Ngubani na owabulala uLenin? Umhla ukufa Lenin. Umhla wokuzalwa kunye nokufa Lenin

Vladimir Ilyich Lenin waba laseburhulumenteni Russian kunye wezopolitiko, umseki urhulumente waseSoviet kunye Communist Party. Phantsi kobunkokheli bakhe, ebibanjwe ngo-Oktobha Revolution. Umhla wokuzalwa kunye nokufa inkokeli Lenin - 1870, Aprili 22, 1924 noJanuwari 21 ngokulandelelanayo.

umsebenzi ezopolitiko kunye nesimo

Ngowe-1917, emva kokufika kwakhe Petrograd, inkokeli sabasebenzi wakhokela Oktobha qhankqalazo. Xa Second Congress of qumrhu, wonyulwa USihlalo SNK (Council of Abantu Commissars) kunye neBhunga umlimi kunye nabammeli ukusebenza. inkokeli yamaBolshevik waba lilungu le-Central leKomiti Elawulayo. Ukususela ngo-1918, uLenin wahlala eMoscow. Ekuqukunjelweni le Brest uxolo inkokeli sabasebenzi wadlala indima engundoqo. Ukususela ngowe-1922 yakhe imisebenzi yezopolitiko luye lwayekiswa ngenxa yokugula kakhulu. Wazalwa uLenin yezopolitiko yokufa, ngenxa umsebenzi wakhe ziphilile, abe imbali.

Iziganeko 1918

Ngowe-1918, ngoAgasti 30, waqalisa ubhedu. NoTrotsky ngelo xesha eMoscow wayengekho - waye phezu Eastern Front, e Kazan. Dzerzhinsky Kwanyanzeleka ukuba ushiye ikomkhulu ngokunxulumene ngokubulala Uritsky. E Moscow, bekukho imeko kakhulu. Nabalingane kunye nabahlobo wanyanzelisa ukuba uLenin akazange aye naphi, abangazange baye kuyo nayiphi iziganeko. Kodwa inkokeli iiBolsheviks wala ukwaphula iintetho ngemihla iinkokheli koogunyaziwe benqila. Kuye kulindeleke ukuba athethe kwi kwisithili Basmanny, ezivenkileni okuziinkozo. Ngokutsho memoirs ze kuNobhala weKomiti yeSithili kwisithili Yampolsky, uLenin Guard wayephathiswe Szablowski, leyo koko wenziwe Vladimira Ilicha ku Zamoskvorechye. Noko ke, kuba iiyure ezimbini okanye ezintathu phambi kokuqala kwentlanganiso kwaye waxelelwa ukuba isenzo lupoposhwayo yinkokeli. Kodwa kwafika inkokheli kwi Corn Exchange. Ngokuzigcina, njengoko kulindelekile, Shablovsky. Kodwa ke isityalo Michelson yokhuseleko wayengekho.

Ngubani na owabulala uLenin?

Kaplan (Fanny Efimovna) yaba inkqenkqeza lokuzama benkokeli kubulawa. Ukususela ekuqaleni kuka-1918 iye ubambisene rhoqo Ekunene Socialist-njengabalweli benguqu epheleleyo, eyayisele ngobume semi-ngokomthetho. Kwinkokeli ndawo sabasebenzi midlalo Kaplan wamngenisa kwangaphambili. Endizixunayo phandle Ndaphantsa Browning abutment. Zonke iimbumbulu ezintathu emsebenzini isixhobo hit the uLenin. Wazibonela kokubulawa yaba nomqhubi nenkokeli - Gil. Akazange abone Kaplan ebumnyameni, yaye xa ndeva izithonga, njengoko oko kungqinwa kweminye imithombo, intloko yakhe yaye akazange adubule umva. Kamva, asuse urhano okwakhe, uGil wathi ngexesha awayencinwa emva kwentetho senkokeli kwi mveliso eyadini ngaphandle isihlwele lwabasebenzi. Yiloo nto eyabangela ukuba ukuvula ngomlilo. ULenin yangxwelerheka, kodwa hayi wambulala. Kamva, ngokutsho kwembali, ukuzama imvumi wadutyulwa umzimba wakhe atshiswe.

Ukuvuthuluka impilo inkokheli, lihamba e Gorki

Ngowe-1922, ngoMatshi, Vladimir Ilyich waqala ukugula kakhulu rhoqo ekhatshwa ilahleko lokuqonda. Kunyaka olandelayo, kwicala lasekunene lomzimba waba ukushwabana kunye nentetho ukulahleka. Noko ke, nakuba imeko embi kangaka, oogqirha wayenethemba ukuphucula imeko. NgoMeyi 1923, uLenin bafudukela Gorki. Apha, imeko yempilo yakhe iye ngcono kakhulu. Ngo-Oktobha, ukuba wada wacela ukuba kuye eMoscow. Noko ke, wahlala kuloo imali ixesha elide. Xa ebusika, inkokeli yamaBolshevik karhulumente kwakubhetele ngoko waqalisa ukuzama ukubhala ngesandla sakhe sasekhohlo, kwaye ngexesha nemithi iKrismesi ngoDisemba, ngokuhlwa wachitha nabantwana.

Iziganeko zale mihla yokugqibela phambi kokufa inkokeli

Njengoko wangqina Commissar of Health Semashko, kwiintsuku ezimbini phambi kokufa Vladimir Ilyich waya kuzingela. Oku kungqinwe kunye Krupskaya. Wathi ukuba olwandulela uLenin emahlathini, kodwa, kuyabonakala ukuba, ediniwe kakubi. Xa Vladimir Ilyich wayehleli phezu balcony, waba luthuthu kunene, waza waqhubeka ngokulala esihlalweni sakhe. Kwiinyanga nje, ukuba ulale emini. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokufa Krupskaya yayisele wavakalelwa ekusondeleni into embi. View kwiinkulu wayedinwe kakhulu kwaye ndidiniwe. Yena lipholi kakhulu, kwaye amehlo akhe, ukhumbula Nadezhda, waba ezahlukeneyo. Kodwa, phezu kwazo nje iimpawu ukhathazekile, Januwari 21 kwacetywa uhambo ukuzingela. Ngokutsho oogqirha, lonke elo xesha baqhubeka inkqubela izitya sclerosis yobuchopho, kangangokuba "cima" elinye emva kwelinye amalungu obuchopho.

ngosuku lokugqibela

UNjingalwazi Osipov, ababehlekisa Lenin ichaza namhla, eyalingqinelayo oluthile jikelele yinkokeli. Ngosuku 20 wazala imnyama, isimo waba languid. Ngaloo mini, akazange afune ukuba ukujamelana nawo. Ekupheleni kosuku uLenin ezingubeni. Wamiselwa ukutya eliqhelekileyo. Le yimeko silale ingqalelo yaye ngosuku olulandelayo, oziphethe wahlala ebhedini iiyure ezine. Ndandimtyelela kusasa, emva kwemini nasemalanga iiyure. Emini kwakukho wokutya, inkokeli wanika umhluzi. Ngu izifo ezintandathu ngentsimbi inzuzo waphawula, kwakukho mde imilenze neengalo, ngumpolitiki andabikho zingqondweni. Ugqirha icebisa ukuba umlenze wasekunene wayesoyika kakhulu - kwakungenakwenzeka ukuba Wayitsala umlenze kwi edolweni. ezixhuzuxhuzulayo zaye iqatshelwe kwicala lasekhohlo lwe umntla. Fit ekhatshwa ngentliziyo banda nokuphefumla odlisa ubomi. Inani phefumla basondela 36, kwaye inciphise intliziyo kwi ngesantya ibetha 120-130 ngomzuzu. Ngelo xesha kwakukho umqondiso okubi kakhulu, kuba kukwaphula iphefumla isingqisho esichanekileyo. Olu hlobo nokuphefumla ingqondo kuyingozi kakhulu kwaye phantse lonke kubonisa indlela yobubi. Emva kwexesha elithile, le meko iye yazinza noko. Imali motion nokuphefumla lancitshiswa ukuya 26, yaye ukubetha - ukuba ibetha 90 ngomzuzu. iqondo lobushushu emzimbeni uLenin ngayo ngeli xesha iqondo 42,3. ukwanda Loo kubangele imeko eqhubekayo convulsive, ngokuthe ngcembe laqala ukuncipha. YooGqirha steel kondla ithemba imeko ukuzinza bokukhetha isiphumo nokuhlutha. Noko ke, ngo-18,50 ebusweni uLenin kaThixo wavele kugungxula indlu yakho, kwaba obomvu, kwaba purple. Ngoko ke abaziintloko uphefumle, kwaye mzuzu elilandelayo - wafa. Emva kokuba CPR busetyenzisiwe. Buyela ubomi Vladimira Ilicha, oogqirha bezizama imizuzu-25, kodwa zonke zazo ayiphumelelanga. Wabulawa sisifo sentliziyo kunye nokuphefumla.

Imfihlakalo kokufa Lenin

Ingxelo kagqirha esemthethweni, kwachazwa ukuba inkokeli inkqubela yamafutha ngokubanzi iimpahla ebuchotsheni. Ngesinye isihlandlo, ngenxa ukuya kwizigulo yegazi kunye hemorrhages kwi iqokobhe athambileyo uLenin wafa. Noko ke, abanye ababhali-mbali bakholelwa ukuba ukubulawa Lenin, oko kukuthi ke kunetyhefu. Inkokeli State mandundu ngokuthe ngcembe. Njengoko mbali Lurie ibonisa uLenin ngo-1921, wahlaselwa sistroke, eshiya kwicala lasekunene umzimba elele elukhukweni enedumbe. Noko ke, ngo-1924 waba nako ukuzifumana ukuze wakwazi ukuya kwi ekuzingeleni kwakhe. Ntolovelo luvo, ukuze bafunde ngokweenkcukacha kwimbali sifo, yena ungqinile ukuba kwiiyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokufa inkokeli ubusebenza kakhulu yaye ukuthetha. Nje phambi kokuphela esibulalayo kwenzeke uhlaselwe eziliqela. Kodwa ngokutsho luvo, kwaba nje njengokubonisa kokubetha - ezi mpawu mava yale meko yezifo. Noko ke, oku akuzange kuphela kwaye kakhulu kwi sifo. Ngoko kutheni Lenin wafa? Ngokutsho kokugqitywa koviwo ezinobungozi, eyathi yenziwa ngexesha yotyando, nentwana ziye zafunyanwa umzimba inkokeli ngayo izinto eziyityhefu. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, iingcali ziye zagqiba ukuba unobangela ukufa ityhefu.

Iinguqulelo labaphandi

Ukuba inkokheli wadliswa, ngoko owabulala uLenin? Emva kwethuba baqalisa ukubeka phambili uguqulelo eyahlukileyo. I "Abarhanelwa" eliyinhloko Stalin. Ngokutsho kwababhali-mbali, nguye ngaphezu kwakhe nabani na uya kuzuza ukufa yinkokeli. Iosif Stalin wafuna ukuba abe yinkokeli lizwe, kwaye kuphela ukuba kupheliswe Vladimira Ilicha akwazi ukufezekisa oku. Ngokutsho kwenye inguqulelo babemsika Lenin, ukusola wawa phezu noTrotsky. Noko ke, le sigqibo kwi zincomeka ubuncinane. mbali abaninzi banoluvo lokuba ukubulawa ngumthengi wawusekhona Stalin. Ngaphandle kokuba uLenin Stalin baba nabo, i lokuqala labekwa ukuqeshwa inkokeli yesibini lizwe. Kule meko, eqonda ingozi, uLenin, ngomhla olwandulela ukufa kwakhe, wazama ukuba ukwakha ubuhlobo Committe kunye noTrotsky. Ukufa inkokheli Iosifu Stalinu kuzinzo igunya elipheleleyo. Ngomnyaka ukufa Lenin yaba eninzi iziganeko zezopolitiko. Emva kokufa kwakhe kwaqalisa obekulindelekile kwi kwiyunithi yolawulo. amanani amaninzi sele ziphelisiwe Stalin. abantu abatsha beza kuthabatha indawo yakhe.

Ngokutsho kwabanye abaphengululi

ULenin wafa ngoxa yobudala eliphakathi (mingaphi iminyaka uLenin wafa, kulula ukubala). Izazinzulu zithi ukuba iindonga imithambo yegazi yobuchopho inkokeli iminyaka akhe 53 zomelele ngaphantsi kunokuba kuyimfuneko. Noko ke, izizathu ahlale intshabalalo ayicacanga emzimbeni ebuchotsheni. Injongo Imiba iingcinga oku: Vladimir Ilyich wayeselula ngokwaneleyo yaye akazange athathe umngcipheko olu hlobo ngezifo. Ukongeza, oziphethe akazange akatshayi ngokwakhe, yaye akazange avumele iintshayi kuye. Akazange abe nayiphi na ukutyeba okanye isifo seswekile. Vladimir Ilyich zange bafe lwegazi okanye ezinye ezimbi inhliziyo. Emva kokufa senkokeli, kukho amarhe okuba umzimba wakhe yahlaselwa negcushuwa, kodwa ubungqina le wafunyanwa. Ezinye iingcali bathetha yofuzo. Njengoko yaziwa, umhla ukufa Lenin - January 21, 1924-th. Wayephila umnyaka ngaphantsi kwe nguyise wakhe, yena wafa eneminyaka engama-54. Vladimir Ilyich banokuba ukuthambekela ngezifo nemithambo. Ukongeza, inkokeli iqembu kwimo xi phantse rhoqo. Idla kuzisukela besoyikisela ubomi bakhe. Uchulumanco waba ngaphezu kokwanele ebutsheni bakhe ebudaleni.

Iziganeko emva kokufa kwenkokeli

ulwazi oluchanekileyo malunga owabulala Lenin, akukho. Noko ke, noTrotsky, kwelinye manqaku ibango ukuba yatyhefa inkokheli Stalin. Ngokukodwa, wabhala ukuba th Februwari 1923, ngexesha intlanganiso Politburo, Stalin wathi Vladimir Ilyich ngokukhawuleza ifuna ukuba wena. ULenin wacela ukuba ityhefu. Inkokeli kwakhona waqalisa ukuba bangakwazi ukuthetha, yena ingqalelo imeko yakhe nathemba. Akazange bakholwe oogqirha, ubunzima, kodwa ukugcina ukucacisa izimvo. Stalin Wathi noTrotsky, Vladimir Ilyich ediniwe ukubandezeleka ufuna ukwenza iyityhefu ukuba, xa nodandatheko ngokupheleleyo, sokuphelisa konke. Noko ke, noTrotsky waba neze (kuyo nayiphi na imeko, wathi ngelo xesha). Esi siganeko ke isiqinisekiso - unobhala uLenin yaxelela kum ngale mzekelo, umbhali Beck. NoTrotsky wayesithi ukuba amazwi akhe, Stalin wazama ukunikela ubungqina bokuba kwenye indawo kommangalelwa ngexesha lesenzo esithile, ukuba isigqibo ngokwenene ityhefu yinkokeli.

A izibakala ezimbalwa ukuphikisa ukuba inkokeli sabasebenzi wadliswa

Abanye ababhali-mbali bakholelwa ukuba ulwazi inokuthenjwa ekuqukunjelweni olusemthethweni kumagqirha umhla ukufa Lenin. kwesidumbu lwaqhutywa ngokuhambelana okusemthethweni eziyimfuneko. ukunakekela ibibanjwe kaNobhala Jikelele - Stalin. Ngexesha kwesidumbu, oogqirha andifuni ukuba ityhefu. Kodwa ke, ukuba ndithe ndafumana iingcali banokuqonda, kungenzeka ukuba abeke phambili uguqulelo azibulale. Kuthathwa ukuba ityhefu Stalin akazange ukufumana inkokeli. Kungenjalo, emva kokufa ezihlangwini Lenin wayeza kutshabalalisa bonke amangqina kunye abantu abasondeleyo Ilyich ukuba kukho nto, azafunyanelwa ndawo. Ukongeza, ngexesha lokufa kwakhe inkokeli sabasebenzi ukuba phantse ukuzenzela nto. Oogqirha akazange acinge inkqubela ebonakalayo, ngoko amathuba recovery impilo iye encinane.

Kwakungekho ityhefu ubungqina

Kufuneka, ke, bathi inguqulelo njengako apho uLenin bafa ityhefu, ixhaswa ezininzi. Kukho nkqu inani leefekthi nebhere oku phandle. Ngokomzekelo, umbhali Soloviev malinikelwe kulo mbandela ezininzi amaphepha. Ngokukodwa, kule ncwadi iimpikiswano "Operation Umakhi" noTrotsky ngayo umbhali iyavuma Zininzi iingxoxo:

1. Kwesidumbu kwaqala ukulibaziseka iiyure ezili-16 nemizuzu engama-20.
2. Isiphetho akukho utyikityo omnye noogqirha - ugqirha lobuqu noTrotsky kunye nenkokeli ngokwakhe - Guetera. Yingcali wabhekisela ukholo ombi kwesidumbu.
3. Phakathi kweengcali zange pathologists.
4. Not yenziwa uhlalutyo lwekhemikhali okubhalwe isisu.
5. amalungu kubalulekile, kuquka intliziyo, imiphunga zaba zikwimeko elungileyo. Ngoko iindonga isisu yatshabalala.

Kukho kwakhona ubungqina ugqirha Gavriila Volkova. Ndingade ndithi ukuba lo gqirha wabanjwa nje emva kokufa inkokeli ngayo. Ngoxa entolongweni, potter waxelela Elizabeth Lesotho - cellmate wakhe - ukuba senzeka kusasa ngomhla wama-21 Januwari. Ugqirha wamzisa uLenin 11 ngentsimbi sasemini. Vladimir Ilyich waba ebhedini, waza wabona potter, wazama ukuba uhlale, wamkhomba iingalo zakhe kuye. Noko ke, amandla wemka kwezopolitiko, waza wawa phezu kwentloko kwakhona. Kulo mzekelo, inqaku esandleni bawa. Iingcuka ngakwazi ukufihla phambi kokuba ugqirha wangena waza wenza eliphantsi Yelistratov shot. ULenin wafa phantsi, ivaliwe amehlo akhe, njengoko kwaba ngonaphakade. Kwaye ke kwakuhlwa, xa efile Lenin, potter wakwazi ukufunda inqaku. Kulo inkokheli wabhala ukuba le tyhefu. Solovyov wathi ipolisi anetyhefu mushroom isuphu, apho kubekho enetyhefu mushroom omileyo cortinarius ciosissimus, abangele ukufa ngokukhawuleza Lenin. Umzabalazo igunya emva kokufa inkokeli yayinge- enogonyamelo. Stalin wafumana ngokwenene amandla waba yinkokeli lizwe, esusa bonke abantu abangafunwayo kuye. Unyaka wokuzalwa kunye nokufa Lenin kubantu Soviet baba ukhumbuleka ixesha elide.