Ubume bale iiseli ephilayo

Sinokuthi eziphilayo - yinkqubo entsonkothileyo ukuba wenza imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo kuyimfuneko ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Ziye ke yakhiwa iiseli. Ngoko ke, yahlulwe single-ezineseli kunye multicellular. Isisiseko yeseli nawuphi ephilayo, ngaphandle kobume bayo.

eziphilayo Single ezineseli enye kuphela ziintlobo zeeseli. Xa eziphilayo multicellular unikela ezahlukeneyo iintlobo iseli, ezahluke ingqondo yabo ezisebenzayo. isifundo iiseli ababandakanyekayo cytology, equka inzululwazi kunye eziphilayo.

isakhiwo lweeseli luvulekile phantse efanayo kuhlobo ngalunye. Ahluke ukusebenza, ubukhulu kunye nokumila. Ukwakheka imichiza kwakhona okufana zonke iiseli zezinto eziphilayo. Iseli iqulathe molekyuli eziphambili: RNA, iiprotheni, DNA, polysaccharides kunye lipids izinto. Phantse 80 ekhulwini iseli amanzi. Ukongeza, le nto ndiyibhalayo iswekile, nucleotides, acid kunye nezinye iimveliso zenkqubo othatha indawo kwi kwiseli.

Ubume bale iiseli ephilayo umzimba siqulathe ezininzi amacandelo. kumalungu inwebu yeseli ngaphezulu. It ivumela iseli umthondo izinto ezithile kuphela. Va iseli kwaye inwebu into engamanzi into intercellular. Loo inwebu yi umlamleli kwiinkqubo lotshintshiselwano zenzeka phakathi iseli kunye kulwelo intercellular.

Ilungu iphambili iseli ke kukho icytoplasm. Le nto a viscous, guquki semi-okuqinileyo. Iqulethe organelles, nto leyo yenza inani kwemisebenzi. Ezi zibandakanya ezi ziqendwana zilandelayo: iziko yeseli, i yenyani, isiqalo, mitochondria, reticulum endoplasmic, ribosomes kunye Goldzhi.Kazhdy entsonkothileyo kula macandelo kuthi isakhiwo yeseli.

Yonke kukho icytoplasm siqulathe ezininzi nemingxuma tubular kwaye zenza reticulum endoplasmic. Le nkqubo lonke synthesizes oluhlala nokukhuthaza ulungelelwaniso kukhutshwe iseli. reticulum Endoplasmic ababandakanyekayo leeprothini yokuqaphela.

Ukongeza kuye ngakwicala leeprothini amagama baxakeke ribosome eziqulethe RNA kunye protini. Golgi complex kuchaphazela ukuyilwa lysosomes kwaye oluhlala nezinto eziphilayo. Eli gumbi olukhethekileyo kunye amaqamza kwi eziphelweni.

iziko iseli iqulatha ithole ezimbini ababandakanyekayo kwicandelo cell. iziko Cell ibekwe ecaleni ngqo ngumongo.

Ngoko ngokuthe ngcembe sifika icandelo ephambili isakhiwo iseli - umongo. Le ndawo ibaluleke kakhulu kwiseli. Uqulathe eyona nucleolus, iiprotheni, amafutha, nucleic, carbohydrate zofuzo. Zonke umbilini ongaphakathi uzele incindi yenyukliya. Lonke ulwazi malunga ufuzo ziqulathe zofuzo. Ubume bale iiseli zomzimba bomntu unika 46 zofuzo. iiseli lwegciwane zenziwa up zofuzo 23.

Ubume bale iiseli kwaye ufake yenyani. Makatha iiseli ukusuka ngamasuntswana ulusu kwabafileyo.
Iiseli ngaphandle iinkalo eziphambili kwaye ezinye khompawundi luqulathe ubhalo eziphilayo nezingaphiliyo. Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, iseli ibandakanya amanzi 80 ekhulwini. Enye compound ezingaphiliyo equka kumafa wayo, ukuba ityuwa. Amanzi ludlala indima ebalulekileyo umsebenzi cell. Yeyona abasabela inqununu eekhemikhali nxaxheba, njengoko izinto othwala iiseli kukukhupha evela iikhompawundi eziyingozi. Iityuwa lula usasazo efanelekileyo amanzi kubume yeseli.

Phakathi oganikhi khompawundi thaca: hydrogen, ioksijini, isalfure, intsimbi, nemagnesium, izinc, ne-nitrogen, iodine, phosphorus. Ibalulekile zokutshintshwa oganikhi khompawundi ezintsonkothileyo.

Iseli - amaqela ephambili nayiphi esiphilayo. isakhiwo sayo - zinendlela oluxandileyo, kuba kungekho naziphi na ndoyisiwe. Kungenjalo, oko kuya kukhokelela ekubeni iinkqubo ezifanayo.