Orinoco nelezihlambo Umzantsi Melika: iimpawu, iifoto

Ukuba ufumana inxalenye esemntla ilizwekazi yoMzantsi Melika kwimaphu, yaye apho ungabona ihlabathi Orinoco emathafeni ezingaqhelekanga. Imida le nto izwe Northern Andes kunye Guiana Highlands. Iindawo ezisemaphandleni ke emathafeni lizwekazi, ngoko i-Atlantic Ocean. Yokuba impembelelo eqinile phezu iimpawu zemozulu zale ndawo. Kunye kwisithili elingasempuma kwemali igama lomlambo elifanayo. Ukususela ngasezantsi, lo mmandla erhangqwe emathafeni Amazon. indawo echazwe wavakalisa band ngokubanzi kunye ntlango ubukhulu becala tyaba.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba esemazantsi Orinoco kwi mephu ikhawuleza kakhulu, kuba morphologically into esicaciswe kakuhle phantse kuzo zonke macala ngaphandle kummandla osemazantsi.

ukukhululeka

Umdla ngokwaneleyo ukufunda mphandle kwelizwekazi ezifana Umzantsi Melika. nelezihlambo Orinoco kwahlukile ngokucacileyo amanqanaba eyodwa eziye zavela ngenxa phezu esiqhumeni, ekuqaleni wabakho ngaphambi kukhukuliseko. Kufutshane Orinoco umlambo yi ariya ephantsi kakhulu, inqanaba ukuphakama kwayo ayidluli uphawu-100 m. Le inxalenye esemazantsi, evelele i-Atlantic Ocean umelwe landscape zesanti. Le ndawo yonke ligutyungelwe nanjengentlabathi ziphenjelelwa rhoqo yimimoya.

Ubuninzi indawo ephezulu nezihlambo, kufutshane ezintabeni, ebizwa piemonte (Piedmont), nto leyo ngokoqobo lithetha "emazantsi entaba." Kwezinye iindawo, bawela eSierras. Bamele amatye ethile crystalline le ezintabeni.

Ukongeza, lonke esemazantsi saa Mesa, leyo banyukele ukuphakama 200-300 m. Le omlambo kwisithili sengingqi. Orinoco ukwabelana iindawo ngasentla kunye neentlambo zabo. Umda ongezantsi le ndawo nje udlula emfuleni uviko lasekhohlo Guaviare.

sezulu

emathafeni Orinoco ke ibhanti subequatorial. Kulo mmandla, iphawulwa zonyaka ethile ye kwezulu. Kuyinto ukuba abakhomba imozulu. Umzekelo, iindawo kumantla ezithandwa nembalela, ilixesha lemvula kukuba ehlotyeni kwaye sihlala iinyanga ezintathu kuphela. Isizathu ilula: imimoya nasemantla-lasempuma angene kule ndawo ngaphambili kakhulu kunokuba emzantsi. Ummandla wokugqibela ithatha up imali inkulu ye kwezulu - imvula kwathatha malunga ezilithoba iinyanga (Epreli - Oktobha). Ukuze abe nako ukuqonda umahluko, kunokwenzeka ukuba bajonge ezisemthethweni. I-avareji imvula yonyaka zahlukile kakhulu kwezi nkalo zimbini: emantla - 800 mm emzantsi - 1000 mm. Isikakhulu besiwa ngohlobo enzima imvula.

Ngexesha umoya lobushushu imbalela lihla ngezantsi +20 ° C, i-avareji uthathwa +25 ° C. Umbilo idla engekho ngokupheleleyo. Bendawo kuyihl 'amahlongwane le xesha ebusika, nangona zizazi kweli hlobo. Le nyanga zikhuthazayo, kwaye ekuqaleni nasekugqibeleni imvula. Ngo-Oktobha ne-Epreli ubushushu zezulu zibe nako ukufikelela + 29 ° C.

minerals

Orinoco nelezihlambo emasimini ioli esisityebi. Bona ixabiso elikhulu kurhulumente. Ngakumbi Guiana Highlands wafumana iidipozithi yentsimbi ekrwada. Ezi iindawo kakuhle kakhulu kunye nezimbiwa kwenziwa rhoqo.

iingxaki mmandla kwinto

Ngenxa awohluke kummandla, nto leyo iqhele Orinoco nezihlambo, kubonwa izikhukula komhlaba. Oku kwenzeka ngexesha lemvula. Ngenxa yezantyalantyala zemvula inqanaba kwamanzi emilanjeni zasekuhlaleni wamvusa kakhulu, ukwakha intsimi kilometre nezangaphakathi. Noko ke, kule kukho plus encinane. Ngeli xesha emlanjeni niphuphuma ukuba kakhulu kuphucula iimeko ukuthunyelwa. Kodwa kummandla ihamba phezu kwemilambo - iindlela kuphela zothutho. Xa ixesha lonyaka elomileyo kwezi ndawo bahlala amanzi emhlabeni. Kwaye ngamanye amaxesha fuma ngokomphushu ukusuka amachibi ukuze imilambo abaziphethe. It ihambisa ubuhlungu ngakumbi. Eyona ngxaki inkulu kwezi ngingqi yimalariya yimvula. Kuphela unyaka omnye ukususela izifo emhlabeni ebulala abantu malunga 2 million.

Flora

Orinoco yeKapa (eMzantsi Melika map angabona ngokucacileyo imida yayo) inee- iintlobo ezininzi izihluma. Kule ndawo uyakwazi ukufumana iintlobo ezininzi imithi yesundu. Yokuba umhlaba kakhulu omanzi. Ukuba sicinga mmandla ukuya ezantsi, le ndawo igutyungelwe kumasimi imithi yehlathi - kunye cars ngamahlathi yesundu.

Basekuhlaleni bekhula umqhaphu, umbona necassava. Nangona kunjalo, umhlaba ofanelekileyo wokufama encinane kakhulu. Kwakhona kuqokelela iibhanana, kodwa ke umthamo avune ubala.

kulona

Orinoco nelezihlambo amazwe ngelishwa sikholisa ezifanelekileyo okwetyisa izilwanyana. Kungenxa yoko le nto iinkomo phantse zange ziphuhliswe.

Kwimigxobhozo ihlalwa tapirs, peccaries. Ukususela Abaxhaphaza jaguar kunye puma. Kukho kwakhona eninzi ngabameli ezahlukeneyo namabuzi. Xa Amathafa lendawo omiweyo ziintlobo ngeentlobo zezinambuzane eziyingozi kubomi babantu. It iingcongconi, iintubi. Kwi kwimimandla enesithuba evulekileyo kukho armadillos kunye anteaters.