Saint Sophia Cathedral e Kiev - nakumasiko Ukraine ukuba

Xa intliziyo Kiev tywa ukwakhiwa okubalulekileyo Kievan Rus - St. Nozipho Cathedral, akumangalisi wafumana uluhlu UNESCO kuyo. Le tempile ngokwenene umdla khethekileyo, isiqwenga kwimbali nenkcubeko yabantu Ukrainian. Unyaka zolwakhiwo yecawa ayaziwa: abanye abaphandi ke kuqhelekile ukucinga ukuba wayakha Yaroslav Mudry, ngoxa abanye bathi ukwakhiwa phantsi Prince Vladimir. Enoba yayiyintoni na, kodwa, nangona ekwaluphaleni kwakhe, phantse 1,000 kweminyaka, lo dostoyal etempileni ukuya namhlanje.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba St. Sophia Cathedral e Kiev yakhiwa malunga nexesha elinye kunye Hagia Nozipho kaConstantinople. ibandla Ukrainian kwakhiwa ngathi yecawa of Our Lady Oranta ukuba eConstantinople. Ukwakhiwa St. Sophia Cathedral e Kyïv waba kuphelelwe uloyiso phezu Pechenegs of Kiev, kwisiza lokulwa esithatha wamisa itempile. ngezakhiwo na embhoxo isimbo yaseByzantium, ngaphandle kwezinye bokuqonda, ngoko ke kulindeleke ukuba kwakhiwe yayo acelwa iingcibi evela eConstantinople.

Saint Sophia Cathedral e Kiev, hayi kanye phezu kwala kancane zokufa. Ngokuba ke ixesha lokuqala etempileni bahlaselwa Andrew Bogolyubskii ngo-1169, ngoko ke yecawa phantse atshiswe emhlabeni ngexesha umlilo 1180. Hlokondiba of Batu Khan ngo-1240 nayo yaba nefuthe elibi ngobume ibandla, izinto ezininzi ngexesha lokwenzeka ebiweyo okanye yatshatyalaliswa. Xa XV Ngenkulungwane St. Sophia Cathedral e Kiev baseFree yi-iCrimea nangezinto. Emva koko kwafika ixesha ukuhla. Ukuvuselelwa ibandla bangenela Ivan Mazepa ngenkulungwane XVII.

Embindini sonto nangoku emnandi nangokusebenzayo khange ubunzima ekonakalisweni kunye nexesha. Iindonga isagciniwe nangoku esekelwe ezininzi, amibala kunye graffiti. Kukho umzobo eyenziwe ngomnye artists aseByzantium kwinkulungwane XI, oko kukuthi, xa lwakwakhiwa yokoqobo itempile. Umsebenzi kakhulu-walondoloza kaMoses, mbala yabo esisityebi kunene yaye iquka ukuya imibala-170. Le esekelwe baye basinda, hayi zonke, yaye uninzi lwabo sele zihlaziyiwe kwinkulungwane XVII. Abanye kubo kwinkulungwane XIX zaye icocwe kwifom yoqobo kunye wayifulela ioli phezu iinkosi ngomfanekiso ukupeyinta eyonakeleyo za.

Saint Sophia Cathedral e Kiev waba indawo apho iintsalela yeenkosana Kievan Rus. Kubonakele ukuba sarcophagus Yaroslava Mudrogo, unyana wakhe Vsevolod, kunye nabazukulwana - Vladimir Monomakh kunye Rostislav Vsevolodovich. Icawa igcinwe zezinto ezifana "Cap of Monomakh", ukuba noVladimir wanika umlawuli yaseByzantium, kwakunye Umnqamlezo, savela eConstantinople, ukumkanikazi Olga.

Nokufika urhulumente waseSoviet kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini St. Sophia Cathedral e Kiev egrogriswa intshabalalo. Nangona ezikhumbuzo ezininzi inkcubeko zamaKristu zikrazukile nje phantsi, kodwa ibandla umele eFransi, emva kokuba umfazi kaKumkani uHenry I, uAna, intombi ka-Yaroslava Mudrogo, umseki isonto. Ngowe-1934 kwagqitywa ukwenza imyuziyam-reserve apha.

Nozipho Cathedral kunye namhlanje imyuziyam, ngenxa yesi sizathu, akangowakhe kuwo nawuphi na umbutho yonqulo yiyo. Unqulo yenziwa kanye kuphela ngonyaka - phezu Suku of Independence of Ukraine, ngoAgasti 24, ngoko ukuqokelela abameli ngomb ukuba bathandazela intlalo-ntle yeli lizwe.