Su-35 Uphawu. I Su-35: neNgcaciso, umlweli ifoto. iimpawu lokuthelekisa Su-35 kunye F-22

Ngo-2003, i-Sukhoi Design Bureau iye yasungula le Inqanaba lesibini yotshintsho Su-27 moya karma ukwenza i Su-35. Ezona mpawu ziphunyezwe kwinkqubo yotshintsho, lets bayibiza 4 fighter ++ sizukulwana, nto leyo ithetha ukuba kelelo izakhono ubuninzi ku-moya isizukulwana sesihlanu Pak FA.

design yangasemva

Ngo-1980, lo gama i-Su-27 Iyakwazi kuphela yiSoviet Air Force, umyili wayo jikelele Pavel Sukhoi Icetywe ukuphuhlisa uguqulelo maxesha. Ekuqaleni ekhethelwe i Su-27M, oko baxhotyiswa avionics ukuphuculwa kakhulu, nto leyo enika izizathu ukuqwalasela kuye mlweli kakuhle ngelo xesha. Kuye mayixhotyiswe ezahlukeneyo izixhobo kunye ezintsonkothileyo, okwenza ukuba Su-27M (cm. In the photo ngezantsi) ukuba enze imisebenzi angoyiswa ekujoliswe emhlabeni.

Inguqulelo yala maxesha waphawulwa ngezinto ezininzi utshintsho ezihamba, avionics, ukwakhiwa izityalo amandla, kwaye kananjalo baba yokukhula. High-amandla izinto ezihlolwayo kunye aluminiyamu-lithium ziye kusetyenziselwa ukuzinciphisa ubunzima nokunyusa amafutha reserve.

I Su-27M yafakwa nge injini ye jet kunye injongo KN 125, enamandla ngaphezu Su-27. Inkqubo Ukuphuculwa Su-27 yakhethwa 'Su-35BM ", apho oonobumba kwakuthetha" uphuculo enkulu ". wenza kakhulu kwithuba ifaka moya mihla kunye Su-35, iimpawu leyo ngaphezulu kakhulu prototype wayo wokuqala Su-27M.

kwempucuko olunye

iprojekthi imveliso karma yasungulwa ngo-2003 ukuya ukuvala umsantsa phakathi uguqulelo maxesha ye Su-27M kunye Su-30MK ukulwa isithuthi kunye yesihlanu-isizukulwana Pak FA. Injongo yale projekthi ibe yotshintsho sesibini airframe le Su-27 (kungoko uhlelo lwayo 4 ++ isizukulwana fighter), ukwenzela ukuba iimpawu Su-35 kwakuhambisana ukuya kwinqanaba yenziwe kwi Pak FA. Ukongeza, lo moya wayefanele ukuba abe enye kusapho Su-30 angaphandle.

Uphuhliso-moya kwaqhubeka de-2007, xa yaba ukuze ithengiswe. Thile kamva, i-Sukhoi Design Bureau yaxelelwa ukuba lwenkqubo nokudalwa Su-35 laphehlelelwa ngenxa iinkxalabo ukuba iprojekthi Pak FA unokujongana yokunqongophala kwenkxaso-mali.

Ihlaziya umsila othe tye

Iimpawu ze-Su-35 ngokwemiqathango airframe yayo ibandakanya iiyantlukwano ezininzi ukusuka Su-27M, nangona yokuzenzisa lo moya ugcina umfuziselo omandla kuneyokuqala.

Enye yezona iinkalo olwahlula le airframe Su-27M uye scheme zokwakha ashukimisayo ulawula udidi "idada", oluvumela moya ukuba bahlasele engile ubuninzi zokuhlasela ° 120. Xa eli cebo umsila tyaba - ekwenzeni bekwilift - ibekwe phambi emaphikweni alo.

Nangona kunjalo, eli lungiselelo, othe tye nomsila moya iboniswe ukusuka kumphezulu uphawu radar ifunyenwe ezinkulu kuno kwisikimu eqhelekileyo emva amaphiko. Oku lula ekufumanekeni-moya. Ngoko ke, radars mihla ngenxa moya avulekile (F-22 Oluhlala, Pak FA and Su-35) kuba lilungiselelo yemveli komsila tye - emva amaphiko. Ukuze kulondolozwe iingenelo ukusetyenziswa canards, bona, kunye ntsiba ephambili amaphiko kusekho ngasemva zijike amacandelo SAG phezu kwamaphiko.

Kuye kwenziwa ntoni ezintsha malunga ngala utshintsho imbonakalo Su-35? Iimpawu (photo ngezantsi ibonisa umahluko bembonakalo yayo ukusuka Su-27M) wazibonakalisa karma moya kufutshane nje kwisizukulwana 5, ngaphandle kuba mkhulu Utyikityo yayo radar kanye akukho radar esebenzayo emoyeni.

Nezinye iziphuculwa airframe

Uphawu SU-35 ngokwemiqathango indlela yayo elekhtrons yohlukile Su-27M airbrake ukungabikho (panel). SU-35 indlela inhibition sikuko yokuba yokujika yayo ilahlwe kwindawo asemva amaphiko amabini nkqo xa sokubhoda baphambukile kumacala ahlukeneyo, kwaye idala mandla ezalanayo. Nezinye iziphuculwa ashukimisayo iquka ukunciphisa ukuphakama somfanekiso nkqo, enye Buze isigubungelo ezincinane nokwaleka yayo conductive isale ukufihla ngokuthi irradiating radar moya.

Ukuqinisa airframe iyahlala kufikelelwa ngokusebenzisa olubanzi aluminiyamu titanium, okunyuke ubomi yayo malunga neminyaka engama-30 umsebenzi ephakamileyo ubunzima ubuninzi andize iitoni 34,5 of. umthamo fuel lwangaphakathi yandiswa kakhulu ngaphezulu kwe-20% ukuya kwiitoni 11.5 kwaye kuveliswa ukuze 14.5 okulahlwayo ngenxa kwiitanki ezongezelelweyo.

Avionics Advanced

Sukhoi wenze konke ukuze iimpawu Su-35 ngokwemiqathango avionics nje ebalaseleyo. Umsebenzi zonke iiyunithi kunye izixhobo moya lilawula inkqubo yengcaciso yolawulo, baxhotyiswa ezimbini iikhompyutha kwi-ebhodini. It iqokelela neenkqubo data evela kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo yamacebo flight ulawulo kwaye kunika ingcaciso efanelekileyo umqhubi nge ezimbini mininzi uboniso eziphambili (MFD), apho kunye ezintathu moya lesibini MFD ifomu yeglasi. Lo moya uye kakhulu kwezinye nogqibo avionics zalo iinkqubo zekhompyutha, kuquka inkqubo engenacingo yolawulo moya digital, yaye umqhubi uyayinikwa nesigcina-imvelaphi inyuselwa lwazi lwekhusi kunye izibuko ngombono ebusuku.

Radar nenkqubo ezijolise

Kule nxalenye uphawu le Su-35 kuquka ubukho radar "irbis" passive ngezigaba eriyali uluhlu, nto leyo ibaluleke kakhulu inkqubo yolawulo lomlilo-moya. Radar bangabhaqa emoyeni kwindawo ekujoliswe q3. m kumgama km 400 kwaye ukubonelela sokukhomba 30 zojoliso emoyeni, kwaye ikhokelele ezisibhozo kubo.

Radar uyakwazi ukudlala kakuhle nje imaphu yomhlaba, esebenzisa iintlobo ngeentlobo ngeendlela, kuquka imo beso yokuqaphela. Radar "irbis" kuhamba inkqubo abalibona optronic ukuba usebenzisa ukusebenza a laser rangefinder, iinjongo TV, tshin infrared.

aircraft kwezikhali

Ziziphi izixhobo okuthwala karma Su-35? Iinkcukacha lweenkqubo zayo kwezikhali zibandakanya ukusetyenziswa nobuninzi enomjukujelwa-chwetheza "moya-to-moya" wasondela kunye noluhlu kude, nocoselelo kunye nezixhobo engakhokelwa lohlobo "moya-to-phantsi", oko kuquka imijukujelwa, iziqhushumbisi kunye dubulo asirhawule iziqhushumbisi eziqhelekileyo. Ubuninzi Gun luncedo umthwalo - iitoni ezingama-8, nto leyo ukudluliselwa hardpoints elinesine. Le karma angasebenzisa imijukujelwa iqela km 300.

iinjini umlweli

SU-35 kunye iperi injini jet, kumda wesangqa saliphosa leyo ilawulwa kwi indiza. Le injini uguqulelo lula ukuqhutywa ezifana "esinguSaturn-117" isizukulwana sesihlanu karma Pak FA. saliphosa yayo kuqikelelwa kwi KN 145, 20 KN ngaphezu Su-27M. Uphethe ubomi iiyure 4000. Amahobe iinjini moya uyakwazi ukulawula ngongoma kumda wesangqa isiphumo. Ngalinye saliphosa zithwala esatsiba uye axis yayo ukujikeleza yakuthobela-moya nkqo. Ngaloo nokuphambukiswa esatsiba nganye ngongoma kumda wesangqa angamelwa ngenxa kuka esatsiba kweli cala ezantsi-izibilini phezulu-ngaphandle. Ukuba zombini imilomo esiyua nityhala baphambuke synchronously ukulawula indawo ye-moya kuphela ekujikeni inowuthi, kodwa zithwala ecaleni ezahlukeneyo amahlanza nemilomo ungalawuleka kunye eliyi Yaw kunye roll. Le nkqubo yolawulo kwakhona olwenziwe ukulwa Pak-FA.

Injini ivumela SU 35 ukufikelela isantya supersonic ngcembe ngaphandle afterburner. Radio-okubamba ukutyabeka lisetyenziswa namalungu injini ukunciphisa kubonakala umqondiso radar ukusuka moya.

iimpawu lokuthelekisa Su-35 kunye F-22

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ehlabathini kuthathelwa kuphela ukulwa inkonzo 5 Isizukulwana th i US F-22 Oluhlala. Njengoko yaziwa, ubuchwepheshe "banyebeleza" yaphunyezwa kuyilo yayo inikezela moya banyebeleza radar, lusekelwe kwimigaqo ezimbini:

• airframe azidlulisele yenzelwe imilo zejiyometri ukuba inika umqondiso radar eboniswe kwicala elahlukileyo ulwalathiso yayo lokufika;
• uchitha (kukufakwa) se-eneji uphawu radar kwi izixhobo okumisele phezu moya ngenjongo eziphango ukuya kwinqanaba lokuba ekufumanekeni umqondiso kubonakala uba kwenzeke.

Ngokutsho data American obonisa isakhono F-22 karma elilingana ibhola Galufa, ngokwedatha Russian, kuba 0.3-0.4 m ^2. Thelekisa i Grant-29 ke ilingana no-5 m ^2, kwaye Su-27 - 12 m ^2. Ngaba kunokwenzeka, ubuncinane ngokuyinxenye, ukuba ukuphumeza ukusebenza "Oluhlala" kwi Su-35? Iimpawu (thelekisa kuzo kunye F-22 inikwe ngezantsi) moya Russian ukuvumela ukuba sibonise nethemba balumke kule nkalo.

iinjineli Russian yaye izazinzulu ziye izinto kunye nobuchule ukuba ziyakwehlisa ngokubonakalayo reflectivity le Su-35. izazinzulu Russian ndadala izixhobo zemathematika ukubala ukusasazeka amaza ngamaqumrhu of loqwalaselo ezinzima, ezifana Su-35, ukuqhekeza zibe ubuso ezincinane kunye nokongeza neziphumo amaza emphethweni kunye nemisinga komhlaba. Eriyali angumfuziselo ngokwahlukeneyo kwaye emva koko zifakwe lonke imodeli ukubala.

izinto radio entsha ukufunxa, leyo azigubungela iinjini moya laphuhliswa. Oku akuthinteli umsebenzi iinkqubo icing kwaye ukumelana-high speed umoya kwemali kunye lobushushu ku 200 ° C. Radio ukufunxa umaleko 0.7-1.4 mm ubukhulu lisetyenziswa phezu iinjini eziphambili-kwinqanaba elisezantsi-uxinzelelo isiguquli ngokusebenzisa inkqubo spray iirobhothi.

I Su-35 kwakhona ukuqhubekekiswa isinyuko ebonakalisa amaza radar, kunciphisa igalelo ityhubhu umfanekiso intensifier ezivela kumacandelo metal cab. technology Russian siqulunqwe inkqubo plasma yokulahlwa kwe alternating kunokudala intsimbi kunye zeplastiki. Ngale ndlela ukutyabeka idaliwe,, apho iibhloko amaza of sokuquqa kwerediyo iyamelana ngokuhlaziya yaye zila ubushushu elanga kule ndlwana.

Kakade ke, yonke le misebenzi kuphela esondele iimpawu Su-35 ukuya ikhono le Umzingeli F-22, kodwa ungamenzi twatse. Le ubo (kwaye mhlawumbi nokongama) ziya kwenziwa emva kokuba ayivume ukulwa Russian besizukulwana 5 Pak FA.

Ezinye iimpawu moya, uthelekiso kwabo SU-35 kunye F-22 inika lo mfanekiso ulandelayo. moya Russian ngu neemitha ezine (21.9 m vs 18.9 m) kwaye phantse omnye ngaphezu (5,9 m v. 5,09 m) kunye namaphiko enkulu American (14.75 m vs 13.6 m). Ubunzima Su-35 (engenanto) phantse kulingana nobunzima F-22 (kg-19 500 ukuya ku-19 700 kilograms), kodwa ubunzima obukhulu i "American" iitoni ezimbini ezinesiqingatha ngaphezulu (34 500 kg ukuya kilograms-38 000). Isantya ubuninzi moya bobabini phantse efanayo - malunga 2400-2500 km / h, kwakunye izandla-on nokuphakamisa yophahla - 20,000 m.

Kodwa ke uluhlu ukubhabha Su-35 kunye yokuyeka iitanki ezimbini bade (4,600 km nxamnye 2960 km) ngaphandle "yokomisa" amatanki kwakhona fly kwi "Umzingeli" (3600 km nxamnye 3220 km).