Mononuclear unikeza: imizekelo, iintlobo. Mononuclear imizekelo isigwebo engenabuntu

Ngokwemiqathango isintaksi, isivakalisi - le yenye iiyunithi ezisisiseko zolwimi. Lubonakala yi ukuphelela kwisemantiki kunye intonational nesisekelo ngokuyimfuneko ntetho. Ngolwimi Russian isiseko Isimaphambili ukuze luqulathe igama elinye okanye amabini amalungu ezingundoqo.

Ingcamango-NMMU olunye-compound

Iintlobo kwezindululo olunye-composition ngemizekelo nezibonwayo zibe ibonisa umbandela theoretical component kwi "ukuma kwezivakali zemveli" ulwimi Russian.

isakhiwo Syntactic nge isiseko kuqulethe intloko nesivisa, okuthiwa ingxenye-emibini. Umzekelo: mna andiyithandi isiphumo esibulalayo (VS Vysotsky).

Izindululo ezisekelwe iqulethe kuphela enye kuthiwa omnye-isiziba amalungu eziphambili. amabinzana anjalo ingqiqo epheleleyo yaye akukho mfuneko kwikota ehamba yesibini. Kwenzeka ukuba ubukho bakhe nje akunakwenzeka (kwezi zivakalisi engenabuntu). Imisebenzi yobugcisa basoloko kakhulu kusetyenziswa mononuclear inika imizekelo kwiincwadi: ibunzi mp nxamnye window yeglasi (Mayakovsky). Akukho mba, kodwa kulula ukubuyisela :. "I" Le ubuncinane of mnyama (K.K.Sluchevsky). Isiphakamiso akanalo kwaye akangekhe sifundo.

Ekudla ngokuba mononuclear elula inika eqhelekileyo ngokwaneleyo. Imizekelo yokusetyenziswa yiyo le: - ukuya phi? - Ngelo movie.

iziphakamiso Mononuclear ziye zohlulwa ngokwendidi:

1. denominative (kunye isiseko zesifundo).

2. Ngenxa isivisa:

• siqu;
• engenabuntu.

Izahlulo izivakalisi ezimbaxa kunokuba ukunikezwa mononuclear. Imizekelo: Asiyi sithi ichibi elihle akukho nto ehlabathini: ngamnye kuthi, naliphi aswiti icala layo (V.G.Rasputin). Le design isivakalisi esimbaxa equka ezintathu ezilula: 1 - nye-sifuba HIV-abucala, 2 - mononuclear akabhekisi mntwini, 3 - ezimbini-inxalenye.

Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuhlola iintlobo mononuclear zezindululo kunye imizekelo, ikakhulu zimelwe kwi imisebenzi uncwadi. Oku kuya kuvumela ukwenza umfanekiso olugqityiweyo lwe syntax enjalo.

Iziphakamiso ukuba

Isiseko kwezindululo nominative - kuphela sifundo. iintlobo ezahlukileyo binzana: izibizo kwimeko nominative: Spring noloyiso (S.A.Vasilev). Okanye ibinzana (esibizo isibizo nominative + kwimeko genitive ..): Iintsuku iingoma kunye nemibala (S.A.Vasilev).

izindululo Denominative unokuba non-proliferation: North. Ingabe. Ithemba (VS Vysotsky). Kokuhlambeleyo: Umhlaba Without Borders (VS Vysotsky), kuxhomekeke ukuba ukongeza le nkcazelo.

Ngokuqinisekileyo, kwezivakalisi lobuqu - uhlobo siqu

mononuclear Personal inika imizekelo apho zakhe zinikwe apha ngasezantsi, bonisa ukuqhama lolwimi kunye nendlela yokubonisa neentsingiselo ezahlukeneyo.

kwezivakalisi Mononuclear, apho umntu uthe wavakalisa ngokusesikweni, kodwa ngokulula wambuyisela, kuthiwa zobuqu. Kwakhona eqhelekileyo kunye non-ukwanda. Xa indima njengesivisa - isenzi ezisikelwe (1, abantu 2), kwi isinye okanye yesininzi, xa abonakalisa okanye kunyanzelekile. Kwathi Ezi zindululo yomntu othile (isithethi okanye interlocutor). Xa imisebenzi ababhali fiction basebenzisa udidi "omnye-piece umnikelo HIV-yabucala", imizekelo zombongo:

• Ukutya (SAEsenin) (isenzi - nesenzi kwi mood 1l olubonakalisiweyo, kwisinye).
• Ntle, ulwandle (Pushkin) (isenzi-isivisa - xa umntu ifomu kunyanzelekile 2 isinye)!

Nanini-siqu

imisebenzi Pass enze ubuso elingaqondakaliyo (isifundo). Isenzi na umntu 3, isininzi, langoku okanye eladlulayo kwi kubonisa kwaye semeko langoku :

• Kodwa ke iintombi abathathu amagqwirha (VS Vysotsky) (isenzi -. A prosh.vr isenzi, mn.chisla onqwenela afihle ..).
• Bathi, ukuba uthi ewe ke, kodwa - hayi, akukho namnye uzifelayo ilize (VS Vysotsky) (njengesivisa -. Kwesenzi kwixesha langoku, kwi l-3 kunye pl).
• Babethanda undinike isiqwenga akile ezintandathu kufutshane mveliso imoto (Sholokhov) (isenzi-nesivisa ekwimo isininzi esimo).

iziphakamiso siqu kakhulu ngokubanzi

Eli qela olunye-ubume inika ezinye iingcali zeelwimi (Babaytseva VV, AA Shakhmatov et al.) Ngaba nezinabantu ngendlela eyahlukileyo, njengoko amazwi izivisa ezi definiteness efana kunye elingenammiselo-zobuqu zahluke kuphela intsingiselo yazo. Bathi nesivisa has ixabiso jikelele. Uyilo anjalo adla ngokusetyenziswa ngokuntsonkotha kunye namazwi: Ngaba ungathanda ihamba - ezifana neengcambu. Musa nekhulu engange, nekhulu nabahlobo. Xa Andikumxokisa - wakha waba lixoki.

Xa ukufunda isihloko "anikele yabucala mononuclear" mizekelo kubaluleke kakhulu, ukususela zinceda ngokucacileyo ukuba ukujonga uhlobo lwesakhiwo syntactic nomnye wamalungu eziphambili, yaye ukwahlula phakathi kwabo.

umnikelo engenabuntu

Mononuclear izivakalisi nje (Umzekelo: yalifumana mnyama kwangoko ingxolo entlokweni yam ..) Ngaba yahlukile kwi yobuqu ukuba akukho kwaye akangekhe sifundo.

Isivisa ingavezwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo:

• Isenzi esithi: Kwaya mnyama. Ndiziva abagulayo.
• Isenzi ingxelo zobuqu ngohlobo esithi: Ngelo icala ingubo yam. Oko lngaba kude. Unethamsanqa! Andikwazi kulala.
• isihlomelo Isimaphambili (udidi karhulumente okanye amagama nje-Isimaphambili): Kwathi cwaka kakhulu (IA Bunin). Yinto odibene. Okubuhlungu.
• Esithi: Akukho mfuneko emqolombeni phantsi ehlabathini ziyatshintsheka (A.V.Makarevich).
• ILizwi-kuphika "hayi" kwaye kwisuntswana elibi "hayi": isibhakabhaka mafu esibhakabhakeni. Isazela, nto!

iintlobo isivisa kwizindululo single-nokwakheka

Xa Ezolimi Russian isivisa imelwe ziintlobo ezintathu:

1. kwisenzi Simple. Enye oluvakaliswe kwesenzi naluphi na uhlobo.
2. kwisenzi ephindeneyo. Siqulathe nethi nesenzi, kunye nemisipha.
3. igama ephindeneyo. Kuye nje inxalenye yesenzi, yaye igama esiqhumeni, leyo ungaboniswa njenge asilogama, isibizo, ixesha ebelidlula okanye i isandiso.

Kwi-single-ubume izindululo ukuhlangabezana nazo zonke ezi ntlobo izivisa.

Cool (mononuclear isivakalisi engenabuntu). UMZEKELO isivisa isenzi kunye Umatshini zivunyelwe kwixesha langoku, kodwa ebonakala kwixesha elidlulileyo ndibhe-. Igama Icandelo libizwa udidi karhulumente.

Xa isindululo lobuqu eqinisekileyo: Makhe ngezandla, abahlobo (B.Sh.Okudzhava) -skazuemoe isenzi elula.

Isivakalisi elingenammiselo-personal: Akukho abafuni ukuva kuwe (O.Ermachenkova) - isenzi - isenzi ezisikelwe + nethi.

izindululo denominative Mononuclear - imizekelo eyakhiwa ngegama nesenzi isivisa ngeqanda lungu kwixesha langoku. Ngokuqhelekileyo, xa zibekwe ecaleni amasuntswana nominative zokwalatha: Nantsi itikiti lakho, loo nto imoto yakho (VS Vysotsky). Ukuba izindululo nominative thaca kwixesha elidlulileyo, ukuba eziguqulelwe kwi part-ezimbini isindululo. Thelekisa: Ngaba itikiti lakho, ukuba imoto yakho.

Mononuclear nezivakalisi ezingaphelelanga

Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukwahlula phakathi ubuso part-ezimbini isiphakamiso olunye-compound. Kwi-single-composition engekho omnye wamalungu engundoqo intsingiselo yesivakalisi akatshintshi. Umzali unako Sexy nayiphi na inxalenye yesigwebo, kunye nentsingiselo lungenakuqondeka ngaphandle kwe nomxholo: Ngokwahlukileyo - itafile. Nanamhla.

Kwezinye iimeko kunzima ukwahlula phakathi izivakalisi zobuqu ngamaqela yaye inxalenye ezimbini ayiphelelanga. Oku ngokuyintloko libhekisela isivisa oluvakaliswe kwesenzi kwixesha elidlulileyo. Umzekelo: Bendicinga - baza badla (Pushkin). Ngaphandle kokuba umongo osisiseko zingenakuqinisekiswa ngo-1 okanye ezi-3 ubuso Isenzo esetyenzisiweyo. Ukuze ukuba wenze impazamo, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba umntu ayixhomekekanga kwesenzi kwixesha elidlulileyo, ngoko le part-ezimbini isivakalisi ayiphelelanga.

Of ubunzima ethile ngumahluko phakathi part-ezimbini isindululo engaphelelanga kwaye yesivakalisi, umz: Night. ebusuku Frosty. nobusuku kule lali. Ukwenzela ukuphepha iingxaki, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba into - ilungu minor besive vavisa. Ngoko ke, isigwebo "Night Kwilizwe" - ezingaphelelanga-inxenye ezimbini kunye njengesivisa edityanisiweyo ngegama, apho isahlulo ngomlomo lishiyiwe. Thelekisa: ebusuku weza elalini. ebusuku Frosty. Esi siphakamiso nominative ngenxa definition uyavumelana kwisifundo, kungeso Isichazi "frosty" ubonakalise ilungu engundoqo "ebusuku".

Ekuhloleni isintaksi, kubalulekile ukwenza imithambo uqeqesho, yaye ndizele oku kuyimfuneko ukuhlalutya iintlobo kwezindululo olunye-ukwakheka ngemizekelo.

Indima ngesivakalisi esinye-ezimbaxa ngolwimi

Xa ukubhala nokuthetha mononuclear isithembiso ukuba badlale indima ebalulekileyo. Kanye kwezivakalisi ngendlela ngqo kunye eshwankathelwe kunokwenzeka ukuqulunqa ingcamango eqaqambileyo ezimibalabala, inceda ukubonakalisa imifanekiso okanye izinto. Babanike iingxelo uthsintsho kunye nesithukuthezi kuvumela ukuba bajolise kwisifundo esithile okanye izifundo. Omnye-composition izindululo nga enciphisa milembelele lungelelanisa izimelabizo.