UBoris Chirkov: ukusuka eSancho Panza ukuya kuvulindlela ohlinzayo uChizhov

U-Yevtushenko kwi "Man Man with Gun" kunye noNikanor Samosseev kwi "Three Meetings", uStean Nedolya "kwiiDonetsk" kunye nomlobi waseRodionov kwi "Night Concerned", u-Lihobaba ku-Horizon noVarvara kayise kwiBlue Cup. Kwaye le nto yincinci encinane yeemafilimu apho uBoris Chirkov, i-Soviet theatre kunye nomdlali wefilimu, adlala. Ababukeli be-TV yeSoviet bamthanda kakhulu ngenxa yeendima zakhe kwiifilimu "Abahlobo Abanyani", "Umntu Othandekayo", "Uthiyile", "Uthisha", kodwa ngokukhethekileyo bayabulela umdlali we-trilogy malunga nokuguqula uMaxim.

Iminyaka yobuntwana

Esixekweni saseNolinsk (iphondo laseViatka) Ngo-Agasti 13, 1901, iMvakalisi yoMntu weSoviet Union uBoris Chirkov wazalwa. UNolinsk wayemncinane, kude nomzila. Kwakubonakala ku-Little Bor ukuba yonke loo mzi ibonakala ngathi ifile. Ngokuqinisekileyo, i-central center yecandelo lalikho iphondo: akukho mbane, kwaye iileta kunye namaphephandaba alula aziswa kabini ngeveki yeso sibini.

Xa le nkwenkwe yayineminyaka esixhenxe ubudala, wayezimisele ukufunda esikolweni sendawo. Kwiiklasi eziphezulu, uyise wamdonsa kumsebenzi wenzululwazi, kuba yena ngokwakhe wayedlala ngokunyanisekileyo kwimveliso yamatriki. Ekuqaleni uBoris Chirkov wayengummemezeli, kwaye kamva wathatha inxaxheba kwiziqendu zomsebenzi. Kodwa, nangona kunjalo, le nkwenkwe yayingeke ikwazi ukucinga ukuba ingaba ngumdlali weengcali kwixesha elizayo. Wayeqinisekile ukuba wayenalo talente yangempela kunye nokubonakala kakuhle, okubonakalayo.

Ukhetho phakathi kwamaziko

Ngowe-1921, insizwa ethile yafunda ePetrograd ukungena kwi-Polytechnic Institute. Uphumelela kule nto ngokulula, kodwa emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa uBris uyaqonda ukuba akacingelwa ukuba afunde i-science ngqo. Ngongenelelo lwabahlobo, ungena kwiCandelo loBugcisa boBugcisa. Yamukelwa, nangona ukuba ukhuphiswano lukhulu kakhulu. I-Scholarship, leyo uBoris eyaqala ukuyifumana kuphela ngonyaka wesithathu, yayingenasiphelo, ngakho ebusuku wayesebenza kwichweba njengomthwalo.

Ekuqaleni, unina u-Olga Ignatyevna wayechasene nomsebenzi wakhe wonyana. Wayeqinisekile ukuba kumntu owenza umsebenzi wesenzo akayinto ebalulekileyo yokuzilibazisa, kodwa ebomini ubugcisa obunzulu buyimfuneko. Kodwa kwiminyaka emibini kamva wazinikela ekukhethweni kwonyana wakhe.

Ukuqala kwendlela yokubugcisa

UBoris Chirkov udibanisa impumelelo yokuqala ephawulekayo kunye neTheatre yeSixeko saseLeningrad. Yilapho eyadlala iSancho Pancha, i-jester kunye no-Ivan isidenge. Ukususela ekuqaleni komsebenzi wakhe, wayegqoke ngokugqithiseleyo kwaye egqoke ngokufanelekileyo, kuba wayeqinisekile ukuba umdlali makangonwabele kuphela italente yakhe, kodwa nangaphandle. Kamva umntakwabo wakhumbula ukuba wachitha yonke yakhe yobuntwana kwimpahla kaMalume wakhe. Izambatho, iikhati, izibophelelo zikaBoris Petrovich zazingezinhle kwaye zintle ukuba loo mntu akaze atshintshisane nabo abatsha.

UBoris Chirkov, owakhe u-biography waqala ukuzalisa ngeendima ezintsha kunye nentshisekelo, i-repertoire ye-classic yadlala kakhulu. Wathatha inxaxheba kwimveliso eyenziwa kwinqanaba ngemisebenzi kaLeon Tolstoy, u-Alexander Pushkin nabanye ababhali baseRussia. Kwimpembelelo yakhe eyona nto yayingeyona nje into ephawulekayo, ingqondo kunye neengqungquthela. Wadala umdla olwaneleyo kwanemifanekiso enqabileyo. Kwimisebenzi yakhe nganye, uTchirkov wayeyinyaniso, elula kwaye enobuhle kangangokuthi wayebeka kalula abaphulaphuli bakhe kwaye wakhangela umdla wabalingisi befilimu.

I-cinema, iCinema, iCinema ...

Ekuqaleni, umdlali wenkwenkwezi wayenenkwenkwe kubazalwana bakaVasilievs kwinqanaba elincinci. Yayinendima yomntu omdala owaye waya kuChaveev enesikhalazo. Kwaye emva kancinane kwiphephancwadi ethi "Ulutsha lwaseMaxim" naye wayenenkwenkwezi, uBoris Chirkov. Ifilosofi yakhe sele iqalile ukuzalisa ngeendima ezithakazelisayo.

Ifilimu malunga neMaxim ayikwazanga kube lula ukuphela, ngoko ngo-1937 kwavela inqaku layo elithi "Ukubuya kweMaxim", kunye nemibini emibini kamva - inxalenye yokugqibela ye-trilogy - "iVivborg Side". Eli qhawe likhunjulwa kwaye lithandwa ngabaphulaphuli ukuba uBoris Chirkov kunye nasemva kweminyaka emashumi, eqonda kwisitalato, ebizwa ngokuba nguMaxim.

Kwaye kwakukho indima kaDenis Davydov, Makhno, Mikhail Glinka, Antoshi Rybkin kunye nabanye.

Ngexesha lemfazwe eyingozi, njengabanye abaculi be-theater, i-cinema nomculo, uBoris Chirkov wenza kwiikonkethi kunye neentlanganiso kunye namajoni ahamba phambili.

Kwiminyaka emva kwemfazwe, enye yeendima zokuqala ze-actor yayiyinxaxheba yesazinzulu soSoviet kwifilimu ethi "iNkundla yeNtlonipho".

Inomdla kwi-biography ye-actor kukuba uBoris Chirkov, isithombe Yiyiphi intshukumo ebonakalayo kumaphephancwadi amaSoviet, intando yabantu bonke baseSoviet, abaphumeleleyo bamabhaso ombuso, wayengumntu onamahloni oqhelekileyo kwimpilo. Watshata ngokukhawuleza xa wayesele minyaka engama-48 ubudala. Okhethiweyo wakhe wayeyintombi yomhlobo wakhe, uProfesa VGIK Larissa. Kwifilimu ekhangayo "Abahlobo Abathembekileyo", wadlala indima yegqirha wephondo.

I-Chirkovs ezine inefilimu yentsapho - "Mashenka." UBoris Petrovich wadlala kuyo indima yoyise wentsapho, umfazi wadlala yintombi yakhe, kwaye intombi yangempela kaMila ngumzukulu wakhe.

Ubomi obuqhelekileyo, uTchirkov wayengumntu onobubele, othobelekileyo kunye othobelekileyo. Wayengumdlali weqela lebhola lebhola elifanayo njengomfazi wakhe-ngaphandle kwendlela yokubambisana.

Isithintelo sesihlanu

Umdlali we-actor akazange akwazi ukukhupha ipensheni yakhe, ngaphandle koko, wayenentloni. Ngosuku lokufa kwakhe waya eKremlin ukuya kwintlanganiso yekhomishoni eyanikezela iLenin Prizes. Wayedlulile. Ukuze abe nexesha lokuqala, wayebaleka. UChirkov wayeziva ehle kwiHolo yaseSt. George. I-ambulensi yaza yamthabatha. Ukugcina umdlali omkhulu wayengenakwenzeka: wafa esibhedlele ukususela kwisihlanu, ukuhlaselwa kwentliziyo yokugqibela ...

Izalamane kunye neminyaka engama-30 kamva, ngokubuhlungu nokuthukuthela, khumbula ukuba bahlala njani emzimbeni ocolile kwaye balinda de u-Brezhnev anqume ukuba ungcwaba uBoris Petrovich. Oku kwaphela iintsuku ezine. Kodwa ngaphandle kwemvume esemthethweni yunobhala jikelele, kwakungenakwenzeka ukubamba umkhosi wokulila. Ekugqibeleni, uBrzhnev wakhetha amathuna eNovevichvichye.

Kwiintsuku ezili-9 inja oyintandokazi yomdlali. Kwiintsuku ezingama-40 igitarari yaqhawula umtya ...