Rob Heyerdahl: iincwadi, okuhamba kunye biography. Ngubani na Aqui Heyerdahl?

Thina namhlanje ukuze aqhelane omnye wabantu edume kakhulu kwinkulungwane XX - Aqui Heyerdahl. Le semvelaphi Norwegian abanegama kubulela ihlabathi zobuntlola kwiindawo ezingaqhelekanga kunye neencwadi ezininzi ezinikelwe ngohambo lwakhe kunye nophando. Ke ukuba uninzi lwabemi bethu bayazi impendulo yombuzo ngubani na kohor Heyerdahl, iinkcukacha ubomi bakhe ngabantu, onolwazi ezimbalwa. Ngoko ke, sijonga le ndoda omkhulu ngakumbi.

Rob Heyerdahl: photo, ubuntwana

Ihlabathi edumileyo Isazinzulu elizayo kunye mhambi, wazalwa ngo-Oktobha 6, 1914 kwidolophu encinane Norwegian ebizwa Larvik. Kunika umdla ukuba intsapho Heyerdahl ngokuba oonyana ogama Tour. Noko ke, nangona ukuba intloko-ntsapho - umnini-utshwala, kwakunye unina - Abasebenzi olondolozo lwembali yabantu, umtshato wabo waye emithathu ilandelelana, kwaye bathe bakhulisa abantwana abasixhenxe, yaba unyana omncinane, kwagqitywa ekubeni igama ukhenketho estate usapho. UYise, xa wayesele indoda eyalupheleyo (ngexesha lokuzalwa unyana wakhe wayeneminyaka engama-50 ubudala), kufuneka izibonelelo ezaneleyo Kungovuyo olukhulu waya eYurophu. Xa uhambo bakhe kwakuza nenkwenkwe. Kwakhona umama wayeyithanda Tour hayi ndihlanjwe kuphela sibonise uthando kunye ingqalelo, kodwa benza nemfundo yakhe. Kuyinto ngenxa yakhe, inkwenkwe wavuka umdla ekuqaleni kakhulu ngezilwanyana. ngehlombe ekhuthazwa Abazali abanjalo kwakhokelela yokuba kohor Heyerdahl wadala ikhaya encinane Zoological Museum, lo mboniso bendalo leyo irhamba eyimitha. Kwaba apha, kwaye izinto ezininzi ezinomdla, savela kumazwe akude. Ngoko ke ayothusi into yokuba iindwendwe beze usapho Heyerdahl nje ikomityi yeti, kodwa ukhenketho encinane.

ulutsha

Emva kokushiya isikolo ngo-1933, kohor Heyerdahl wangena University of Oslo kwisebe umyezo, ukuba akukho namnye kwizalamane bakhe bamangaliswa. Ngoxa ukufunda eyunivesithi, waza wachitha ixesha elininzi ozithandayo ngezilwanyana, kodwa ngokuthe ngcembe waqala ukufumana iinkcubeko inxaxheba kwaye yamandulo kunye nempucuko. Yaba ngeli xesha yena weza kwisigqibo sokuba umntu mihla besililibele malunga izithethe ubudala ubudala kunye nemithetho, ekugqibeleni kukhokelele uthotho yeemfazwe fratricidal. Hi ndlela leyi, i-Tour iye yaqinisekisa nentembelo kuyo de kwimizuzu lokugqibela yokuphila kwakhe.

Link to ukuzulazula

Ekupheleni izinyanga ezisixhenxe Heyerdahl uthole nesithukuthezi eyunivesithi. Ngapha koko, ngelo xesha sele beyazi Encyclopedic ngokwenene, ezinye aba bamamkeleyo kubazali babo, yaye abanye sibamba ngokufunda oluzimeleyo imiba eyahlukeneyo. Ufuna ukwenza uphando yabo, ukuba bahambe kwiziqithi akude exotic. Ngakumbi kuba abahlobo bakhe kunye nabaxhasi Hjalmar ngokumileyo noChristine Bonnevie, kunye omzalayo athi adibane ngexesha uhambo oluya Berlin, babekulungele ukunceda okuququzelela hambo kwiziqithi basePolynesia ukufumanisa ukuba ingaba abameli izilwanyana abahlala kwezi ndawo namhlanje. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, olu hambo kuba nzulu mfana God nje kuphela, kodwa betshatile. Ngapha koko, phambi ukuhamba kohor Heyerdahl watshata umfundi lwe-Faculty of Economics - ubuhle Liv Coucheron Thorpe. Liv yaba adventuress efanayo, ukuba umyeni wakhe. Kulo mzekelo, oku kuphela ihamba uhambo uhambo lwakhe, kodwa ke umncedisi othembekileyo, njengoko usebenzise ngaphambili iincwadi ezininzi zezilwanyana kunye Polynesia.

Journey ku Fatu Hiva

Ngenxa yoko, ngowe-1937, kohor Heyerdahl kunye nomfazi wakhe Liv waya kunxweme ezikude wesiqithi wesiPolynesia ka Fatu Hiva. Apho bafunda ephila endle, ukuba ukuhlangana abantu basekuhlaleni kunye nokwenza uphando lwezenzululwazi. Noko ke, emva konyaka, isibini kwafuneka ukuba ziphazamise ngohambo lwakhe. Into yokuba i-Tour okokuba uyichole kakhulu isifo esiyingozi, kodwa Liev abakhulelweyo. Ngoko ke, ngo-1938, abaphandi abatsha babuyela eNorway. Ngoko yaphela uhambo lokuqala edume Heyerdahl. Kweli uhambo, wathi kwincwadi yakhe ethi "Ukufuna of Paradise", yakhululwa ngo-1938. Ngowe-1974, i-Tour ipapashe kuguqulelo eyandisiweyo lo msebenzi, ogama "Fatu Hiva."

Ukuya Canada

Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa emva kokubuya Fatu Khiva Liv wazala unyana, othe wanikwa igama yasekhaya tour. Emva omnye konyaka, esi sibini wazalelwa unyana wesibini - Bjorn. Intloko mkhaya waqhubeka nomsebenzi wakhe lwenzululwazi, kodwa ngokuthe ngcembe waqalisa ukuba abantu abaninzi, hayi izilwanyana. Ngenxa yoko, abo baya Polynesia ingcali yenzululwazi, isazi, semvelaphi, wabuyela kwilizwe lakhe. Injongo yakhe elitsha ukufumana impendulo yombuzo indlela yeAfrica wamandulo ukusuka eMelika Polynesia. Okanye mhlawumbi oko nje esahlukileyo? Ngoko Heyerdahl wagqiba ukuya eKhanada, kuloo ndawo apho amaNdiya ahlala ngaphambili. Ke noko, wayethembe ukuba kukho into ugcinwe izithethe yamandulo Oomatiloshe. Noko ke, nangona i-Tour umgama entshonalanga eKhanada, yena akazange akwazi ukufumana ulwazi oluyimfuneko.

IMfazwe Yehlabathi II

Ngexesha uhambo, Heyerdahl e Canada, iMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Ngenxa ngokuthanda oyinyaniso, Tour wafuna ukuziphendulela kwilizwe lawo nxamnye notshaba. Ukuze wenze oku, wafudukela eUnited States abhalisela kwinkonzo yasemkhosini. Ngexesha lemfazwe, Heyerdahl sasihlala kuqala kwi-US, waza ke waya UK.

Ukuhamba Rob Heyerdahl: uhambo "Kon-ziitiki"

Ngowe-1946, i-nzulu unomdla into entsha, wayekholelwa ukuba kumaxesha amandulo, American Indians akwazi ukudada ukuba iziqithi Pacific Ocean isihlenga. Nangona indlela elibi inxalenye mbali, Tour acwangcise uhambo ebizwa "Kon-ziitiki" kwaye abonise ukuba umsulwa. Ngapha koko, yena neqela lakhe wakwazi ukufumana kwi isihlenga ukusuka ePeru ukuba Taumotu kwiziqithi lencinibakazi. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, izazinzulu ezininzi wala ukukholwa konke konke into yokuba uhambo olude Sibonile de ezifotwe documentary umboniso hambo. Emva ekhaya, Heyerdahl umtshato nomfazi wakhe Liv, ngubani kungekudala watshata American osisityebi. Ukhenketho na kwiinyanga ezimbalwa kamva utshata Yvonne Dedek-Simonsen, owathi kamva wamzalela neentombi ezintathu.

Journey Easter Island

Heyerdahl akasoze ukuhlala ixesha elide kwindawo enye. Ngoko ke, ngo-1955 wahlela hambo zakudala Easter Island. Kwakugcwele izenze lobuchwepheshe eNorway. Ngexesha lo mkhankaso we Tour kunye noogxa bakhe beqhuba iinyanga ezimbalwa siqithi, ukuhlola iziza zibaluleke zakudala. Ujoliso lomsebenzi wabo ihlawulwe ngenxa nangokukrola amalinge, intshukumo kunye nofakelo nemifanekiso abaziwayo moai. Ukongeza, abaphengululi ababandakanyekayo kwimingxuma kwi uplands kunye Poike Orongo. Ngokutsho imiphumo yomsebenzi wabo, amalungu ohambo apapasha inani lwamanqaku yenzululwazi wabeka isiseko ukufundisisa Easter Island, oluqhubekeka unanamhla. Kwaye Aqui Heyerdahl, ogama iincwadi ihlale impumelelo enkulu, wabhala enye ethengwa osihloko sithi "Aku-Aku".

"Ra" yaye "Ra II of"

Ngasekupheleni-imi- 60 kohor Heyerdahl waba nomdla ingcamango yaselwandle ngesikhephe yeengcongolo. Ngowe-1969, umhloli indefatigable sanduluka ukuya kwimizobo yamandulo baseYiputa lwaluboniswa inqanawa ebizwa ngokuba "Ra" kwi uhambo ngaphesheya Atlantic. Noko ke, ngenxa yokuba lo watercraft kwenziwe kweengcongolo umKushe ka, nto intle ngokukhawuleza nowento ekroqiweyo, ebangela amalungu hambo kwafuneka ukuba babuye umva.

kunyaka olandelayo emva isikhephe yesibini phezu kwamanzi, ngokuba "Ra II». Kuye kwagqitywa kuthathelwa ingqalelo iimpazamo elidlulileyo. Bi Heyerdahl kanye kwakhona laphumelela, ngomkhombe Morocco ukuya Barbados. Ngaloo ndlela wakwazi libe lonke ihlabathi kuluntu lwezenzululwazi, ukuba oomatiloshe wamandulo idade phesheya kolwandle phantsi ngomkhombe, esebenzisa elikwiiCanary Current. Uhambo "Ra II» kwakukho nabameli abavela kumazwe ahlukeneyo, wayephakathi apho umhambi odumileyo Soviet kaYuri Senkevich.

"Vekele"

Yaziwa kwaye yenye kohor Heyerdahl iphenyane ebizwa ngokuba "vekele". Le umphandi a watercraft wakha neengcongolo 1977 ukusuka. indlela umkhankaso waya Iraq ukuya kunxweme Pakistan uze emva koko waya kuLwandle oluBomvu. Ngenxa yale yaselwandle, kohor Heyerdahl wazibonakalisa ukuba kungenzeka ubukho korhwebo kunye yokufuduka abafowunelwa phakathi kweMilambo kunye impucuko Indiya. Ekupheleni umphandi umkhankaso wayitshisa isikhephe sakhe bekhalaza nxamnye ukuya emfazweni.

A umphengululi ngokungakhathali

Bi Heyerdahl wayesoloko ndiyilangazelela amazwe. Andizange ungayitshintshi wena iminyaka engama-80. Ngoko ke, ngo-1997, ukuze ahlangabezane umhlobo omdala waya compatriot wethu, yaye ilungu hambo "Ra II» - kaYuri Senkevich. Njengenxalenye yeprogram "Abahambi 'Club", wabonisa abaphulaphuli apho aphambukele Aqui Heyerdahl. Iqhawe ibali libaliswa kwizicwangciso zakhe ezininzi, phakathi leyo olunye uhambo Easter Island.

kwiminyaka yakutshanje

Bi Heyerdahl, womfundisi esisityebi kunene kunye neziganeko eyahlukeneyo kunye yaso ogama waqhubeka ekhuthele kude kuse ebudaleni ikwandim kakhulu. Oku kukwasebenza ebomini bakhe. Ngoko ke, ngo-1996, eneminyaka eyi-82, omnye umphengululi odumileyo nomphandi umtshato nomfazi wakhe wesibini azeke ongumdlali French Zhaklin Bir. Kunye nenkosikazi yakhe wafudukela Tenerife, apho ethenga ipomakazi lendlu enkulu, wakha kwiinkulungwane ngaphezu amathathu eyadlulayo. Apha uyayithanda igadi kunye waphikelela ukuba sebhayoloji ezilungileyo uphume kuyo.

Wafa omkhulu kohor Heyerdahl ngowe-2002 eneminyaka engama-87 ukusuka ithumba ebuchotsheni. Kule mizuzu yokugqibela yobomi bakhe, yena engqongwe ngumfazi wakhe sesithathu kunye nabantwana babo abahlanu.