Pushkin: "Mna endiyimisileyo ilitye lesikhumbuzo ngaphandle ngezandla." Imbali yokudalwa, uhlalutyo ngokuphuma wengcibi

Ubuchule A. S. Pushkina kule minyaka yokugqibela yobomi bakhe zahlukahlukene kakhulu: eziyinyani nezingeyonyani zembali, imibongo kwi kwizifundo ezahlukeneyo. Phakathi imisebenzi yakhe yakutshanje ziquka umbongo "Mna ilitye kungengazandla."

Imvelaphi "Monument" kunye entsa ababephila

Bit imibono edidayo malunga kwimbali ukubhala umbongo "endiyimisileyo ilitye lesikhumbuzo."

Pushkin walibhala ukuphendula umbongo "Ababini Alexander", ebhalwe iminyaka umhlobo wakhe lyceum Delwig. Le indalo backstory ekuthiwa mbali ezoncwadi, umphengululi Pushkin Vladislav Felitsianovich Hodasevich.

Okunye zoncwadi-Pushkinists cell iithiyori ezininzi ezibandakanya imvelaphi ukubhala umbongo "Mna ilitye kungengazandla."

Pushkin waxelisa imisebenzi pre-ekhoyo zoncwadi: Derzhavin, A. Vostokova, Lomonosov, Kapnist.

Ithiyori yesibini lisukela emva eRoma yamandulo kuchaphazela umsebenzi Horace, bacule umbhali Exegi monumentum.

Lo mbongo ziqondeka bexesha kunye nenzala antsonkothileyo.

Ukukholelwa ukuvunywa kukuba umsebenzi wakhe, kuqatshelwe zokuza uthando kunye nokwamkelwa kwabantwana - izihloko ezibandakanyiweyo kulo mbongo, ezibonwe yi ngexesha yengqele imbongi. Ekubeni self-kukuzukiswa boncwadi iitalente zobuqu zange ehlonitshwa kakhulu. Lokuthi, ngokokubona zabo, kwaye benza imisebenzi Pushkin.

"Endiyimisileyo ilitye lesikhumbuzo ngaphandle ezandleni" abalandeli umbhali kuye alubonwanga umhobe izibongo kunye nethemba uloyiso ngokomoya phezu sokubetha.

"Monument" kwaye bayahlelwa imbongi

kwafumaneka imveliso equlunqwayo imfumba yamaphepha emva kokufa wembongi. Vasily Zhukovsky wanceda umbongo ivele ekuqokeleleni Kubala ngemisebenzi ekuchubekeni kaThixo (1841).

Pushkin wabhala: "Mna endiyimisileyo ilitye lesikhumbuzo ngaphandle izandla" Kwiinyanga nje ezintlanu ngaphambi kokuba ezimbini zokucwangcisa, sibi, nto leyo eyaba unobangela wokufa kwakhe; lo mbongo-Agasti 21, 1836 Lo msebenzi uqikelelo esibulalayo esondelayo ukufa.

On ball New Year i-Alexander wayifunda "Monument 'yakhe.

umbongo Pushkin kaThixo, ukuze conceptualize bayahlelwa imbongi kwi bemilo imbali yabantu wabhala, yilahleko kuye iminyaka: bayawuphosa phezulu ngeengalo kuye, tsarist ukuhluza lyutovali yaye akuvumelekanga ukuba ukushicilela inkoliso yomsebenzi, uluntu wempangelo yaxoxa yayingengomarhe athethwe ngaye kunye nenkosikazi yakhe, kwaye nobomi iintsapho ng. Mhlawumbi eli bume nempembelelo ngokoluvo anzongonzongo, cala uya kuhlola igalelo lobuqu nangezakhono uncwadi ekuchubekeni.

Self-isigqebelo kunye epigram?

Abantu kufuphi Aleksandru Sergeevichu, imboniselo ukuba imveliso izaliswe amanqaku self-indida. Bayibiza "Monument" epigram, into leyo Pushkin ngokwakhe.

Ukungqinwa lo mbono, eyona njongo mbongo: ibhekiswa wembongi, umsebenzi wakhe linokunyhashwa phakathi esizwe, nangona kufuneka ukuba naziphi ndakuyibona.

Memoirist Peter Vyazemsky ngqo kwi "isigqebelo" kwengcamango mbongo "endiyimisileyo ilitye lesikhumbuzo." Pushkin and Vyazemsky babengabahlobo, ngoko umgxeki yoncwadi anyanzelisa phezu ukuwafunda lwe abalandeli imveliso. Wathi ukuba akukho ityala ilifa lokomoya noncwadi, naphezu ukuqatshelwa yoluntu ngokwayo. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ababephila, leyo basonta kwizangqa imbongi ngokuphandle wayengathandi nje umntu. Kodwa ke ngaxeshanye walibona ikhono elikhulu ezinobuchule i Pushkin.

"Endiyimisileyo ilitye lesikhumbuzo, kungengazandla," yaye icala "eyimfihlakalo".

sokuba ukufa

Abaxhasi le nguqulo "eyimfihlakalo" noluvo lokuba lo mbongo yi kwingqikelelo ukufa ezayo wembongi, leyo wayesazi kwangaphambili. Ukususela kweso sikhundla kunye ligatya inguqulelo Viazemsky yemisebenzi isigqebelo, sinokuthi ukuba i "Monument" lowo umnqophiso yokomoya Pushkin.

Umbono bubutshintshe kanjani ubomi imbongi kaThixo nje kuphela, kodwa umsebenzi wakhe. Umbhali wemidlalo wayesazi ukuba izizukulwana ezizayo ngodumo nje imbeko kuye, kodwa ke ziya kuqwalaselwa onokubaxelisa.

Kukho kwakhona ngokwesithethe elide phambi kokuba ntlekele yabo indlela yobomi Alexander wayesazi ntoni ngosuku oluthile kwaye ukuba ulinde ntoni ixesha ngosuku lokufa. Ithi ukufa kwi ezandleni kwabazinwele baziincamisa ke yaqikelela abaxeli-mathamsanqa.

Sokuba esondelayo ukufa yaye befuna ngamafuphi ubomi bakhe, Pushkin wathetha mthombo ifikeleleke ngokwabo - usiba - yaye babhala "Monument".

Pushkin. Lo mbongo "Mna ilitye kungengazandla." Ucalulo olufutshane

hero lyrical ingabizwa ka-Alexander Sergeyevich. Eli bali bayahlelwa umbhali, kuqwalaselwa ngokwemeko kwimbali yabantu, kunye negalelo olulandela uncwadi.

Le mbongi unikwa ingcamango malunga indawo inikwa kuye kweli hlabathi, yintoni uhlobo lolwalamano idala nabahlali kunye nabafundi. Enethemba ukuba yinkcitha kuphando enobuchule inhliziyo yakho, akabanga lilize kwaye uya kuncedakala izizukulwana ezizayo. Enethemba ukuba emva kokufa uya kukhunjulwa, "Hayi, bonke andiyi kufa."

Kwakhona siphakamise umba kulo mbongo imbongi kunye nemibongo, nodumo kwimibongo nelifa enkondlo. Pushkin wabhala ukuba imbongi iya kubeyisa nokufa lemveli yendalo kunye nokunakana mva.

Umgca ngamnye i "lesikhumbuzo" eqonda kunye neqhayiya yokuba kwimibongo imbongi yaba simahla yaye azithanda: ". ndiyaluzukisa inkululeko nenceba kwabawayo"

A umbongo i epigraph Exegi monumentum (kule leyini. "Ndiye ndakhulisa lesikhumbuzo"), kwelinye icala, lizele imibala eqaqambileyo kunye nokuzila, personifying ubomi obungunaphakade zobugcisa, kodwa kwelinye icala, oko isuntswana ongemhle belusizi, ngenxa yokuba le ngoma nenkuku yamanzi wembongi, izibalo isiphumo komsebenzi ubugcisa, leyo Pushkin naye.

"Endiyimisileyo ilitye lesikhumbuzo ngaphandle ngezandla." incazelo bokubeka

Umbongo yi kwisingqi isandi nga kubizwa ngokuba kade, lo ngonyawo lonwabu ulunika isingqisho ezinde. Le isiphumo yimpumelelo ngenxa ubungakanani yivesi enye (pentameter iambic kunye), bawela rhyme ogqibeleleyo quatrains (quatrains), ukutshintsha izicengcelezo ngobufazi nobudoda.

Ezininzi zosasazo zobugcisa nabo wanceda ukuyila imo evumayo kulo msebenzi. Phakathi kwabo ukuze kuchazwe: anaphora (imigca edinonachatie), inversion (reverse order of amagama), imingcelele amalungu efanayo.

Ithoni obubalaseleyo imisebenzi kuphunyezwe epithets: "lesikhumbuzo kungengazandla," izikweko "umphefumlo uthuthu wam uya kusinda kunye ukubola run kude" nabadlali "Ndithelekelele ... indumiso banyelise eyamkelekileyo ongenandaba abazange ingxabano isidenge" tiga "esi sandi ngam uya kuqhubeka lonke Russia enkulu. " Esebenzisa le lungelelanisa ziquka ukusetyenziswa rhoqo Slavonicisms (Kunini na, imbongi, intloko, waphakamisa).

Ngokusekelwe zobugcisa, ukuqhama lungelelanisa zombongo, kusengqiqweni ukugqiba ekubeni, njengoko kwangaphambili, noAlesandire, wadala imisebenzi yakhe ezizayo "lesikhumbuzo ngaphandle izandla." Pushkin waphila, uhlala yaye uya kuphila ngemisebenzi ebhaliweyo.