Nomhlaza wesikhumba. Iimpawu isigaba sokuqala kunye uhlobo lwesifo

nomhlaza wesikhumba - ithumba ukuvela evela iiseli sangaphandle kwaye ichaphazela zonke layers yayo. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu kwesi sifo:

• carcinomas;
• cell carcinomas;
• wolusu.

iseli carcinoma nomhlaza wesikhumba

Luhlasela iiseli carcinomas, ezo imi emazantsi sangaphandle. Le yeyona ixhaphakileyo nomhlaza wesikhumba. A uphawu enokuthi ibonakala kolu hlobo esi sifo, mhlawumbi kuphela - umzimba bakha amabala ezibomvu okanye maqhuqhuva, maxa wambi zophe. Carcinoma cell carcinoma kubalelwa ama-75% yazo zonke iintlobo yamathumba yesikhumba. Uqala ngokucothayo kakhulu, lo mhlaza isikhumba. Isanda phantse ayithethi ukuzibonakalisa kwaye ababanjwa iinyanga emininzi iminyaka. Kodwa isiphelo akhiwa phezu izilonda yesikhumba ophela kwaye musa aphilise phantse. Ukuba ibonakele kwexesha, lo mhlaza eluswini, iliphawu nto leyo kodwa wabonakalaliswa ngokwayo, oko sinyangeke ngokupheleleyo.

nomhlaza wesikhumba carcinomas

Kulo mzekelo, iiseli ithumba zivela umaleko eliphezulu sangaphandle. Njengokuba carcinoma cell carcinoma, uqala ngokucothayo kakhulu, kwaye bafudukela kwezinye iindawo zomzimba kuphela xa sithe asanyangwa ixesha elide kakhulu. Ngokutsho manani,-20% yazo zonke izifo hlobo kuthatha nomhlaza wesikhumba nje carcinomas. Uphawu into eza kuqala - oku nangenjinana, naye ukuba bomvu. Ngokuqhelekileyo lahluleka kwenzeka kwi yomzimba.

Carcinomas cell carcinoma iphathwa iindlela kakuhle ngabathantamisayo nisaqala sifo kwaye sinyangeke ngokupheleleyo.

wolusu

It angavela kuyo nayiphi iintuku okanye amabala. Sibangelwa melanocytes iiseli ukuba aveze melanin. Ngenxa yoko igama. Le nomhlaza wesikhumba, iliphawu apho kunokubonwa abamenzelayo evelayo itshintshwe okanye abasandul okanye amabala. zaso aqale ukukhula engalawulekiyo, oko kwandisa umthamo. Kubalulekile ukuqala unyango kusekwangoko, wolusu ayikenziwa idubule kuzo zonke iimaleko ulusu. Ukuba ixesha uqhagamshelane iingcali, uninzi yamathumba amabi lungasuswa ngokupheleleyo. Kwindawo yokuqala kufuneka alumkise abamenzelayo, ziye wawuqalayo ukukhula ngenkuthalo, kwabonakala asymmetry zabo, okanye naliphi na ukwahlukana buqapheleke kubo. Kuzo zonke ezi meko kuyimfuneko kukujongana ukuya somdlavuza, ukuba bapase iimviwo eziyimfuneko (biopsy, um-oki, x-reyi, MRI) kunye nemfundo intsumpa ususe xa kuyimfuneko.

Oko kungabangela nomhlaza wesikhumba?

Nazi ezinye izinto ezinokuba negalelo kuphuhliso kwezifo ezingemnandi ezinjengezo nomhlaza wesikhumba. Izizathu ukuze abe ezahlukeneyo, kodwa kufuneka ukuvimbela:

• ihlale ixesha elide ilanga (exposure UV);
• Kuphephe ukuzibeka elide ku-X-reyi (umz: X-ray nekhabhathi abasebenzi);
• Umda ukunxibelelana carcinogens (tar, iarseniki, njl);
• ukuyeka ukutshaya (yemidiza etshaywa nako kuyingozi);
• cinga ukuba overreliance kwi kwezikhumba eyenziweyo (solarium) kunokubangela umhlaza wolusu.