SU-152 - umkhosi weNazi

KwiMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini, i-Wehrmacht yangena, ixhobile kuphela ngamathangi okukhanya. Banele ngokwaneleyo ukuvelisa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuhamba ngokukhawuleza, iimpawu zemfazwe zemibane ka-1939, 1940 no-1941. Imikhosi yamazwe awayexhatshazwa nguHitler ayenomkhosi kunye noomatshini beklasi enye, kwaye kaninzi kuwona mbi.

AmaJamani awela umda we-USSR kunye ne-arsenal efanayo eyenziwa ngamatanki, i-TI, T-II kunye neT-III. I-TI yayixhobile kuphela ngempu yomshini, ezinye iintlobo zeenqwelo zokulwa ziphethe izibhamu ezincinci.

Oko amajoni ase-Wehrmacht ayenayo ithuba lokudibana kwiitanki zokuqala kwiindawo zaseSoviet yayimangalisa. Iisampula ezithathwayo "Zamashumi amathathu" kunye ne-KV zigqithisile kakhulu izinto zonke ezinamandla ezenziwa yiPanfriffeffe kwaye zazisenayo. Ngethuba elikhawulezileyo, umsebenzi waqala ngokuphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza kwezibhamu kunye nezitenki ezinkulu ezinokumelana noomatshini obunzima be-Soviet obuxhotywe ngamashumi amabini angama-75.

Imbali ye-SU-152 yaba yinxalenye yoluhlanga lwengalo jikelele oluye lwaqhubeka kwiminyaka yemfazwe. Le mpi yayingabonakali, yayikhokelwa yiinjineli zamazwe angamaqhawe, emi emva kweepilisi, eqhuba izibalo kubalawuli be-logarithmic.

Ngaphantsi kweminyaka emibini amaJamani adala "i-zoo" ehlanganisa "ama-tigers", "izindlovu", "i-panther" kunye ne "iigundane", nangona kunjalo, kakhulu. Ngezo zonke izicwangciso zabo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha, izixhobo ezinzima zinamathuba amaninzi: zivela kwimida ende zichaneke ngokuchanekileyo iithagethi ezixhobileyo.

IKomiti yeSizwe yoKhuselo ibonelela umsebenzi wekhonkrithi kubaqulunqi baseSoviet: ukudala isibhamu sokuzikhusela esinokukwazi ukutshabalalisa izixhobo zenzanga, ezinezixhobo ezikhuselekileyo kwaye azivumelanga ukuba iitank zethu zisondele. Icala labizelwa kwi-TsKB-2 (iCentral Design Bureau), eyayiqhutywa nguLieutenant Colonel Kotin. Iqela elithile legosa lobunjineli lasele liye, lonke u-1942 babesebenza kwiprojekthi entsha yerank, kwaye i- gear yokusebenza iyonke isele ikulungele. Into eyiseleyo kuphela ukufaka i-152.4 mm ye-ML-20. Ukuzuzisa le mpu, kwaye yafumana igama layo elithobekileyo elithi Soviet SU-152. Isabelo sigqityiwe kwiintsuku ezingama-25.

I-teknoloji yeSoviet yatshitshisa intshaba kungekhona ngegama elikhulu, kodwa ngomsebenzi wayo owonakalisayo. Iprojekti ephantse ibe nekwi-half centered left in the pitch of the trunk kwisantya esikhulu se-600 m / s, siyithumela kumgama we-2 km. Umdlalo ungadubuli nje kuphela ngokukhangela izixhobo kodwa kukwahlukana okuphezulu nokuqhuma kweemakhonkco, okwakubaluleke kakhulu ekusebenziseni kwimisebenzi yempi ehlaselayo. Kwakuyimfuneko ukukhulula imimandla ethandekayo, ukugqithisa imigca eqingqiweyo, ukutshabalalisa iibhokisi zeepilisi, ukucima iibhetri zengqungquthela, kwaye le nto i-SU-152 yokuzikhusela iyiluncedo.

Imfazwe yokuqala yokuqala, apho "i-wort St. John's wort" ithatha inxaxheba, yayiyi-Battle of Kursk. Ukongeza kweso sikhundla sayo esisemthethweni, umatshini wafumana isiteketiso, nangona kunjalo. Kwakufanelekile, ama-Nazi ayenze ngokukhawuleza aziva ukuba ubukhompuyutha obutsha beSoviet, njengoko besithi, kwizihlangu zabo.

Njengomtshabalali wamathangi uSU-152 wabonakala enhle kakhulu. Ukugxotha kwi "Tiger" okanye "Panther" akushiyanga amathuba okuphila okanye iteknoloji okanye ngabasebenzi - iinqaba ezixakekileyo ezikhuselekileyo zivele zihamba ngeenkulungwane zamitha. Iingxaki zazinjalo, nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yendlela esemgangathweni ye-optics yasekhaya. Izinto zokubonga azizange zinikeze ukuchaneka okufunekayo kwi-hit eqinisekisiwe.

Inkxaso yemisebenzi ehlaselayo ayifuni ukuchaneka okuphezulu komlilo, kwaye kunye nalo msebenzi umpu we-Soviet ozikhuselayo we-SU-152 wamphatha ngokugqibeleleyo. Isantya somlilo sinokubonakala siphantsi (kuphela ezimbini ngeenxa zonke ngomzuzu), kodwa omnye kufuneka acinge ngokubaluleka kwebhithamthi ye-pitch ngokunikezelwa ngokwahlukileyo kwegobolondo kunye ne-projectile.

Noko ke, izibhamu ezinzima azifaki kwi-turntable, nangona kunjalo, i-angle yokujika (12 ° kwicala ngalinye) yayanele ngokwalathiso kwiindawo zombini ezivaliweyo nezivulekileyo.

I-SU-152 izibhamu ezizimele zenza inxaxheba ekuhlaselweni eBerlin. Nangona bengadalwanga ukulwa kwidatrato, ukulingana kwabo kwaba ngxabano enamandla kakhulu ekuthandweni kokubamba.