndizibalela ekuthini ulingane.
9. Imithetho kukho into 'ezinye iintlobo zeengozi. " Ezi nezehlo akukho sezandleni zohlobo elidlulileyo, kodwa kwangaxeshanye bonke imiqondiso kwingozi yemoto.

izinto ezichaphazela

Imiba ephambili ukuba abe nendawo kwingozi yemoto, zezi zilandelayo:

1. impembelelo Dynamic ngenxa wesithuthi stop ngesiquphe kakhulu.
2. Ukwenzakala evela doti okanye iinxalenye matshini.
3. ucinezelo elide le nokubotshwa yinxalenye TC.
4. Impembelelo lobushushu kunye neegesi xa umlilo okanye amaqela athile iikhompawundi kunye inxaxheba izithuthi ezithwele iimpahla ezinobungozi.

Izizathu ezikhathazayo kunye nenjongo

Ubangelwa iingozi ezindleleni zahlulwe zibe luluvo kunye nenjongo.

Kwimeko yokuqala bezityholo kwemithetho yendlela kunye nokhuseleko lwezithuthi kunye nokusebenzisa imithetho.

Injongo yile:

• emendweni eyenzelwe kakubi;
• ukukhanyisa abaziintsizana;
• imeko enganelisiyo kumphezulu wendlela.

Ukuba umqhubi uyayiqonda oonobangela iingozi ezindleleni kunye neemeko zazo, kwenza uhlahlelo, kuya kuba umthetho umthetho. Eyona ndlela isebenzayo yokuthintela bengengabo izifundo ithiyori nohlalutyo iimeko zokwenene neengozi.

Umqhubi unako eyayisebenza kwaye balala kwevili. Kwelinye icala, oko kuchaphazela namava akhe, njalo-njalo. Phakathi kwiimpazamo imoto rhoqo akhokelela iingozi uwaphule neziqhoboshi, steering, izibane kunye nangaphezulu.

indlela yezithuthi

Ukophulwa kwemithetho yendlela - naso isizathu eziziintloko ekhokelela iingozi. Wonke umqhubi kufuneka wazi ukuba wezothutho. Le yinkqubo entsonkothileyo kakhulu yendalo yentlalo-technical, nto leyo iquka abaqhubi elawula isithuthi sakho, kunye nabahambi ngeenyawo. Ezinye iindidi zixhomekeke ezikhuselayo ezongeziweyo, umzekelo, xa zithwele iimpahla ezinobungozi. Kodwa nayiphi na amaxwebhu ezongezelelweyo akufuneki sichasene SDA.

Ngelo xesha linye kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba izithuthi ayiphelelanga endleleni apho imoto ihamba. Ingozi ziya neziqu hlobo, ukuba kaloku kwathi eyadini, kunye nakummandla closed, kwindawo yokupaka iimoto, nkqu entsimini.

Ngenxa yoko kuthe ingozi

Iinkcukacha-manani uthi oku kulandelayo:

• Xa iingozi ezininzi zenzeka ngenxa ulawulo lwezithuthi kunxila (25%).
• Ngenxa yamendu kwemfuneko kuvunyelwa ngumthetho-17% ingozi kwenzeka.
• Ngenxa ezingafanelekanga ukwakha kunye uhlela, U-amathuba okanye ujikele enyuka kwi-9% ye iingozi.
• Ngenxa impatho embi yemigaqo ye likufikela kwenzeka-15% iingozi.

Ukongeza, kukho iimeko xa ebona kugqitywe phakathi TS emgceni behamba, kusisithintelo yequbuliso akukho umqondiso yakhiwe okanye enye eqondisa njalo njalo.

Ukwenza i ingozi

Ukuba ingozi nemiphumela emibi, ngoko ishiya ndawo Task Force umphandi ukuqhuba iinkqubo yolwaphulo-mthetho, iingcali kunye noogqirha. Xa amaxhoba ingozi ngaphandle ngokwaneleyo umsebenzi omnye DPS.

Ngenye indlela, umhloli sisondela amaxwebhu zaseprayimari, ekufuneka esisigxina zonke iimeko lwesiganeko. Ngoko ke, abathathi-nxaxheba, kuquka umenzi wobubi yengozi, kwakunye namangqina, kufuneka ngexesha elifanayo yokukhuthaza.

La maxwebhu ephambili ziquka oku kulandelayo:

• ingozi yesekethe ;
• ukuchazelwa nxaxheba;
• ukunceda;
• Ingxelo iindawo uphando;
• tehsostoyaniya TS protocol;
• ukulinganisela protocol lokulawula;
• incwadi ukurekhoda ubungqina.

Ukuba isiganeko bekungekho ukwenzakala nokufa, kwaye umonakalo ayikho ngaphezu amaxesha 500 umvuzo omncinane, liability yolawulo. Kungenjalo, ityala lolwaphulo-mthetho, kwaye enetyala uya kuba noxanduva nomthetho. Nangona, nokuba ityala liye kwiingxoxo zolwaphulo-mthetho, amaqela unokuvuma, kwaye iqela owenzakeleyo isicelo ukupheliswa UD. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba imbuyekezo kumaxhoba iya konyula kuphela inkundla, ngumtyholwa unakho ngokuzithandela amanxeba.

Ukuphanda, yaye ukuba zenziwa auto-technical ubuchule (okanye uviwo elizimeleyo yengozi), udinga full package of maxwebhu alandelayo:

• onke amaxwebhu zaseprayimari adweliswe ngasentla;
• protocol, benesidima ulawulo usebenzisa ityhubhu okanye enye tehsredstv;
• ukuba umphandi okanye inkundla;
• facilities for isifundo;
• ngexesha - lo protocol of nokuhlola bokuphanda;
• Uncedo Service Weather;
• Imvelaphi yenkangeleko wendlela;
• ulwazi umsebenzi iirobhothi;
• Izivumelwano yokugocagocwa amangqina.

Kungcono ukuba nxaxheba isiganeko uya abhalele ingcaciso emva Sukani yokothuka. Nangona kokuba ukwenza kunye namangqina.

Emva kokuba ngozi inkampani ye-inshorensi iya isigqibo intlawulo kunye imbuyekezo.

isiphelo

kwiingozi zendlela maxa wambi kwenzeka ngaphandle umsebenzisi wendlela. Noko ke, abaninzi kubo uya kuziphepha. Ngapha koko, ukuba bonke abaqhubi baya kuba bazazi nengozi yesithuthi endleleni yaye iza kulandela yonke imithetho, iingozi abaninzi abafayo zenzeke.