Reserve "Big Kokshaga" - ihlabathi entlango

indawo Huge eluhlaza kunye bathuleyo reserve ekhoyo nechazwe ukuba lonke ihlabathi ephilileyo, ukukhusela kunye uthando nobubele.

World imvelo reserved - reserve "Big Kokshaga"

indawo Top "Big Kokshaga" Kubonakala ngathi kukho kwikhaphethi eluhlaza engaphele ndawo, convolutions lwaluthungwa imilambo (njenge ngomsonto enyulu eluhlaza), Zinokuxutywa amachibi. Apha amahlathi amakhulu ashinyeneyo Zinokuxutywa imigxobhozo kunye amadlelo.

Crown imithi pine olugobileyo kufakwe yimithi yompayina eluhlaza emnyama kunye birches nokuthantamisa ezibhityileyo. Kukho le emphethweni kwaye elinye igama elihle - amaHlathi Zavolzhe.

History of indalo, ezindawo

Ngowe-1993, xa p. IVolga River (uviko ngasekhohlo) wadalwa yimvelo reserve karhulumente "Big Kokshaga" Umhlaba 21.4 hectares Kubhaliwe ibekwe neekhilomitha ezingama-40 entshona kwekomkhulu Mari El (Yoshkar-Ola) kwiindawo Kilemarsky kunye Medvedev. Ngaphambi koko, Mari El iMari reserve. Noko ke, warhawuka ngokupheleleyo 1972 kulo, nobushushu nokoma kwehlobo.
Eyona injongo yokudala indawo ekhuselekileyo - ukukhuselwa kwamahlathi kumda phakathi hlathi southern kunye namahlathi avuthulukayo.

Lo mmandla emelwe amathafa (emlanjeni kunye glaciolacustrine). Ingongoma eliphezulu komhlaba - 132,2 m ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle.

Xa iyonke kukho umlambo Big Kokshaga yi imilambo malunga-20 kunye nemisinga.
I indawo yolondolozo ibekwe amachibi 3 - Kosheer, Kapsino kunye Shusher. Le yokugqibela - kunazo. Xa fomu, yinto isipili mbhoxo, m yayo ubude 1250, ububanzi kweemitha 600. Eli chibi linzulu kakhulu (15 m), imvelaphi karst. Bazaliswa amanzi omlambo ngexesha kwezikhukhula entwasahlobo.

Iimeko zemozulu of abangaxhalabisiyo lizwekazi, kunye ehlotyeni kakuhle eshushu ebusika epholileyo kunye kuneqabaka olomeleleyo.

Uninzi emlanjeni Kokshaga, ehlathini

Uninzi Kokshaga - umlambo inkulu elo lizwe, nto leyo uviko lasekhohlo lomlambo. IVolga. Unqumle kummandla egciniweyo kwi nxalenye umbindi kuyo.

Lo mlambo, ethe wafumana igama ngemvelo myezo, kuba Umthambo amanzi ezingundoqo.
On emeraldi umbala amanzi ongasemva entle kwi Ugu liphuma emiterebhintini iingangamsha - ubuhle kunye neqhayiya myezo.

Unique oki wezandyondyo uluntu oluzinzileyo. Apha kukho endala, uyakwazi uxelele oki amandulo, yaye amahlumelo abaselula.

Reserve "Big Kokshaga" ibandakanya isikakhulu amahlathi, wangapandle indawo yayo emikhulu - 95% yommandla. Amahlathi nakolu pine, ezimila ngokwemvelo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo yokusingqongileyo. Le yesibini ngobukhulu izinto ezinde. Bona kanye wabonakala phezu endle cut okanye zizitshise umlilo amahlathi, oko kukuthi, ukuba aphakamileyo.

Eli hlathi imilo kwezi ndawo ukunika nespruce, abahlala 7.5% ye ebekelwe nokuba ephawulekayo imithi ukungcola hardwood (Aspen, ezinde, Linden).

ikakhulu ukuba ibekwe ezintlanjeni imilambo kwinxalenye esemantla reserve.

Ukwahluka enezityalo nezilwanyana

Reserve "Big Kokshaga" iqulethe emahlathini zayo, amadlelo kunye imigxobhozo iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-700 zezityalo, ezimele malunga nesiqingatha iyonke ekhoyo kwi-Republic of Mari El.

Banzi nelezihlambo eqhelekileyo kumgxobhozo wambu ezinde alder. On kwiindawo ezincinane basike wezandyondyo ibekwe.

ihlathi Pine ligcwele ubulembu kunye ulele. Kukho ikwafunyanwa iintlobo malunga 200 ezahlukeneyo ulwelwe, ulele malunga iintlobo 250. I zazenziwe - Tsetrariya Laurer, Lobar yemiphunga nezengekho usnea liqhuma.

Kodwa kukho fungi ezininzi eziqhelekileyo kulo mmandla wolondolozo, kwaye kwintsimi wabafumana iintlobo ezininzi ezinqabileyo: Osinovik emhlophe, Hericium staghorn kunye nabanye.

Ngokuqhelekileyo Forest Reserve fauna limelwe misebenzi ilandelayo: iielk ezininzi, nembila, iiprotheni, zehlathi. Zihlala apha nezidla: marten, polecat, ermine, maxa wambi ibhere emdaka neNgcuka.

Iintaka inikezwe icula, icula, milenge ezingwevu, ookhwalimanzi, Owl, lokhozi kunye nabanye abaninzi. . Njl Zihlala apha kunye neentaka Book oluBomvu: nesangxa njengeyona, nengwamza omnyama, nenkqo, inyoka ukhozi.

esisityebi kunene izipho ezimangalisayo nature reserve. "Uninzi Kokshaga" ikhusela kwaye lugcina yokuhlala lweentlobo ezisengozini zezityalo. It itshazile epipogium, Dactylorhiza Baltic kunye neentlobo ezingaphezu kwama-11 orchid kumantla emangalisayo intle. Le mbono idumileyo kwiRiphabliki - Slipper linenekazi elihle likaThixo. Ukususela ukuntshula imbewu esi sityalo emangalisayo phambi kweentyatyambo lwenzeka ukuya kwiminyaka eli-17!

nezityalo Rare

Cloudberry ikhula ezintle kweli lizwe kuphela kulo myezo. Le sikhula isityalo ukusuka ice yobudala. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba nequnube oluthandayo imbongi Russian omkhulu Alexander Pushkin.

Enye ummeli yezityalo ezindala Chilim uya ezidadayo (okanye Water nezompleyini), nto leyo uhlala Shusher echibini efudumeleyo.

"Uninzi Kokshaga" - yolondolozo lwendalo. Yalondolozwa iisampulu yamandulo kotyani.

Uhlobo ezinqabileyo Reserve (enemithi) - zompopulari omhlophe (okanye Populus nigra), efumaneka wezandyondyo omlambo Big Kokshaga. Kukho ezinye iintlobo zezityalo ezininzi ezidweliswe kwi-Book oluBomvu: multifidum sceptridium, equnubeni, akhazimlayo-Baranez, Sundew dlinnolistaya (isityalo-irhamncwa) kunye Dianthus Superbus.

I-Reserve kubalulekile kuba indalo kwiindawo velisa ngemithetho yaso, ngaphandle koncedo lomntu. Ngaphezu koko, eli xabiso kwandisa kunye nobudala.

Simbonga oovimba emva kwexesha elithile, xa ihlathi endala uya kunqunyulwa phantsi kakhulu, uya kukwazi ukuthelekisa uhlalutye indlela abantu kunye nempucuko nefuthe indalo ephawulekayo acwengileyo, yaye yintoni kusenokwenzeka ukuba ngaphandle nempembelelo kuyo.