Njani a yerhasi?

Le yegesi - injini, kuyo ngexesha lokusebenza rhoqo kwesi sixhobo ephambili (ivili) ejika umzimba amandla lwangaphakathi igesi (kwezinye iimeko, umphunga okanye amanzi) kwisicwangciso somsebenzi ngoomatshini. Xa sisebenzisana umsinga kweziyobisi kuchaphazela ibe likhaba esisigxina phezu achazwe apha le plane, nto leyo zazihamba. Njengoko indlela sokuqukuqela serhasi yahlulwe turbine yezihlunu (lihamba igesi zifana kuya ezimanyeneyo injini) okanye iphiramidi ebonisa unxibelelwano (aa Incopho kuthelekiswa isindululo esqwini efanayo). Kukho kokubili single kwaye multi-iindlela.

Le yegesi unakho ukusebenza intsimbi ngeendlela ezimbini. Okokuqala, kungenxa yokuba inkqubo esebenzayo apho negesi inikezelwa kwindawo yokusebenza ngesantya esiphezulu. Kulo mzekelo, i sokuqukuqela serhasi lidla ukuya kumgca ngqo sime ngendlela yakhe incakuba egosogoso iinkcukacha izikhabele sona, ajike ngokwawo. Okwesibini, kukho inkqubo uhlobo lovukelo, xa izinga feed igesi iphantsi, kunjalo, uxinzelelo aphezulu kusetyenziswa. Jet injini uhlobo ngohlobo phantse nyulu lungenzeki, okt. K. A injini Mazivelise amandla centrifugal aye phezu iincakuba, kunye umkhosi basabela.

Apho yegesi lisetyenziswa namhlanje? Umgaqo esebenza ngayo ifowuni ingasetyenziswa kuqhubo umbane zombane, compressors, njl turbine Ogqugqise yale hlobo efunyenweyo kwi lothutho (marine injini irhasi). Ethelekiswa noogxa umphunga, ukuba ube nelitye encinci kunye nomlinganiselo; kuba akukho mfuneko uphuculo kwibhoyila, nokucutheka unit.

I-injini igesi ngokukhawuleza ilungele ukusetyenziswa emva lokwazisa, iphuhlisa igunya ngokupheleleyo malunga 10 imizuzu, kulula ukuba agcine, kufuna imali encinci kwamanzi okupholisa. Ngokungafaniyo injini yokuvutha kwangaphakathi, akukho imiphumo inertial balo matshinana yesingxobo le. Gas turbine izityalo kunye namaxesha nesiqingatha mfutshane diesel, kwaye ngaphezu kwesiqingatha ubunzima. Le fowuni ine ubuchule ukusebenza kwisibaso mgangathweni. Ezi mpawu zingentla ukuvumela iinjini sihlolisise sicwangciso umdla kwiinkundla kwi hovercraft kunye hydrofoil.

A yerhasi injini njengecandelo ephambili kwaye eziliqela neengxaki ezibalulekileyo. Phakathi kwabo qaphela inqanaba eliphezulu ingxolo ngaphantsi kwe injini idizili, ukusebenza, ukusebenza elifutshane gama amaqondo obushushu aphezulu (xa kusetyenziswa sukube umthombo lobushushu 1100 ^{° C,} ixesha ukusetyenziswa injini inokuba umlinganiselo weeyure 750).

ngendlela yegesi ixhomekeke kwindlela asetyenziswa ngayo inkqubo. Umzekelo, izixhobo ezisetyenziswa amandla kunye lobushushu igesi yokuqala ngaphezu 1300 degrees Celsius, kunye Umlinganiselo ucinezelo of umoya isiguquli 23 hayi ngaphezulu, ngaphantsi kwe-17 imisebenzi ezimeleyo xa ukungavumelani kwe malunga 38.5%. turbines enjalo asibhidlanga kakhulu kwaye zisetyenziswa ikakhulu ukuze kugqunywe iincopho umthwalo kwinkqubo yombane. Namhlanje, malunga 15 injini zegesi enesakhono ukuya ku-30 MW sisebenza inani lezityalo amandla thermal eRashiya. Kwiiyunithi multistage kufikelelwe ireyithi ephezulu kakhulu ngobuchule (malunga 0.93) ngenxa iimpawu eziphakamileyo ukusebenza.