Ubume indlebe yabantu

Indlebe - oku umzimba ebaluleke kakhulu, nto leyo ibaluleke kakhulu ubomi zonke izilwanyana kunye nabantu. Ubume indlebe ngokusondeleyo inxulumene nomsebenzi wakhe. Oku kuluncedo ukuva nje kuphela, kodwa intsalela lomzimba, enceda ukuhamba esithubeni. Xa abantu, ekusebenzeni eqhelekileyo licandelo ukuva kwakhona noxanduva lokuphuhlisa zentetho.

Evolution kunye nesakhiwo licandelo ukuva kwizilwanyana. Ngaphambi kokuba siqwalasele iimpawu noshowo indlebe yabantu, iyavakala ukuba baqhelane kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo umzimba kwizilwanyana. Isincedisi kuva elungiselelwe entsa amaza omsindo, nto leyo ibaluleke kakhulu kunxibelelwano phakathi kwabantu, nangenxa basinde.

Xa arthropods amalungu ukuva zimelwe sensilla ezikhethekileyo, akhiwe kwi ezifumaneka, ajike okanye umzimba.

isakhiwo sendlebe intlanzi yayisathe ilula, njengoko ngaba umbutho wokuxoxwa kuphela ingxenye engaphakathi. It is a oluntsonkothileyo nemijelo ezintathu omise, nganye kuzo zilahlwa ngezikwe ngokufanayo nkqo. Xa amagumbi ezizodwa eziqulathe otolith apho aqale oscillate xa abapasa isandi. Yiyo le oscillation ivelisa sazi apho usasazwa ugqithiselwa yaba kwindawo ethile zobuchopho apho ulwazi zaqwalaselwa.

Nabameli eziphila kukho isebe zendlebe, nto leyo kuhlawulwa indlebe. Kukho kwakhona indlebe enye ithambo - endlebeni. Indlebe engaphakathi siyahlukana window phakathi elimbhoxo. Em- indlebe liqhagamshelene oropharynx - inceda alinganayo noxinizelelo.

Kakade ke, isakhiwo sendlebe ezanyisayo uthathwa ukuba kuba nzima kakhulu. Abameli kule klasi, njengoko umthetho, kuye kwasekwa zonke zontathu maqela organ ezikhalayo, kukho pinna, ossicles ezikhalayo, izixhobo otolith uMbumbi ngokupheleleyo inkqubo vestibular.

Indlela emayenziwe ngayo endlebeni yomntu. Indlebe yabantu ibandakanya ezintathu - engaphandle, phakathi kunye ngaphakathi.

Indlebe engaphandle bubonakaliswe pinna kunye meatus lwangaphandle eziviwayo. Pinna - ezinkulu, intlala elastic wambu ngesikhumba. main osemqoka awo - bamba izandi. Le auricle engena emjelweni indlebe leyo ngaphakathi vystelen isikhumba. It iphela basebumnyameni kule indlebe.

Nendlebe iqala kunye indlebe, leyo edlulisela intlokoma isandi ukuya ossicles ezikhalayo - malleus, incus kunye lingaphakathi (ngokuzenzekelayo, oku amathambo zincinane omzimba womntu). Iliza isandi eshukuma emathanjeni, nto leyo ayihambi ngokusebenzisa window elimbhoxo kungena em- kwindlebe engaphakathi. Komgodi tympanic idityanisiwe nasopharynx nge ityhubhu Eustachian - ngaloo ndlela equalized uxinzelelo. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, xa xi kuma iindlebe eziphakamileyo okanye isandi olukhulu kakhulu "ngokubekwa". Kulo mzekelo, wazamla kusincede ebhenisiweyo - umlomo kunciphisa amathuba umonakalo indlebe.

Ubume kwindlebe engaphakathi, mhlawumbi nzima kakhulu. Luquka ezi ekubeni kukho esisodwa, apho embundwini uyazimela, noqebeyi nemisele ezintathu omise. UMnenke - oku yeyona ndawo ibalulekileyo iqumrhu ukuva, oko Uyakuva ngoko ngayo amaza isandi kwaye luguqula zibe azilawule luvo.

Ngaphakathi njengecochlea mibono membranous izaliswe ulwelo okhethekileyo. On kweendonga zayo emi receptors ezithile, ezo zimelwe iiseli iinwele. iseli ngalinye lifumana oscillation nkovu ngaphakathi imeyizi sikuphendule kube yimitha yombane leyo ngakumbi idluliselwe luvo eziviwayo kumaziko zobuchopho.

imisele Ezintathu omise sendlebe yangaphakathi zezi analyzer vestibular, nenoxanduva orientation kwisithuba, eshukumayo imbono yobume yomzimba.

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuqatshelwe ukuba isakhiwo indlebe yabantu inzima kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba lo ziko lijongene imisebenzi emininzi komzimba womntu. Okunye okunika umdla kukuba abantwana abanala makhwiniba bekhubazekile of kuzwa mabanganxibelelani ngesiqhelo, nangona kukho inyaniso yokuba inkqubo intetho lonke (ulwimi, pharynx, uyakhala) kusebenza kakuhle.