Ubuchule yomgama - Isakhiwo idayagramu nokubalwa

Kubomi bemihla ngemihla wonke umntu ukujongana inani elikhulu lemisebenzi enzima nelula emsebenzini okanye xa ndifunda. Eminye imisebenzi zilula kakhulu, ukuba ukuzalisekisa kwazo senze iintshukumo ezithile ngokuzenzekelayo, ngaphandle nezona. Ewiliko nayiphi na ingxaki, nkqu esilula, njengokuba umthetho, ikhutshwa phandle gqolo ukuba amanyathelo ezimbalwa. Olu hlobo kokungqinelana iingxaki usombulula kuthiwa algorithm. Namhlanje sijonga oko ubuchule yomgama, ubume babo uchazwa wenza isigqibo sabo kunye nokufakwa kweenkqubo.

ulwimi algorithmic

Lo mqondo imithi ngqo ukuba umzobi ukwenza ulandelelwano yezenzo, nto leyo sibhekiswe isicombululo kule ngxaki.

Le ulwimi yindlela echaza ubuchule zijolise ngokubanzi kwi umsebenzisi.

Xa kuziwa ulwimi lwekhompyutha, njengoko kuboniswe imithi ngqo, esicacisa inkqubo azo. Yena, ke, kukhokelela evela data ekuqaleni, ziyashiyana, ukuba umphumo yokuqala.

Uqulunqo algorithm - kakhulu nzima ixesha elide. Le yingqokelela Ubuchule (uphuhliso) ukulandelelana izenzo, siqulunqelwe ukujongana iingxaki ngoncedo kweekhompyutha.

iipropati algorithm

Phakathi mihlaba ayikhuphi:

• omzimba - ke kugqitywe yonke algorithm ukuchaza inani anesiphelo amanyathelo (amanyathelo);
• ngokuqiniseka (noluqondakalayo) - imele yokukhetheka imithetho ukutolikwa lokwenza izenzo, kwaye umyalelo ukubulawa kwabo;
• ukusebenza - iziphumo ezinqwenelekayo naliphi na inani anesiphelo amanyathelo;
• kucacile - imiyalelo ecacileyo kufuneka umabi;
• mass - ubuchule kufuneka bakwazi ukucombulula iklasi iingxaki ezithile ekuyilweni jikelele le ngxaki.

ubuchule yomgama. Computer Class 9

Sele saxubusha inkcazelo neempawu le mbono. Ngoku makhe sithethe ngayo isimo sayo:

• linear;
• eyayizalwa;
• kunye nomjikelo.

Thina banomdla ubuchule yomgama. Ntoni na ke? Baya ziqulathe imiyalelo ukuba babulawe enye emva kwenye ngolandelelwano ecacileyo.

Isakhiwo linear le algorithm nga mazibhalwe kwifom ngomlomo nolweegrafu.

Apha umzekelo, kubhalwe ifomu ngomlomo. Ngoko ke, lo msebenzi: Qokelela esikolweni. isicombululo:

• Qala.
• Yima up.
• Yenza umthambo.
• Hlamba ubuso bakho.
• Ukunxiba.
• Breakfast.
• Buthani portfolio.
• End.

Ujongano imilo predsatvlyat ngentla nkqubo iza kuba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

algorithm yomgama uhlobo yemizobo block kulo,

Le block umzobo imele algorithm umfanekiso ngumzekelo apho kwisigaba ngasinye eyahlukileyo imelwe iibhloko emelwe ezahlukeneyo iimilo zejiyometri. Ngaphezu koko, uqhagamshelwano phakathi amanqanaba (ngamanye amagama, ukulandelelana isigaba lokubulawa) iboniswe iintolo, leyo ukuqhagamshela iziqwenga (iibhloko). block nganye kunye umbhalo. Kuba izenzo ezithile kulandela algorithm esetyenziswa kwi yomgama iimilo zejiyometri :

• Block ekupheleni-isiqalo algorithm. On kwibloko na othi "ekuqaleni" okanye "ukuphela".
• "Igalelo-output" unit. Le block imelwe ngendlela parallelogram. Wabeka umbhalo ilandelayo: "Input", "ukurhoxiswa", "print". Kukwaqhotyoshelwe kubo uluhlu igalelo okanye, ngokulandelelana, eziguquguqukayo kwimveliso.
• unit arithmetic, okanye ibhloko izigqibo. Siyafana yoxande. Iyunithi ukubonisa kufuneka: "ukusebenza", "iqela imisebenzi."

Kodwa ngoncedo imizobo block kuboniswe ngesisombululo ubuchule yomgama. Okulandelayo, makhe sithethe ngeempawu sabele imilinganiselo.

ubuchule yomgama azo

Okwenziwayo aphantsi xa ubuchule azo - esi sabelo eziguquguqukayo ixabiso ethile. Kwimeko apho ixabiso rhoqo emiselwe imilo ushicilelo yayo, bafumana ixabiso ethile variable kuphela nje ngenxa sabelo. Oku kwenzeka ngeendlela ezimbini: ngokusebenzisa lo myalelo sabelo; ngokufaka imiyalelo.

Umzekelo algorithm ukuxazulula linear

Nanku umzekelo inkcazo imithetho ukwahlulwa amaqhezu kunye algorithm yomgama ukuba iincwadi zesikolo kufuneka isiqulatho:

• elingaphezulu kwe iqhezu 1 kufuneka liphindaphindwe idinomineyitha iqhezu 2;
• 1 elingezantsi ukuba liphindaphindwe kwinani 2;
• ufuna ukubhala iqhezu, ogama kwinani kusisiphumo ukuphunyezwa kumhlathi 1, kunye nenani elingaphezulu - ngumphumo amanqaku a-2. Ifom aljibra yalo mthetho ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

a / b: c / d = (a * d) / (b * d) = m / n.

Ngoko ke, siya kwakha algorithm computer ukuba ukwahlula amaqhekeza. Ukunqanda uphazamiseko, siza kusebenzisa kuba yezahlukileyo ke iintsingiselo efanayo ifomula eye elikhankanywe ngasentla. a, b, c, d- data yoqobo njengoko variables elipheleleyo. Umphumo iya kuba amaxabiso apheleleyo. isisombululo ulwimi algorithmic kuya kuba ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

SAL division of amaqhezu

ekuqaleni

iinjongo kunye, b, c, d, m, n

elawulwa a, b, c, d

m: = a * d

n: = b * ne

Nhoza m, n

umdlalo

izisombululo format Amacebo

Scheme linear algorithm echazwe apha ngasentla ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Unokwabela ixabiso kwiqela unalo format ilandelayo:

Eliguqukayo: = ibinzana.

Umqondiso "=" ufundwa abayabelwe.

Sabelo - iqela, apho kuyimfuneko ikhompyutha ukwenza iintshukumo ezilandelayo:

• Uvavanyo elithi;
• nokwabela amaxabiso variable ifunyenwe.

I algorithm ngenhla imiyalelo ezimbini njengesabelo. Kwibhloko kwisazobe isabelo umyalelo kufuneka kubhalwe uxande, ekuthiwa unit computing.

Xa sichazwa ubuchule yomgama, akukho mfuneko ngokukhethekileyo ukuthobela umyalelo kunye imithetho engqongqo xa ubhala amabinzana. Unokurekhoda usebenzisa nefom zemathematika. Kodwa asiyiyo ngqongqo zombuzo ulwimi lokuprograma.

Kulo mzekelo, i algorithm iye wangena iqela:

Faka a, b, c, d.

Igalelo umyalelo kwi letshati kubhaliwe kwathiwa parallelogram, ngamanye iyunithi igalelo-output. Xa uphumeza lo myalelo, kumqhubekekisi yeny de umsebenzisi uya benze izinto ezithile. Oko kukuthi, umsebenzisi kufuneka isixhobo sokufaka (keyboard) uhlobo longeniso ezahlukeneyo (values zabo) kwaye cinezela Ngena, aye njengoko Enter. Kubalulekile ukuba nezimiso wangena ngendlela efanayo njengoko uluhlu igalelo, ibekwe yezahlukileyo ahambelanayo.

algorithm yomgama. zokuhlela yayo

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngaphambilana kweli nqaku, inkqubo yomgama inokuquka iingxelo ezinjalo:

• sabelo;
• nokubeka;
• isiphelo.

Oko kukuthi, esebenzisa abaqhubi ngentla ukuya kumgama owazisayo uhlelo ubuchule.

Ngoko ke, lo umsebenzisi isabelo kwi ulwimi lokuprograma ibhalwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

MAKHE A = B, apho A - variable B - binzana. Umzekelo, A = Y + 20.

operator entry lumi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

IGALELO, umzekelo: IGALELO C

imveliso data komqhubi, amaxabiso ezibhaliweyo kule fomu:

NOKUSHICELELA. Umzekelo UWAPRINTE AMAGAMA S.

Nanku umzekelo olula. Kufuneka ukuba ubhale inkqubo eza kufumana isixa njengegalelo amanani yezitshixo A no-B

A ulwimi lokuprograma, sifumana i inkqubo, umbhalo yayo eboniswe ngezantsi.

kubaqhubi entry, imveliso kwi Pascal ulwimi lokuprograma

Pascal aliliniki iziko abasebenzisi abakhethekileyo, ebonisa imisebenzi igalelo okanye output asebenzisa ubuchule yomgama. Iinkqubo ze kwabelwane ngolwazi lwenziwa ngoncedo iinkqubo eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi. Ekubeni akukho mfuneko yokuba inkcazo yokuqala inkqubo eqhelekileyo, iyafumaneka kwinkqubo nganye, equlethe kubhekiswa kuyo. Kwakhona igama nkqubo yathi aluveli naliphi na igama.

Xa ungena data usebenzisa baqhubi yokufikelela inkqubo esemgangathweni zokufaka idatha leyo sele ihlanganiswe kwinkqubo.

Funda (A, B, C), apho A, B, C - izinto ngezinto ekufuneka wangena memory for yokugcina.

Readlnn (x1, y, x2) - ngokugcwalisa ungeno, isalathisi utsiba ukuya ekuqaleni kumgca omtsha.

Readlnn; - ibonisa cinezela elinde «Ngena». Ngokuqhelekileyo oku umqhubi lifakwa wokubhaliweyo phambi kweyangoku wokugqibela «Isiphelo», ukusindisa iziphumo zenkqubo imixholo screen.

data Imveliso kwi esweni screen ngokusebenzisa ezi basebenzi:

Bhala (A, B, C) - ecacisa zentsulungeko A, B, C kumqolo omnye, yaye isalathisi angazishiyi umgca yangoku.

Writeln (z, y, z2) - ophela iinqobo imveliso, isalathisi iza kuhamba kumgca omtsha kuloo ndawo.

writeln; - sibonisa ukuba bapase umgca kwaye uye ekuqaleni entsha.

Kodwa ngoncedo iingxelo ezilula kwaye kwenziwa igalelo kunye neziphumo lwe data e Pascal.