State Reserve Upper taz

Upper taz Reserve - umlinganiselo ukuba indalo, nokuba kwiindawo ngqwabalala uhlala enyanisekile yena ukuze usinde, ukuqala umjikelo omtsha kweentyatyambo entwasahlobo. Inye kuphela yena akanako ukuma, yinto umnqweno abantu ukuzihlutha abona ngayo ubutyebi bayo. Oyile negesi ibandakanya kwamahlathi gasket iindlela asphalted kunye nokwakhiwa lwedolophu.

Ukugcina ubuhle obumangalisayo kunye neyantlukwano le enezityalo nezilwanyana kummandla Yamalo-Nenets ukusuka ngokuhlaselwa abantu 1986 ziye babesabelwa umhlaba baze balungiselele Upper taz State Reserve.

Imbali ilizwe ekhuselweyo

Akuthandeki ukuba Ingingqi Yamal-Nenets zibonakala abantu banobubele, owayevele eshushu. Eneneni, ummandla Tyumen, leyo yena, ihlobene ebantwini ne yingozi kuneqabaka abo obomi, ehlotyeni amafutshane kunye negesi neoli.

Enyanisweni, ukuba inxalenye enkulu wesithili ibekwe ngaphakathi Arctic Circle akuthethi ukuba akukho ubomi. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, oku apha ihlalwa 70% yobonelelo yehlabathi whitefish kunye kumathafa ithatha nezigidi ezingama-50 hectares amaxhama ezaziphila.

Ukugcina okusingqongileyo kanye yamandulo ngenxa yongcoliseko kunye kwintshabalalo, abantu abavela kwimibutho eyahlukeneyo wajoyina imikhosi, kangangokuba 631.308 eehektare zomhlaba sivakaliswe kwizowuni ezikhuselweyo. Ngokubanzi, apha phantsi yokhuseleko hayi Umgcini kuphela ummandla Tyumen, i-Upper taz, umzekelo, kodwa 36 zolondolozo karhulumente kunye ezikhumbuzo zendalo 50. Ezi iindawo yesityebi kuphela oyile negesi, kwaye kubalulekile ukuba kulawulo eli lizwe zengingqi kunye norhulumente simanyene yokuba iindawo entlango ezikhuselweyo zibe ezinkulu.

Okwangoku, i-Upper taz Reserve yahlulwe iinxalenye ezimbini, enye apho, entla, kufutshane kwidolophana Ratta, kwaye ke ngoko ngokuba 'amahlathi Rattinskim ". Eyesibini kuthiwa "namahlathi Pokolskim 'imbeko pokolku emlanjeni. Umsebenzi ophambili wabasebenzi reserve entsha kwiminyaka yokuqala ikhona sele cordons kujikelezo ukuthintela kwemikhombe kwaye kwamahlathi.

loCwangciso lweMihlaba

Umda Reserve eyahlula ukusuka abaseleyo mmandla, yaye bakholisa mayixhotyiswe kwizindlu yenguqu. Kuba iyimfuneko emva elide esa ndawo, ngakumbi ebusika. Nje abanye babo kwekhaya kwabasebenzi engumbeko, gcina iliso emdeni wabo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, unxibelelwano phakathi kwabo ikhutshwa phandle kuphela ngonomathotholo, uthabathe imveliso efunekayo okanye imithi ukuya kwizindlu ezidlulayo ungakwazi noba ezithunyelwa yi iphenyane mafutha okanye ntaka.

A iminyaka zokuhlola kusala kuyo ukuxhobisa ngokupheleleyo Umda ojikeleze le Upper taz Reserve kunye namhlanje iqulathe cordons 6:

• Lower kunye Upper Pokolskogo.
• Kellogg ne Yazev.
• Rattovskogo ne Pyulky.

Sebenza kwiindawo ezikhuselweyo lukhulu. Umsebenzi ophambili kukuba ukongamela labemi iintaka kunye nezilwanyana, nokukhuselwa loo mmandla abangenamvume kunye nakubaxholi imithi.

indawo namahlathi

Territory kwendawo egciniweyo zingahlulwa zibe kwimimandla yendalo. Ekubeni uninzi ekuhlala amahlathi (534 955 ha), iintlambo ukubonakalsa bandise ukuba nje kwama-96 000 eehektare, kwaye impahla zexabiso - kumgxobhozo - luya kuba 90.713 hectares.

Ezi zinto zombini yabelana pokolku ihlathi umlambo Ratta, kodwa ngokubanzi, kummandla lonke dissected yimilambo amancinci nemiwonyo. indawo Water lugubungela 5.5 hectares.

Kwimpuma yale nasentshonalanga zaseSiberia apho Upper taz Reserve, alawule bahambe ezindulini ezisemagqagaleni, leyo nasentshonalanga kukufukuka phantse 300 iimitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle. Kulungile ukuba lo ubuhle ibonakala embetha kwenye excursions, leyo yenziwa ukuba abakhenkethi ukuba aqhelane uhlobo lommandla kunye nemfundo ngezommandla.

iimeko zemozulu

Ekubeni Upper taz Reserve, iifoto apho lucaciswa kule nqaku endaweni ka yomhlaba izinto ezo continuous permafrost, ngoko ke lonke ixesha lasebusika apha iintsuku 208. Ukuze komnyaka imozulu lendawo ushiye kwiiveki nje 2-2.5, nangenxa eshushu ehlotyeni - iintsuku 90.

Ngenyanga lishushu kunyaka - Julayi - ubushushu bomoya ngu + 18 ° C, kodwa ngokubanzi imozulu ehlotyeni ishushu ngokwaneleyo ukuze ndawo yaye ifikelela 30 ° C.

Kunzima ukulindela nantonina emntwini imozulu Arctic elungileyo kwaye zibekwe kufutshane kuLwandle Kara, apho amaqondo ebusika angehla ku -59 ° C. Noko ke, abemi kwindawo ekhuselweyo, zombini izilwanyana kunye nezityalo, kuqhubeka ephila kwindawo oqatha ngolu hlobo, kwaye ngexesha elifutshane ngexesha elinye lonyaka ukunika inzala entsha, kunye nabanye - nokukhula.

Abemi egciniweyo

Isiseko se Upper taz reserve kukho amahlathi coniferous, leyo bagqubuthele eehektare ngaphezulu kwama-100,000 le ndawo, apho usoloko umsedare (phantse 90.000 hectares) kunye nokutya (kancinane ngaphezu kwama-15 000 ha). Kukho strip ukukhanya coniferous hlathi olunikiweyo pine kunye larch. Kuyinto kwezi emahlathini kufunyenwe nani likhulu namaqunube neenkowane. Le cranberry "iparadesi" batsalwa kwezi ndawo ibhere elimdaka, capercaillie, icula omnyama, ptarmigan kunye icula.

Ukongeza hlathi, kwi reserve ummandla (ha-40 000) kuhlala imithi zamaxesha athile ngonyaka, oko kukuthi, ezinde, willow, Aspen kunye amatyholo ezininzi. Xa zizonke kukho ezikhulayo iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-150 ubulembu, ngaphezu kwama-300 kwezityalo ezinemigca kunye neentlobo 124 of ulele.

Xa siqwalasela oko kwenzeka kwi Upper-taz isilwanyana Reserve, lomqolo ezisentlabathini kuphela zimelwe apha iintlobo-230. Phakathi kwabo, ingakumbi, ezanyisayo-35 (kubandakanywa 9 - izinto ezidla). Ezi zilwanyana ziqhelekile hlathi kwintshona eSiberia: amabhere mdaka, amaxhama, wolverines, Iimpungutye zinemingxuma makati, weasels kunye chipmunks, nomatse kunye oonomatse eziphaphazelayo eziqhelekileyo, muskrat kunye nabanye. Kukho iintlobo 548 of izinambuzane.

Ngexesha yokufuduka izilwanyana , inani labo liyanda. Umzekelo, iingcuka kuvela xa zifuduka iielk, kunye iimpungutye watyelelwa apha ebusika.

Kule minyaka i-Reserve ezichongiweyo iintlobo 191 zeentaka ezifana zasemanzini kunye ihlathi. Phakathi kwabo: blackbirds, Ujiza, dunnock, wagtails ezimhlophe, Gogol, weentaka zaselwandle, kunye nabanye abaninzi.

Fish imizimba emininzi amanzi emelwe iintlobo-23. Bona kugcwele Salmoniformes besasaza - trout, whitefish, peled, nesalmon whitefish namhlophe. ezirhubuluzayo kukho abameli necilishe viviparous kunye lenyushu eziphila - YamaSilamsi frog kunye intulo laseSiberia.

Umda kwemisebenzi ziko

Umsebenzi ophambili kukuba ukhuseleko foresters basezifama izinto zendalo. Le nto ibandakanya:

• Ukuhlolwa yommandla.
• Lokulawula ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokusebenza zendalo solondolozo, ukukhuselwa nokukotshwa amahlathi.
• Umbutho operation unyaka-round namahlathi kweliso imisebenzi yabantu endaweni yayo.

Le ukulawula ukusetyenziswa kwemithombo yendalo luquka:

• Ban on ukuqhuba uphando neeminerali, yaye nawuphi na umsebenzi nezokukhupha kwezimbiwa.
• Ezingavumelekanga naziphi na izenzo ezihlambela isidima umhlaba yokusetsha kwezimbiwa kunye ores.
• Awukwazi ukuvelisa kwamahlathi ngenjongo yokuba ukuvunwa ngamaplanga kunye Stock phezulu kwimithombo ukutya yehlathi.
• It vala naziphi na izakhiwo kunye neendlela engabandakanywanga inkosi ngecebo myezo.
• Kwakhona kuthintelwe ukusetyenziswa iikhemikhali, ibinza, amalungiselelo ukuze izityalo zikhule.
• Ukubamba abulale izilwanyana, iintaka kunye nezinambuzane akuvumelekanga.
• Awukwazi kwi reserve amalungiselelo izinto ukugcina inkunkuma.
• Ukuqokelelwa umyezo, izimbiwa kunye ngezityalo ingqokelela kuvumelekile kuphela sikhokelo imisebenzi yophando ukufunda abemi kulo myezo.

Umsebenzi ophambili yeendawo hlathi - kukuqinisekisa nokulondoloza iimeko zendalo ekhuthaza ukukhula kwamanani izilwanyana kunye nezityalo.

kwimizila yabakhenkethi

Ukuqhoboshela abantu ukukhusela okusingqongileyo, kuphuhliswa ulawulo ezityhutyhayo reserve ukunyuka intaba ziye, kuquka:

• Selesondele ekuhleni kwayo umlambo kwiidolophana Ratta nje kwilali Ratta (250 km). Indlela yenzelwe iintsuku ezi-5 ezilandelayo umlambo kunye zokumisa ukuba uqhelane kunye nendalo engqongileyo.
• Emva ndawo Pyulky kuthatha iintsuku ezisi-7, njengoko ifumile zokumisa ezininzi kufutshane ezikhumbuzo zendalo kunye nembali.

Ngokweenkqubo ezifana abantu ithuba uqhelane ngokobuhle kunye nobuninzi kulo mmandla.

reserve namhlanje

State Nature Reserve Upper taz - indawo ekhethekileyo apho indalo na engayi impucuko. Le ndlela amanene abantu uxolo ngokuba kusetyenziswa indyebo yalo izimbiwa kunye nezinye ubutyebi kwiinjongo zabo.

Ezikhumbuzo ngaphezulu ezikhuselweyo ilizwe, iindawo yamandulo ngakumbi Bagciniwe mva.