Thyroxine kunye triiodothyronine ukuba kuhlelwe ngokusekelwe ntoni? Thyroid hormone - thyroxine kunye triiodothyronine

hormone ziveliswa esinobubovu lengqula (SHCHZ). Thyroxine kunye triiodothyronine - bobabini hormone engundoqo komzimba, inxalenye apho kukho atom iodine. Ezi hormone ziveliswa kwiiseli ze epithelium follicular.

Indima hormone

Thyroxine kunye triiodothyronine kuhlelwe ukusuka tyrosine (Alpha-acid acid) kwaye kubalulekile kuphuhliso eqhelekileyo eziphilayo.

• Xhasa umsebenzi weli ziko sokuphefumla.
• Ne nxaxheba kwabo, wenza ulawulo isizukulwana ubushushu ngumzimba.
• Kuchaphazela nethe ioksijini kunye nokwanda kwemfuno inyama oksijini.
• Kuchaphazela ukomelela izishunqulelo intliziyo (isiphumo ionotropic).
• Zilawule izinga intliziyo (isiphumo chronotropic).
• Ngenxa ihomoni ukwandisa imali b-adrenergic zemizwa entliziyweni skeletal izihlunu, kananjalo ezicwangciswe izihlunu adipose lymphocyte.
• Yenza motility le phecana zesisu.
• Phantsi yempembelelo Yindibanisela iiprothini ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza okanye izityalo umahluko.
• Ukuvuselela uphuhliso nokukhula umzimba uphela.
• Eshukumisa ukusebenza luvo engundoqo nokukhawulezisa ubudlelwane engqondweni.
• Kukugqalisela igazi glucose ukwandisa bamba kunye nokusetyenziswa zaso, ngaloo ndlela isebenze inkqubo glycolysis.
• Kuchaphazela sokonakalisa izihlunu adipose (lipolysis) kwaye kulibazise lasungulwa nokufumba.

secretion olungafanelekanga of hormone emzimbeni womntu kukhokelela kuphuhliso engqondweni nasemzimbeni ezilibazisekileyo.

hormone Synthesis SHCHZ

SHCHZ protein esisiseko yi thyroglobulin. Sisebenza itemplate ukuze kwakhiwe hormone eziveliswa yi le ndlala. Thyroxine kunye triiodothyronine ukuba kuhlelwe ngokusekelwe protein thyroglobulin. Le protein iqulethe kumafa yayo ezingaphezu kwe-5 amawaka. Amino acid iintsalela, yaye kuphela 18 yabo iodine. Thyroxine ukuba kuhlelwe kunye inxaxheba kuphela-2 ukuya kwele-4 acid acid iintsalela. Ukongeza thyroglobulin, kuba hormone ngenela SHCHZ kunye cholesterol. Ngenxa yoko, thyroxine kunye triiodothyronine ukuba kuhlelwe phezu ngokusekelwe cholesterol, kwakunye iihomoni steroid. Ihomoni T4 yenziwe amaxesha 10 ngaphezu T3.

Hormone Triiodothyronine (T3) ukhandwa ukuhlanganiswa molekyuli khe kunye monoiodotyrosine ukuba yinxalenye thyroglobulin protini.

Hormone SHCHZ anikwe emzimbeni?

Hormone SHCHZ ubophe kwiiproteni plasma, yaye njengoko enjalo kusiwa ancedisana amalungu. Kukho iiproteni igazi ezinkulu ezintathu unako ukumbopha hormone T3 kunye T4 zezi:

1. TSG - thyroxine-yokubopha globulin.
2. LSPA - thyroxine-prealbumin.
3. Ezinjengealbumin.

Inqanaba thyroxine kunye triiodothyronine impembelelo umsebenzi SHCHZ secretory kwaye siyabophelela ikhono serum.

ULawulo T3 kunye T4 amagama yenziwa hormone yebhinqa TSH (thyroid ekhuthazayo hormone). Kwelinye icala, TSH kuyondelelaniswe lwenziwa phantsi kwempembelelo hormone of hypothalamic TRH (thyrotropin-ikhuphe hormone).

triiodothyronine mahala (fT3)

Iipesenti fT3 yi% 0.25 kuphela itotali T3 igazi. Njengoko sele sibonile, T3 egazini kuba ngaphantsi kakhulu T4, kodwa, nangona oku, uhlobo lwayo free isiqingatha kuphela ifom ekhululekileyo T4.

It is free hormone ifomu SHCHZ kubangela umsebenzi wabo lomzimba. Triiodothyronine (hormone) thyroxine kakhulu esebenzayo ngakumbi. Kungenxa yoko le nto kwinqanaba ngaphandle metabolisticheskoe yakhe jikelele olwahlula sisenzo hormone.

Thyroxine: umsebenzi

T4 eziphilayo engasebenziyo. Kodwa ukuba kukho imfuneko, unako phantsi kwempembelelo selenium-oxhomekeke enzyme monodeiodinase aguqulwa abe T3 esebenzayo ngakumbi.

imisebenzi Thyroxine hormone emzimbeni wenza ebalulekileyo efanayo triiodothyronine. Ezizezi T4 inoxanduva yemveliso vitamin A esibindini kushukumisa iproteni ukutya, uchaphazela lipid (amanqatha) ukutya, ulawula kwinqanaba triglycerides kunye cholesterol embi egazini, ichaphazela ukwakheka eyiyo esiqwini ithambo, nto leyo ibaluleke kakhulu ebantwaneni.

Indlela kunikezela phezu uhlalutyo hormone SHCHZ?

Ukuze avelise ukufunda kwinqanaba hormone SHCHZ ahlangule igazi ngokwaneleyo ukusuka apho iphuma khona kucazululo. Oku kunokwenziwa kwigumbi imithi.

Ukufunda wadlula kakhulu zithembeke kwaye iziphumo nto iphenjelelwa yimiba yangaphandle, kwinyanga enye phambi kokuba igazi uhlalutyo kuyimfuneko ngaphandle ulwamkelo ngamalungiselelo hormone. Kakade ke, kufuneka kuvunyelwane kunye nogqirha wakho. iintsuku 3-5 phambi komhla ekucetyiswa ukuba ngaphandle iziyobisi eziqulathe iodine ekwakhiweni.

Nangoko, phambi kokuba igazi zeesampuli isigulane kufuneka uthathe naziphi na iimviwo X-ray. Obandulela ukwenziwa ngokunika igazi akukhuthazwa ukuba umsebenzi ophezulu ngokwasemzimbeni kwiimeko ezibangela (ukhuphiswano ezemidlalo, iimviwo njalo njalo. D.). Ngaphambi kokungena uhlalutyo zokufunda kunye yokupasa, umguli Kucetyiswa ukuba bahlale lokuphumla imizuzu 15-30.

amaxabiso Normal SHCHZ hormone

Siye safumanisa ukuba indima umzimba udlala thyroxine kunye triiodothyronine, ukuba kuhlelwe ngokusekelwe apho amacandelo, zeziphi izinto anoxanduva serum wabo ndibopha, indlela yokufumana uvavanyo kwezi iihomoni. Ngoku khangela ngexabiso yabo eqhelekileyo, kwaye phantsi kweziphi izifo linokwanda okanye linciphe. Imigangatho ezi hormone zinikwe kule theyibhile ingezantsi:

Zeziphi izifo kwandisa fT3?

triiodothyronine Free ukuba zandiswe ezi zifo zilandelayo:

• Hyperthyroidism ngowona okanye aphakamileyo.
• T3 toxicosis ekwanti.
• Thyroiditis.
• Hypothyroidism T4 ezingatshiyo.
• Choriocarcinoma.
• ukumelana hormone syndrome SHCHZ.
• Ukwehlisa uyondelelwano lwee- globulin thyroxine-yokubopha.
• isifo sesibindi.
• In olugqitha esikhumbeni.
• syndrome Nephrotic.
• Emva konyango nge iodine.

Kwezinye iimeko, kukho ukuhla fT3?

Ukwehlisa fT3 igazi kwenzeka meko zilandelayo:

• Hypothyroidism yinto ephambili, lesibini okanye lesithathu.
• Netireoidnaya ngezifo obukhulu, kuquka iimeko engqondweni nasemzimbeni (stroke, engabalulekanga kunye t. D.).
• ukudla elide okanye ukutya ngesifo sephepha esezantsi yokutya protini.
• Ngeli ixesha ekuphulukenwe nalo emva kokuba ezimbi kakhulu kunye nemisebenzi.
• Ukuba uncompensated insufficiency ephambili adrenal.
• Xa amabhinqa umthambo rhoqo enzima.
• In senyanga yesithathu yokukhulelwa (inqanaba fT3 ngexesha lokukhulelwa ngokuthe ngcembe kunciphisa ukusuka ezintathu yokuqala nokuphela leyesithathu uba ucaca ngakumbi).
• Xa yokwamkela amachiza zilandelayo: amiodarone, androgens, propranolol, salicylates, iiarhente umahluko X-ray iodinated.

Ngaphezu koko, ukuhla yamaxesha onyaka fT3 kunokwenzeka. Ubuninzi kwixesha ngexesha ukususela ngoSeptemba ukuya kuFebruwari, kwaye ubuncinane kwiinyanga zasehlotyeni.

iimpawu hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism - elanele iihomoni njini SHCHZ. Kulo mzekelo, ezi mpawu zilandelayo zenzeke:

• Silale, ukukhathala ukozela.
• Ukuvela umzimba ukuba ayikwazi kulawulwe ngeendlela umthambo nokutya.
• ukuxinezeleka njalo.
• Kusenokuba kukho ukwehla emzimbeni lobushushu iqondo 35.6.
• Ukurhawuzelelwa esikhumba, kome yayo ukudumba.
• ukulahleka Hair and inkwethu, ungadluli emva kokusebenzisa ishampu sonyango okuyinto.
• Nciphisa izinga intliziyo (bradycardia).
• Ukwehla wegazi.
• Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo kunye yokusabela.
• nokuqunjelwa rhoqo.
• Abafazi kunokubangela ukuphazamiseka kokuya zingachumi ngokwaneleyo.

iimpawu hyperthyroidism

Hyperthyroidism - oku excess iihomoni lenjini SHCHZ. Kulo mzekelo, kukho ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• kwanda yaye ngaloo ndlela umzimba.
• ubuthathaka jikelele, apho inokuba flash drive.
• Flabbiness nesikhumba ukoma.
• iyangongoza Heart kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi.
• Ulwando lobushushu emzimbeni ukuya degrees-37,5.
• ukuphazamiseka kokuya kwi kwabasetyhini kunye ukungachumi.
• Kwiingozi ezimasikizi, umntu SHCHZ ezinophawu ukwanda kunye exophthalmia.

Prevention of SHCHZ izifo

Le ndlala lengqula kunye emzimbeni wayo sokwenza umsebenzi obalulekileyo ukuba umzimba, ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba esweni imeko umzimba. Oku kwenziwa bahlolwe yonyaka. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ugqirha iza kubonisa indlela ultrasound kunye iimvavanyo hormone SHCHZ.

Ukuthintela izifo SHCHZ kunye hormone ukuswela umzimba kufuneka ziquke ekutyeni zenu ukudla iodine. Ezi ziquka phantse zonke kwaselwandle (tuna, flounder, salmon, Shrimp, ingca yaselwandle), iziqhamo (nepersimmons, iibhanana, orenji), imifuno (itswele, igalikhi, nangwevu, seqanda). Zizikhokelo elula ilandelayo, ungenza ngokusisigxina ukulondoloza impilo esinobubovu lengqula kwaye yonke eziphilayo.