KwiPhondo Vyatka: Mandulo Nakule Mihla

Vyatka kwiPhondo - iziko sendawo yangaphambili yoBukhosi Russian ikomkhulu yayo kwisixeko Vyatka. Umhlaba kulo mmandla akusoloko sibeyinxalenye iyunithi enye indawo, kodwa basoloko ezinxulumene ngokoqoqosho.

Formation yePhondo

De kuphuculo lolawulo kaPetros iminyaka 1708-1710 waba phantse akukho ukwahlulwa intsimi zibe kwimimandla eRashiya. INkosi Enkulu ngowe-1708 wababela ilizwe kumaphondo 7. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukusekwa kwiphondo Vyatka ngelo xesha akazange eme kufutshane emlanjeni ilizwe Vyatka waquka olo qeqesho:

- kwiphondo Siberian (counties 6);

- Kazan (5 counties);

- Arkhangelogorodskaya (2 Parish).

Ngowe-1719, nganye kwezi kumaphondo yahlulwe yaba ngamaphondo. kwiphondo Vyatka ngelo xesha yinxalenye yephondo eSiberia, kodwa ngo-1727 oko ndatshintshelwa kwiphondo Kazan. Loo nguqu sele Akwalinganiselwa kakhulu ukusuka kwindawo kwezoqoqosho imbono njengenxalenye kwiphondo Kazan ekuqaleni kuquka umhlaba omninzi, apho amanzi emlanjeni Vyatka. Njengokuba kubhaliwe yaziwa kakuhle, ngoxa izithuthi mlambo inqununu ekugcineni amaqhina ezoqoqosho kunye nezorhwebo.

iinguqu zolawulo kwenzeka koBukhosi kwaye kwisiqingatha sesibini ngenkulungwane ye-18. Ngokomzekelo, ngowe-1780, oko wadala Vyatskoe yokubusa. Lo mmandla uquka umhlaba kwiphondo Vyatka kwaye ezinye izithili esemazantsi kwiphondo Kazan.

ubhaliso ngokusemthethweni yephondo

Ngowe-1796 Yayilulawulo reformatted kweli phondo. Ngoko ke amanyathelo karhulumente tsarist ngokwenene yavuma ukuba iphondo Vyatka kufuneka ukuba khona ekuqaleni nakwezoqoqosho imida ezifanelekileyo. indawo yolawulo yahlulwa kwizithili 13:

- Vyatsky;

- Orel;

- Glazov;

- Sarapul'skiy;

- Yelabuzhsky;

- Slobodskoi;

- Kaygorodsky;

- Urzhum;

- Kotelnich;

- Tsarevosanchursky;

- Malmyzhsky;

- Yaransk;

- Nolinsk.

kwiphondo centre

Vyatka (isixeko) eyasekwayo ekuqaleni evela kumazwe Novgorod phakathi kweminyaka 1181 no 1374. Encwadini yeembali zembali kunyaka 1181 zokuhlala okhankanywe Kotelnich, kodwa hayi noko athi vu Vyatka. Kodwa ke ngo-1374, isixeko likhankanywe ngokunxulumene iphulo Novgorod phezu ikomkhulu iVolga Bulgars.

Vyatka - isixeko eyaguqula amaxesha igama eziliqela layo. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba kamsinya nje ukuba igama zokusekwa Khlynov, nangona isiqinisekiso ezisemthethweni oku ngohlobo kwamaxwebhu agciniweyo iye yasinda. Ngowe-1374, ngokutsho "Ibali ilizwe Vyatka," embindini ummandla obizwa ngokuba Vyatka. Ukususela ngo 1457 igama Khlynov umva kwakhona. Ngokubambisana kuphuculo solawulo 1780 uKumkanikazi uCatherine wakhupha umyalelo malunga nokubuya lomzi amagama Vyatka, leyo baqhubeka de kube sekupheleni kuka-1934. Njengoko yaziwa, kulo nyaka owabulawa Communist laseKirov. Ubunkokheli eSoviet yagqiba ekubeni imbeko kwisikhumbuzo yobukomanisi ukuthiya ngokutsha Vyatka laseKirov. Kweli nqanaba kuphakamisa umba ukubuya mzi igama zembali, kodwa lo mbono akukho nkxaso olomeleleyo.

kuqamba yobuhlanga

Census Vyatka kwiphondo 1897 wenza kube lula ukwenza ingcamango yokwenene malunga nesakhiwo nobuhlanga kummandla ngokubanzi kwaye ngokukodwa ababekulo nganye. Ngoko ke, inani labemi bomhlaba baba 3030831. Kweli nani, 77,4% baba Russian, Udmurt - 12.5%, AmaTatar - 4.1%, Mari - 4.8%. Ukuba ingqalelo yi counties, siza kubona umfanekiso eyahlukileyo kancinane. Ngokomzekelo, xa Vyatka kwisiThili yabantu Russian ukuba 99,5%. Ipatheni efanayo ibonakala Kotelnich, Nolinsk, Orlovsky counties. In Glazovsky kwisiphaluka wahlala 54% baseRashiya Udmurts 42%, 2% kwaye Tatar Komi Perm. Ezininzi zamazwe ngamazwe - yesithili Elabuga. Kukho babe isakhiwo labantu umntu: 53,3% - baseRashiya 21.9% - Udmurts, 3.1% - Yolwandle, 16.3% - Tatar, 3.7% - Bashkirs, 1.7% - teptyari . Xa abameli kwisiphaluka Malmyzhskom ubuzwe Russian yayimalunga 54%, Udmurts - 24%, iMari - 4% Tatar - 17%. Njengoko sibona, kwiPhondo Vyatka ngamazwe, ngokuba kwisiphaluka ngasinye babehlala kwizizwe-3 ubuncinane. izithili iMono-uhlanga nje ezimbalwa ngowe-1897.

Village kwiphondo Vyatka

iiyunithi abaliqela zolawulo wabahlula ummandla kwiphondo ngalinye. Ngaba Akukho ngaphandle kunye nePhondo Vyatka. Counties, ku parlance mihla, ezi zindawo ezibandakanya amabhunga kwilali (kumaxesha tsarist - Parish). Amagama kwiidolophana kunye needolophana ezincinane ngokufuthi yadlala joke ngenkohlakalo abantu, kuba ngokuhamba ukuba ufunxe nzulu igama ethile ugly, ndicinga ukuba uchaza ngokwenene abemi lali.

Ayiphononongisise le meko njengomzekelo amagama kwiilali Nolinsk County. ubalo lwaqhutywa ngo-1926 kwenani labemi, eyayibhalwe ubukho bezi nemizana:

- clueless (negative iimpawu ubuchule yengqondo abalimi);

- Boobies (ibinzana negative ngaphezulu);

- Bogoedy (abantu abatya uThixo);

- Izilonda;

- Kobelevschina kunye abangamadoda (sithetha iimpawu ezithile ngesondo);

- iNkcubeko Yabasebenzi, Labour Saving (nje amagama Soviet);

- Netrusov (kuxhomekeke kuwe uqonde ngayo intsingiselo yamagama, anikwe kunakuhlanga entle okanye embi);

- Pozoriha (indawo lihlazo).

KwiPhondo Vyatka: kwimbali ukuya namhlanje

Namhlanje siphila kwilizwe mihla leyo ephuhlisa, abheke elizayo. Kwingingqi laseKirov kukho ezininzi kwamashishini mveliso. Xa kowama-2000, kwenziwa ubalo, iziphumo leyo yabonisa ukuba isakhiwo yesizwe yabemi iye zahlala zilolo hlobo zazilulo. Lo mmandla emangalisayo, kunye nento yokuba mixed bahlala apha Yolwandle, Udmurts, baseRashiya, nangezinto inzala Perm. zobuzwe phakathi kwabantu beentlanga ezahlukahlukeneyo ze sebenzisa.