Dvigatel- "million omnye" - oko kuthetha ntoni? Ndingayilindela kowuphi imishini malini?

Ubuncinane kanye yonke umqhubi weva kwithuba dvigatel- "kwesigidi". Lidla igama sonorous, Kakade ke, enengqondo inkcazelo. Ntoni na, yaye yintoni izithuthi kuqhelekile ngakumbi? Ezi kunye nezinye imibuzo eza kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku.

Ekubeni umbuzo malunga "nesigidi esinye" uhlobene ngokusondeleyo umbuzo nokuthembeka iimoto, ezi zihloko ziya nayo iya kuchaphazeleka. Ingongoma ingakumbi umdla, omnye umenzi imoto nge injini onjalo akayi iGavdos iqela.

le nkcazelo

Ngoko ke, yintoni 'multi-million injini "? Enyanisweni, yonke into ilula kakhulu; kuba unit amandla emotweni kunye mileage km kwesigidi esi-1 nangaphezulu. Abantu abaninzi abakwazi ukuholwa. Omunye angase athi ukuba nje "yintsomi." Kodwa enyanisweni kuyinto eyenzekayo ngokwenene. Kukho iimoto ube iinjini kunye ngokubaleka kweekhilomitha nesigidi esinye nangaphezulu. Ukongeza, ezi moto ebezibaleka yaye utyando kwaye musa ukuma kule myuziyam.

Xa ingcamango "nesigidi esinye" zichanile ngakumbi. Kukho izimvo ukuba nilufanele isihloko iimoto, lwaphaphatheka, izigidi 1 km ngaphandle kokuvula i-injini. Yezithuthi umkhweli mqambi wokwenene. Amaninzi dvigatel- "nesigidi" - njengobutyebi zeyunithi ngamandla, nto leyo ke ukunyamekelayo oko umenzi.

Yintoni ekufuneka siyenze ukuze sibe nako ukusebenza kwi-injini km million 1? Kufuneka athi kwaoko ukuba lunganako enjalo ukhuseleko abaneli bonke abenzi. Umzekelo, i-Russian "AvtoVAZ" yenza ubomi injini ka 170 000 km, kwaye nangenxa "Neve" kwaye ngaphantsi - 80 000 km. Oku kungenxa yokuba kwiimeko ezinzima ngakumbi yokusebenza. iilori En-indlela asebenza kwindlela yogcino lwamandla, yaye kube lula ukuba angqubeke imitsi emikhulu. Kuba iinjini truck American iimeko zokwenyani kwi-2 yaye 3 million run.

Yintoni uhlobo iimoto kudlule kwesigidi kweekhilomitha?

Phakathi iinkokeli (kwi zokuvota kunye nohlaziyo abemi uthungelwano lwehlabathi) kuquka:

• cars American;
• cars Japanese;
• German ezimxhalabisayo Volkswagen, i Mercedes Benz, i BMW.

Kukho kwakhona iimbekiselo kwezinye abavelisi, kodwa oku ngakumbi Kwimeko ongasetyenziswayo kuyo lo mgaqo ngaphezu mkhuba. Kukho iimoto kunye mileage malunga nesiqingatha sesigidi kwiikhilomitha. Kwaye apho, ukuba isantya waba 'inyani "kwesigidi, ngokwenene ezincinane. loo nto phakathi abenzi Russian. Usondeleyo imida ezinkulu zafikelela iinketho kumazwe "AvtoVAZ". Ukuthembeka wabo eliphezulu kakhulu ngaphezu koko kwezi neemodeli kurhwebo lwasekhaya.

Asingawo onke injini, nto leyo eyenzelwe ukuba usebenzise kwiikhilomitha million, kufika kuyo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ukusebenza kunye nolondolozo. iiyunithi abaninzi musa bengekagqibi nesiqingatha sexesha zabo zokuhlala. Le iwayini - iimeko ezinzima yokusingqongileyo kunye imibuzo ngaphambi.

Njengoko kumiselwe yi ukwethembeka injini

Abantu abaninzi bayazibuza ukuba yintoni na injini yeyona inokuthenjwa? impendulo akayi kuba nako ukufumana kuphela ukhetho lokwenyaniso. Ukuze uqalise kukuba phambili uku bana phandle umntu ufumana ingqikelelo kukuthembeka.

Ukuba uqonde ngendlela elula, ukuba ziyabandakanywa umba ukhuseleko:

• kwalo;
• amathuba wokulungisa;
• ukhuseleko zokusebenza.

Ingongoma yokuqala imisela izinga banxibe kwamalungu injini ngexesha lomsebenzi. Nantsi indima enkulu kufuneka umgangatho umgangatho kunye nebandla izityalo oyile injini kusetyenziswa. Ukwazi ukulungisa ukuchaza ingqiqo abemaninzi khona apho. Ke ukuba ukuthembeka - ingqiqo kubonisa ubuchule iyunithi ukuba enze imisebenzi yayo phantsi nayiphi na impembelelo. Umzekelo umsebenzi onjalo - lula ukuqalisa injini emva kwengozi yemoto, ubusika wayemi kwisitrato. Ngokomgangatho ndawonye iinjini kuyenzeka.

Ukuqwalasela lo mbuzo kukuthembeka, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba injini yemoto ithe isebenzela cleaner. Kuye qiniseka ukudibanisa inkqubo amafutha, sokupholisa inkqubo nangezinto zobuchwepheshe emhlabeni. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, kulula ukubona ukuba lilula uyilo, kungona ukuthembeka. Umthwalo injini ngaphantsi, ixesha elide liya kuhlala. Le yunithi iza kuthembeka ngakumbi. Kungenxa yoko le nto-kade isantya diesel injini ngaphandle turbine oluthembekileyo. Kodwa kuthekani na uguqulelo petrol? Qwalasela lo mbuzo ngokucacileyo ngaphezulu.

Ipetroli okanye idizili, "nesigidi esinye"?

Ngomhla umbuzo olungileyo okanye kupholile, ungaphikisana elide yaye ngokufuthi watsho phantsi. Eyona nto intle kakhulu kwiimeko ezinjalo ukunceda izibakala kunye nengqokelela-manani. Ngoko kwenzeka ukuba dvigatel- "nesigidi esinye" ngokufuthi Isebenza diesel. Phakathi iinkokeli kwi ngokubaleka elide kuzo zombini iimoto yaseMelika kunye Japanese namaYurophu. Kwaye a lot of phakathi imodeli omdala Mercedes, WV, Toyota, Nissan. Ngaphambili, kwaba ngaphantsi licandelo lektronikhi ene-misela asezantsi.

Ukuthembeka imveliso ethile ixhomekeke kumgangatho amalungu alo okanye iiyunithi. Ngokwahlukileyo inkolelo yokuba yonke into ilula - enqabisekile, BMW idala iyunithi nzima somgangatho ophezulu. Yemvelo iinjini ezininzi inkampani - ngaphezu kwesigidi kweekhilomitha.

Phakathi yokwahluka ipetroli inokuthenjwa, zikwimeko elungileyo bajamelene cwaka kwesigidi - kumenzi Japanese Toyota iimoto. Kwiqondo eliphezulu kukho iiyunithi amandla Nissan kunye Mitsubishi. Cinga iinjini ngaphezulu Japanese.

iinjini Japanese kwesigidi kweekhilomitha

Njengoko nditshilo ngaphambili phakathi Japanese iinjini "obungunaphakade" waziwayo Toyota. Yinto eyaziwayo ngexesha iyunithi wakhe umqolo-4 3-FE. umthamo wayo - iilitha ezi-2. Kukho 16 iivelufa kunye elekhtrons ilula. Iveliswe lo matshini emangalisayo 2000 yaye ukusebenza kakuhle ngokwemiqathango kukuthembeka. Isikhathi ibhanti esingayilungisanga sibi umfanekiso jikelele.

I-injini akazange hit amandla enkulu. Amanani bakhe iilitha 128-140. a. Yintoni umdla kukuba, xa iyunithi wagqiba turbocharger (3-GTE), ngoko nangoko isabelo yawa kakhulu ngezantsi kwebar kweekhilomitha kwesigidi.

injini Okunye 2 ukusuka Toyota - umqolo-6 1JZ-kaWonke kunye 2JZ-kaWonke - balihlutha resource "usozimali". Ezi Motors ziyafumaneka kwiinguqulelo ezahlukeneyo kangangeminyaka eli-17 de-2007. Imiqulu le "usisi" - 2.5 no 3.0 iilitha, ngokulandelelana. "Millionniki" Dvigateli- ( "Toyota") ukwazile kunye ezibalaseleyo ngobuwena esiyinikwe yokwakha.

Yoguqulelo turbocharged ye ukuthembeka nayo ke ubude, kodwa akazange ukufikelela imida kwesigidi.

Resource million wazuza esinye unit Japanese - 4G63 evela Mitsubishi. Ukuba yokuqala ye-injini kwaphuma ngowe-1982, imodeli zaphuculwa kuza kubavelisi OE namhlanje.

Iinguqulelo German of "usozimali"

Phakathi nabenzi imoto German entendeni kukuthembeka ugcina Mercedes Benz. Nangona kunjalo, le nkampani ukumisela i "sigidi" mileage esemthethweni ezimotweni zabo, kukho kuphela isilogeni. Kodwa enyanisweni, oko uMercedes kunye isitokhwe udlula km kwesigidi.

Kwi-Internet iya ibali odumileyo malunga umqhubi weteksi lesiGrike yakhe Mercedes imoto brand naezdil million km. Emva koko, sisityalo lemveliso imoto indawo enye entsha.

Cars evela Mercedes yahlukile, kuqala kwiinto zonke, umgangatho yakhe yokwakha. Kulungile ukuze nithi, ulondolozo olufanelekileyo iinjini Mercedes Benz ezi 700 000 okanye ngaphezulu, ngaphandle ukulungiswa.

Ngaphandle Mercedes phakathi kwiinkampani German ngokubhekiselele kwiinkampani ukuthembeka zizakubalulwa ezifana BMW, Porsche kunye Volkswagen. na kutshanje phakathi kwabo Porsche luya lusiba nochatha kumgangatho nokuthembeka izithuthi ayo, mhlawumbi, uya kutyatyulwa ngaphandle zeenkokheli. Ngo-2010, i-brand ibonwa okuhle ukuthembeka phakathi iimoto German.

BMW iye kule minyaka idlulileyo mzekelo ebonakalayo imoto ethembekileyo - E39 emzimbeni, eyayifumaneka ngo-1997. umnini wayo Johannes Rutten wakhwela kuyo phantse yaba sisigidi km. Ukusebenza auto yayinzima, kodwa utshintsho ioli rhoqo. Kuyamangalisa ukuba imoto nge mileage ngokulula ngesantya esiphezulu osemendweni ukuya ku-200 km ngeyure, nangokusulela kwayo automatic zange bazi utshintsho oyile.

Passenger imoto nge mileage olukhulu

Sithetha ngayo imoto engaqhelekanga Swedish-eyenziwe Volvo. run yakhe kweekhilomitha ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezihlanu. Le yunithi phantsi kwegama Volvo P1800S yathengwa umva ngo-1966. American Irv Gordon wakhwela phezu kwayo ngaphezulu kwezigidi ezi-3 weekhilomitha. Ke ukuba 800 zokuqala amawaka, wazuza ngaphezu kweminyaka eli-10, kwiminyaka-32 kwi-odometer ichatshazelweyo ngaphezu kwezigidi 2.7 weekhilomitha. Eli tyala ikuluhlu Guinness Book of Records.

Njani kunokwenzeka oku? Dvigatel- "kwesigidi", kunye izihlandlo eziliqela. Xa ebuzwa ngayo umatshini kunokuba elide kangaka, umnini edume Volvo wayedla ngokuthi: "Into yokuqala ukuyenza - funda imiyalelo." Kakade kule mihla, umntu ndiyaqonda ukuba le moto care esemgangathweni. Umnini uyahlanya nje malunga iimoto zabo. Ngapha koko, baba bobakhe ukuqonda iphupha ngayo yena wayehamba phantse yonke of America, Canada kunye noninzi Europe.

Volvo imoto umenzi sele ukususela wathengisa amalungelo ukuvelisa iimoto umkhweli yi Ford ngo-1999. Namhlanje, umnini-Volvo uphawu iimoto abakhweli na inkxalabo Jeely. Ngaba oku kuchaphazela ukuthembeka isithuthi kunye nomgangatho, uya kukuxelela ixesha.

Automobiles- "kwesigidi" of America

cars american basoloko eyaziwa ngokuba amandla ayo kunye nokuthembeka. Ukuba nokwenzeka ukusebenza ixesha elide kwezithuthi ezahlukeneyo iimeko ukuqina yenza abayili bamajikazi ukuba bavelise iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Eyona idumileyo ke kuzixhalabisa Ford uvelisa izithuthi somgangatho ophezulu.

Phakathi iinkokeli ngokwemiqathango kukuthembeka kuluhlu imifuziselo kowama-2000 ezifana Ford Mustang kunye Ford Fusion. Ezinye abenzi imoto American (ezifana Dodge, Chevrolet, Jeep, Hummer kunye Cadillac), kwaye ke ezinye kubo ukuhlangabezana izakhono "omnye million".

Xa ebuzwa ukuba injini - phakathi iimoto American, amanani impendulo ilungileyo "kwesigidi". Phakathi izithuthi umkhweli ezinjalo kunokuba na kumenzi.

Kwaye apha imibutho yaseMelika iingenelo.

• Okokuqala, yinto enkulu ngenxa iinjini umthamo. Oku kwenza kube lula ukusebenzisa yinxalenye kuphela koovimba ukuba overtax injini.
• Okwesibini, umgangatho yokuvelisa, nto leyo ndoqhayisa Ford, kunye Cadillac.
• Okwesithathu, kuba diesel, zona ngokwabo kakhulu isasebenza ngaphezu namaxabiso epetroli.

Iindleko iinjini ne mileage eliphezulu

Ingaba kukho naziphi na Kuyinzuzo injini mileage ukuya kraca? Kunjalo kukho. Oku, ngaphezu kwabo bonke, prirabotannost zonke iiyunithi kunye iindawo. Oko kukuthi, i-injini iye yaluphumelela run-in kwaye isebenza kwimo kangangoko ngokwabo. Ukongeza, i-option of a isixeko omtsha eqolo. Ngaphandle ukuze injini yokwenene kuphela "nesigidi", leyo zixatyiswa kuphela nje yokufuna ulwazi. Amaninzi ukuba bathathe ngokwabo emva mveliso yokuqhuba uphando ezintsonkothileyo.

iindleko injini ixhomekeke umthamo wayo. Ukuba iyunithi 150-strong Uyakwazi kuthengelwa 50 000-100 000 engange-avareji, 300 "amahashe" iya kuxabisa 150 000-250 000. Units nge uqhelane umsebenzi million ukusuka kuyilo ngaphantsi namhlanje. Amaninzi, isabelo sawo ayidluli amawaka 300 leekhilomitha. Kodwa practice, namanani ezinjalo, bambalwa ifika. Ityala le kuphela nkonzo cheap kwaye ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo - yinto banxibe oluluqilima iinxalenye ngesantya esiphezulu kunye accelerations. Kulo mba, iimoto baseMelika kwindawo engcono kunokuba zasekhaya.

Indlela ukuphumeza "million" uluhlu kwi imoto yakho?

Kufuneka uqale ukuze bafunde, kwaye ukuba injini yakho imoto kwindawo kwesigidi kweekhilomitha ibalwa? Vumela dvigateli- "omnye million", uluhlu lwe oluno, kwaye ayikho intsomi, ngoku kukho kubalulekile ukwazi ngakumbi ngaye.

Kwaye ke kukho yemvelo yesikolo elula. Ngenxa yayo kuguga amacandelo injini, ukuba akukho monakalo kunye iintsilelo lokuqala? Impendulo: kuphela ngenxa kunobunye. Eneneni, ngexesha lokusebenza yeyunithi lwamandla zonke icandelo iindawo bakwimeko ombane aphezulu kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu. Ukuthambisa ajikeleze kule injini ludlala indima ebalulekileyo. Ngoko ke, isiphelo yokuqala kukwandisa ubomi esebenzayo - na ukutshintshwa ngexesha oyile injini. Ngaphezu koko, i oyile kufuneka lichithwe kuphela ngokwemilinganiselo yakowayo.

Esi sigqibo yesibini ukuze wandise ubomi injini - intsebenziswano efanayo ngaphandle ngenxa yokwanda kunye nomthwalo, kwaye nayiphi na kwimeko nobushushu! indlela nganye kakhulu yokusebenza kunciphisa kakhulu isabelo yeyunithi yamandla. Oku ngokucacileyo ixelela umahluko izibonelelo kunye iinjini ezilula operation turbocharged.

Kwaye ngoku amazwi ambalwa malunga intsomi yesikolo - injini "engunaphakade". Yiyo xa ayikho kunobunye. Ukuba ufike ubuncinane zochuku kule nkqubo, uyakwazi ukufumana umsebenzi elide kakhulu elide. Kwimeko iinjini zemoto babe iindlela ezifanayo. Oku kusetyenziswa ezikhethekileyo kudla Suprotec. Ngenxa ukusebenzisa kwabo phezu ezalathelwe kunye iinxalenye injini, kukho umaleko olongezelelweyo obhityileyo anti-kunobunye.

isiphelo

UPawulos, siyabona ukuba eneneni kukho dvigatel- "kwesigidi". On yintoni imoto ukuba ingafunyanwa nayo. Ndafumanisa ukuba phakathi yaseJapan, naphakathi abenzi yaseYurophu kunye American ayedibana kukho iimeko ezinjalo. Nokuba Mercedes German okanye Toyota Japanese - ngenkathalo efanelekileyo ukuqhuba ngokukhuselekileyo dohazhivaet million km sixhobo.

Kwimbali emotweni kunye run ngaphezu kwesigidi kweekhilomitha elingumfanekiso umgangatho sokwakha kunye utshintsho oyile rhoqo. Ukongeza, kuzo zonke iimeko umdla wokwenene buqapheleke phakathi abenzi. Cars ne mileage okanye ngentlawulelo, okanye kwaneso entsha.