Palace ngumba ophambili e Gatchina - ukufumana njani apho?

palace ngumba ophambili e Gatchina - yinto isakhiwo ekhethekileyo, oseleyo isakhiwo lizwe zemlebitnoe. Eyakhelwe iMbasa saseMalta, sele ngaphezu kwamakhulu amabini, i perile lokwenyaniso izakhiwo kunye uphawu lwe Gatchina. Inzala i netheknoloji indalo yayo, kunye neemeko phantsi ezibe ziphantsi kolwakhiwo, kwaye ntsomi ezingqonge ebhotwe. Namhlanje, ukuba wayeqhuba ukhenketho umdla. Makhe sibone ukuba yintoni na imbali ibhotwe njengoko ngoku kusithabatha.

Inkangeleko komkhulu

Le nqaba yakhiwa ngendlela eqhelekileyo Russian zakhiwo na ixesha. Imbonakalo kufana yamaKatolika weemonki ephakathi. Oku kunegalelo kwenqaba, esifana intsimbi ecaweni, kunye nokwakheka lulonke kunye ucingo okulala isici. Embindini nqaba, njengoko kubafanele woonongendi engcwele, yayinzima kakhulu. Kwaye oku kusebenza kuphela ukuba indlela wakha apho iindonga neenqaba, kodwa kunokuba umbala elula - igumbi ezimhlophe kunye nophahla ebomvu.

Nangona kunjalo, eli bhotwe wakhangela kakuhle ngexesha lokwakha. vanes Gilt nesilivere pudostskogo ilitye, iindlela kubomvu-mdaka neendonga ezimhlophe, izibonda abamnyama ecaleni kocingo. Kukholelwa ukuba le wezakhiwo umbala scheme ephefumlelweyo iingubo ezimhlophe kunye ezibomvu le Knights saseMalta, kwakunye imiwunduzo abamnyama ziimonki.

Eyona nto iyimbalasane kule Gatchina Palace kukuba kwiikona ezahlukeneyo ukuba ikhangeleka ezahlukeneyo, oko aziphindwanga.

Ngoko ke, ukususela ezantsi ngathi indlwana Gothic, kunye nenxalenye esemantla ukuba amila emanzini. Ukuba ujonga enqabeni evela kwelo chibi, kubonakala ukuba sakhiwa siqithi. Lolu hlobo wenziwe ngaxeshanye kunye Malta. Nodonga yenza kubonakale ngathi njengenqaba, kunye nomnyango ephambili kunye ngumba Palace ufana ilifa ilizwe. Nangona kunjalo, le nqaba ukhangela ngokumangalisayo okuqinileyo. Bright oluyintsusa accentuated yi isakhiwo asymmetry yabonwa ngabantu bonke iinzululwazi ukufunda kuyo.

ukwakheka

Nangona ngumba Palace kwaye akunjalo pyshen, njengamanye iinqaba ezininzi, kummandla St. Petersburg, oku kunciphisa ukubaluleka kwayo. Oku kubangelwa ubukhulu becala ekwahlukeni kwesakhiwo. Isibakala sokuba esi sakhiwo oseleyo kuphela kweli lizwe, wadala nobugcisa zemlebita. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngongqameko obambe ngokuqinileyo ubunjwe, uqhanyiswa nesisombululo yikalika. Ngoko ke bakha iindonga ebhotwe kunye kocingo, kwakunye ezinye izakhiwo akhiwe kwi sakhiwo.

Ukohluka enqabeni kuxhomekeke kwinto yokuba, nakhelwe ukusuka emhlabeni, wakwazi ukuma phantse amakhulu amabini eminyaka, kungekho mfuneko ngokutsha. Kwaye nkqu ngoku uyaqhubeka yayintle ngokuziqhenya ukuthetha ngokuchasene imvelaphi Black Lake. Hi ndlela leyi, ngenxa enqabeni technology ukwakhiwa elinye igama - Earth.

kwibhotwe Background

Imbali i ngumba Palace iye ngaphezu kwamakhulu amabini. Kuye kwaqulunqwa 1799 ngokukhethekileyo uMyalelo saseMalta. Kunoko, ngokuba French Prince de Conde, lowo phambi noMyalelo.

Imbali ebhotwe ihlobene ngokusondeleyo kunye neziganeko ezenzeka eYurophu ngenkulungwane XVIII. The French Revolution waba entshabalalo ukuya uMyalelo. Ekuhambeni kulo, walahlekelwa inkoliso ilizwe. Russian Empire kwakhona kudala igcine unxibelelwano wahlobana Malta.

Ngoko ke, Knights wacela uncedo noPawulos, kutshanje wanyukela etroneni. Ukuphendula, i-koMlawuli evunyiweyo ngokwaseburhulumenteni, "i-Grand ngumba of" Order of yiMalta. Oku kwenzeka ngo-1797. Convention on the Order wegqitha Vorontsov Palace, ibekwe ingqukuva. Ukongezelela, mna Pawulos wayalela ukwakha inqaba e Gatchina ngenxa iNkosana Conde, owayese ekuthinjweni.

ukwakhiwa ibhotwe

Umakhi i ngumba Palace - UNikolai eLvov. Waba kakhulu, hayi nje kuphela kweli entsimini, kodwa abanye ezininzi, umzekelo, yaba imbongi obalaseleyo, imvumi. Iingonyama zabagonyamela iitalente ezininzi. Ngoko ke, nkqu ngexesha lokuphila kwakhe wabizwa ngokuba Russian uLeonardo da Vinci. Ukukhunjulwa le ndoda ephawulekayo usahleli.

Yena wayenikwe ukwakhiwa ibhotwe ukuya uMyalelo. UNikolai eLvov lilungise iiprojekthi ezininzi, naphambi kokuqalisa kokwakhiwa Izakhiwo ezininzi zakhiwa ubuchwepheshe enye apho ebhotwe yakhiwa kamva. Ingcamango womzobi elifana stylistically ukuya iinqaba kumaxesha Swiss, kodwa akukho tyala zange ukopishe. Ukwakhiwa yaqala ngo 1797. Kwibhotwe yakhiwa ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Sele iminyaka emibini emva kokuqala kokwakhiwa ichithe umsebenzi ugqityiwe kwaye linempahla nokuyifeza ngeninako. Ngehlobo lowe-1799 ukuba kubanjwe izimvo Ephakamileyo ebhotwe nangokusulela kwayo kwi uMyalelo. Ngaloo ndlela uPawulos I njengoko Grand Master kwaye umnini wale nqaba.

I ngakumbi bayahlelwa ibhotwe

Kamva - ebudeni bolawulo loMlawuli Alexander I - ngumba Palace inikwa zobuncwane. Emva koko phantse asisetyenziswa konke. Kwibhotwe kwinkulungwane yamashumi XIX, wayedlala indima zebandla yamaLuthere. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane yaba facelift eninzi. Le nqaba amalungiselelo inkqubo amanzi amdaka, nogunyaziso isakhiwo naphaya ukuze abantu amahlanu ngaxeshanye. Ngaloo ndlela, kunokwenzeka ukuba igumbi enkundleni ukuze uhlale.

Ngumba kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini

Ukususela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane lokugqibela nqaba waqalisa ukuqhuba ukhenketho. Ngethuba leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi, ngumba ophambili Ibhotwe e Gatchina waba esibhedlele ngenxa amajoni longxwelerhiweyo. Kamva ke, wagcinwa iziko lokuzonwabisa. Ebudeni beMfazwe Yehlabathi II wasinda ngokungummangaliso, nangona ezinye izakhiwo zalo zatshatyalaliswa ngokupheleleyo.

Kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane oku kwaku House yokuqala Vulindlela, uze emva koko - History Museum National. Ngumba Palace waqala kwakhona kwi 80s. Ukubuyiselwa yathatha iminyaka malunga amabini, yaye ngowe-2004 enqabeni yazivula iingcango zayo ukuze kubekho ukhenketho.

Amabali anika umdla

Malunga ngumba Palace ukuya amavo Amazing kakhulu. Kolunye kuzo, umzekelo, ibhekisela ubukho sicatshulwa ngasese komhlaba. Ngokutsho legend, idibanisa enqabeni kunye Gatchina ebhotwe asebukhosini. Kunzima ukutsho ukuba oku kunjalo, kodwa kuyimfuneko ukukhankanya ukuba ukufuduka eneneni yafunyanwa ngexesha lomsebenzi ekomelezeni isiseko. Wabeka ilitye, ndisolulela ukuphakama yokuqala phantse abe ziimitha ezimbini, ngokuthe ngcembe ukuhla. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuphela kwalo naliphi na upasisiwe, ngoko injongo yayo ayikwazanga ukuqinisekiswa.

Inkalo umdla ebhotwe kukuba yayakhiwe phezu kumgxobhozo eneneni. It unetyala isiganeko enye ezenzeka ngexesha kuyilo. Okukhathazayo kukuba ulwakhiwo umsunguli nqaba UNikolai eLvov akacaciswa ngqo umlawuli, yaye omnye neqembu yakhe - Jikelele uMtshutshisi Obolyaninovym. Wajika amathuba ezininzi umyili enxulumene kwindawo yokwakha. Ke Lviv wanikela Obolyaninovu ngokobuqu ukhethe indawo apho ebhotwe uya kwakhiwa.

Onelungelo lokusayina-jikelele labonisa ukuba Umgxobhozo kufuphi Black Lake - mhlawumbi yeyona intle kwaye ezingafanelekanga le njongo. Kwaye ke wezakhiwo bavuma kule meko. Nakuba kunjalo, ukwakhiwa kwafuneka ukuchitha umgudu omkhulu ngakumbi kunye nemali. Ngoko ke, kwadlula ukwakha izisele kumgxobhozo owomileyo. Kwaye phezu kwentaba wabumba umhlaba ogrunjiweyo, waza wakha Gatchina ngumba Palace.

Palace zobuciko

Ubuhle angaqhelekanga nqaba sele kudala umdla zabazobi. Ngenxa yeempembelelo yi iimbono mihle yala magcisa kwibhotwe wafuna ukubonisa ngemizobo yakhe. Ngeendlela ezininzi, uthando enqabeni kwakubangelwa iimpawu zayo senditshilo - kwiikona ezahlukeneyo ibukeka eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo.

Ngumba Palace wathimba imifanekiso M. V. Dobuzhinskogo, T. G. Shevchenko kunye nezinye ngabapeyinti kulo wenza umbongo kunye ziimbongi.

Palace namhlanje

Namhlanje enqabeni ebheka efanayo njengoko kwakunjalo kwiminyaka engamakhulu amabini eyadlulayo. Ngexesha uphela liye labuyiselwa inkangeleko yaso yesiqhelo. Okwangoku, kukho ziqhutywa excursions umdla, apho bafumana imbali sakhiwo. Kwaye lo mboniso inomdla kakhulu kwi lungelo ngumba ophambili kakhulu Palace. Indlela ukuya enqabeni yomkhosi, wayengaziwa kuphela kubahlali St. Petersburg, kodwa kude kude.

Ukongeza, kwibhotwe ukuvuselela ngenkuthalo izithethe ubudala. Enye yazo ngokuhlwa ikonsathi rhoqo ecaweni. Excellent umsindo, ukukhanya kunye enomoya igumbi kunye nokusebenza brilliant utsala abathandi umculo ezininzi hayi nje kuphela. Kwakhona, kwigumbi le nqaba yabamba iindidi imibhiyozo, iintlanganiso, ufundo izibongo kunye iikonsathi, iinkomfa.

Indlela ukuya komkhulu?

iindwendwe bayanda bathanda kweendonga zayo ngumba Ibhotwe e Gatchina. Njani enqabeni yomkhosi, sinandiphe esi Likhonkco izakhiwo? Ukusuka St. Petersburg ukuya Gatchina linokufikeleleka ngololiwe ngololiwe. Indlela iza kuthatha iiyure malunga enye enesiqingatha. Kwakhona, ukuya Gatchina, kwaye Ungasebenzisa nesiphekepheke.

Kanye kuloo mzi, ungabuza nayiphi na abahlali, leyo ngumba Palace. Idilesi: Chkalov st, ngumba ophambili Park, State Museum-Reserve "Gatchina". Kwaye ukuze enqabeni yomkhosi uyakwazi ukuhamba kunye, kwangaxeshanye banandiphe iimbono engakholelekiyo macala onke.

Iihambo kwi komkhulu

Ngelo xesha langoku kwibhotwe sisondela uhambo umdla. Iindwendwe uxelele ngembali Order saseMalta kunye nqaba ngokwayo. Ukongeza, ungafunda okuninzi malunga nokwakhiwa zemlebitnoy zobunjineli, kwakunye simazi kakuhle womzobi nobuntu UNikolai eLvov.

Le myuziyam kuvulelekile iindwendwe yonke imihla ngaphandle ngolwesiBini wokuqala kwinyanga nganye. Amangeno kule ngumba Park free. Hi ndlela leyi, le ummandla eluhlaza yadalwa kwenkulungwane XVIII emva kwexesha yokuphucula ubuhle nqaba. Kamva apha yaphuka ezininzi iindlela ukuhamba ezintle, amachibi iisoyi kunye iziqithi. Park iye endaweni oluthandayo abantu kwakunye St Petersburg elide. Palace ngumba ophambili e Gatchina, iindleko utyelelo apho kuya kubakho ukususela engange-60 ukuya kwi-120, kuya kukunika amava alibaleke ngokwenene. Kwaye apha wena ngokuqinisekileyo uya ufuna ukubuya ngokuphindaphindiweyo.

Ixesha apha ihamba ngendlela eyahlukileyo, ngomoya eMonastri ephakathi. Ukutyelela Tower ebhotwe, bayiminquba kunye neegadi ngaba ngokwenene va ekhumbulekayo lock umoya knight.