Ugonyo ADSM abadala: Izimo, iingxaki, kunye nohlaziyo

Ngoko kwenzeka ukuba uninzi abadala kunye ngokwaneleyo abantu abafundileyo bakholelwa ukuba ibinzana elithi "lokugonya" zingangqamana kuphela abantwana. ugonyo olungachanekanga ebudaleni kanye njengokuba ezifanelekileyo njengomntwana.

ADSM - yintoni

ADSM iileta bayazazi kuthi ukususela ebuntwaneni. Yintoni i ADSM-ugonyo? abadala ziqonde nabantwana eyenzelwe sokugonya efanayo. Esi shunqulelo "DSA" lithetha "Diphtheria Toxoid-Stobnyachny", unobumba "M" imela "ezincinane", ngamanye amazwi kunye nokuphungulwa mali antigen sokugonya.

ADSM - ugonyo ukuba isifo tetanus ukubola komqala. Ugonyo ADSM abadala zikwafuneka, ngokunjalo nabantwana, kuba likhusela ngokuchaseneyo tetanus ukubola komqala. Isitofu sokugonya ibandakanya adsorbed ndenziwe nyulu kwi-aluminiyam hayidroksayidi, tetanus ukubola komqala toxoids. toxoid lihlanjululwe - iphathwa, oko kukuthi, buthi pathogen buthathaka, buthathaka nje ngokwaneleyo ukwenza nto imbi, ukuba umzimba womntu, lo gama kugcinwe ubuchule ukukhuthaza imveliso sifo.

Indlela of action ADSM

abadala Ugonyo ADSM emzimbeni elibuthathaka wazisa tetanus ukubola komqala buthi, egciniweyo iimpawu zazo immunogenic. Ityhefu kubangele, ukuphendula phambi kwimveliso omzimba ezithile umzimba. Baya kuza kutshabalalisa ukubola komqala kunye nominxano.

Ngokomfanekiso, ugonyo ngandlela ethile efana licinywe, isisu, uhlobo kwezifo ezosulelayo ayibeki isoyikiso kubomi babantu kunye vaktsinanta nempilo kunye ovelisa izixhobo enganyangekiyo zokhuselo iminyaka emininzi.

Iimpawu babase kwisitofu ADSM

Ugonyo ADSM abadala alawulwa qho kwiminyaka elishumi yobomi, oko kukuthi, iminyaka elishumi emva ugonyo yokugqibela, nokuba yintoni ubudala ukuba ngexesha kogonyo, ngoko de ukufa kwakhe.

Ukuba ugonyo uhulumeni kantu ugonyo yokugqibela yaziswa kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-20 eyadlulayo, umntu mazigonywe kabini, oko kanye kwakhona neentsuku ezongezelelweyo 40.

Kwimeko apho umntu omdala onke zitofwe okokuqala, eli yeza unikwa kathathu. Re-ugonyo ADSM abadala izigulane sihlume zaseprayimari eyabelwe iintsuku ezingama-40 emva kokuba yokuqala, yaye okwesithathu eli yeza unikwa nje unyaka emva kokuba wesibini.

Ukongeza, kukho ugonyo ADSM engxamisekileyo. Kukholelwa iziguli ukuba babe inxeba zingcoliswe, ukuba ugonyo yangaphambili kuthwalelwa phandle kwiminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu edluleyo.

Abantu abadala ngakumbi kufuneka revaccination ADSM, njengoko kufuneka ukuba amajoni omzimba aba buthathaka kwaye susceptibility olwandisiweyo izifo. Kufuneka lokukhathalela ADSM, wayebhekisela ukubakhona kwezifo imvelaphi enzima. Kulo mzekelo, ubukho ikhosi ezingapheliyo kubonisa ngokupheleleyo ukuba revaccination.

Izimo ukuba nokugonywa ADSM

Kukho iimeko apho ugonyo kwenziwe ADSM. Izimo e abadala izigulane eziinzi kunye nobukho sifo kakhulu immunodeficiency, aleji amacandelo yokulungiselela, kusabela kuyo olu gonyo elidlulileyo. Ugonyo ADSM isalityaziswa kwabasetyhini ngethuba lokukhulelwa zisanyisa. Libuye iiveki phezu ezimbini ukusukela kumhla angalulama izifo ezihlasela zosulele ngokuphefumla.

Iindlela nokugonywa ADSM

Toxoid ADSM Kubonakala ngathi ukunqunyanyiswa ezimhlophe wahlulelene kwi yokubeka transparent kukubola ulwelo nodaka. Ngoko ke, ngaphambi kokuba kuvulwe toxoid igutyana ngamandla kufuneka vuthululani ukunqunyanyiswa de iqhagamshela epheleleyo.

Ngokufuthi mpikiswano kwanokubuyisela womnatha kwi nesihloko, apho wenze ADSM zigonywe abadala. Iimbambano weva maxa wambi ehexisayo amanqaku, kutheni akukho namnye zigonywe phantsi igxalaba, kunye nezinye - kule ezinqeni.

ADSM toxoid unako ufakwe intramuscularly, kwaye ikota yesangqa eliphezulu olungaphandle gluteal kunye Antero-lwangaphandle inxalenye yesithathu phakathi yifemur kunye incakuba. A idosi enye ye- toxoid - 0.5 ml.

Ngenxa amathuba uhlobo reactions ngokukhawuleza hyperallergic ukuba ofisi vaktsinantami iyure emva iinaliti ukunika mkhanya. amagumbi Ugonyo mayixhotyiswe ivale zonyango anti-kukothuka.

Vaccination Guide

Ekuphunyezweni olu gonyo wenziwe ngokungqongqo ulandela imithetho.

Ugonyo kufuneka iisirinji ngokungqongqo engenazintsholongwane ezilahlwayo wenziwe. Ungaze uzixube zokugonya ezahlukeneyo. Ngaxeshanye ADSM nga maliqhutywe nayiphi sokugonya ngaphezu BCG, kodwa elowo kubo yaziswa iisirinji ezahlukeneyo kwiindawo ezahlukahlukeneyo zomzimba.

Phambi ukuphunyezwa ugonyo kuyimfuneko ukuhlola ngenyameko igutyana ukwenzela ukuqinisekisa ukufaneleka kwayo. Asihambelani ukusetyenziswa ezineengqayi sokugonya kunye iimpawu ezibonakalayo umonakalo, elinemibala luzizi, kunye notshintsho ezicaceleyo umxholo wayo. Soloko hlola ubomi imveliso ezikhabhathini, iimeko zokugcina zikhona.

Inkqubo Ugonyo lwenziwa ngokuthobela ngokupheleleyo kunye neemfuno ze asepsis kunye antisepsis. Igutyana wavula esetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo kwaye kufuneka igcinwe. Idatha kwi inani lothotho, umhla imveliso kunye nomhla ugonyo ziya kufakwa kwi-logbook kunye vaktsinanta data yokundwendwela.

imiphumela emibi

idluliselwa njani nzima ugonyo ADSM abadala? Ukuphonononga kuthungelwano lwe iimvakalelo emibi emva Ukuchumisa zixutywe ngokupheleleyo. Umntu akazange va nto, umntu wabonakala, kunye namaqondo umntu ukubanda waziva egula kakhulu, umntu inaliti ezitum ezinobubi, umntu ngenxa intlungu aphakamise isandla sakhe. Ke kuzo zonke iimeko, waba zigonywe ADSM. side effects abadala (ekubhekiselwe kuwo ayibona ngayo indlela isitofu) xa ugonyo ADSM na eqhelekileyo. Abayi kubonisa ekuqaleni kwesi sifo, kwaye kukuchaza kabanzi a kumajoni omzimba womntu. Emva kwexesha elithile, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga akukho iziphumo ngokwabo. Ngapha koko, enye reactogenic omncinanana phakathi kwemithi Ukuchumisa sogonyo kanye ADSM.

ziziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwi abadala nga ha kombisa ngokwalo ngokohlobo reactions jikelele nabeengingqi. Ba, kuxhomekeke imeko ngamnye umzimba womntu, kukho ukukhanya kwaye inzima.

Kwiiyure zokuqala 48 inokubonakalisa ukunyuka elifutshane lobushushu kunye oluthile, kunye neentlungu, bomvu, ukudumba kuyo inaliti. uphawu zingavela ngohlobo na amanqathana, kodwa loo nto ilungile. Yena ke apha kwiiveki ezimbalwa ngokupheleleyo ngokuzimeleyo ukusombulula. Kufuneka sazi ukuba le ndawo ayikwazi ufudumale, njengoko oku kungabangela yimbi. Kakhulu abafane ukusabela namachiza okanye nezidlo.

Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha, okanye ukukhanya, okanye yokusabela kakhulu lokugonya azithathwa lwezidumbu, ekubeni akanayo neziphumo ngokuzingisileyo empilweni. Kakade ke, ukuba subjectively ubenetloni, kodwa hayi ibangela naziphi na ukunyhashwa kamva.

Post-nokugonywa iingxaki ADSM

Ugonyo ADSM ibonelela iingxaki abadala zinqabile kakhulu, kodwa ke, ngokutsho manani, olwenzekayo kwezi meko zimbini nganye-100 lamawaka. Vaktsinantov. By the post-ugonyo ezinobuzaza ADSM ziquka:

1. iimeko namachiza okanye nezidlo ezithile ezifana post-ugonyo mothuko anaphylactic kunye angioedema, kunye nefom urticaria ngokubanzi.

2. Post-ugonyo kobuchopho.

3. meningitis Post-ugonyo.

Utywala kunye nokugonywa ADSM

Utywala ne ADSM yesitofu engahambelaniyo ngokupheleleyo. Phambi kosuku apho olu gonyo ezicwangcisiweyo ADSM, abadala vaktsinantam nikhumke kulo iziselo ezinxilisayo iintsuku ubuncinane ezimbini.

Emva kogonyo, benesidima kufuneka sixhaswe ngeentsuku ezintathu. Kuphela koko wavumela solawulo avumele ukuqeshwa iziselo ezinxilisayo ephantsi ngeedosi engephi. Emva kweveki, umhla ugonyo uvumelekile ukuba aqalise ukusetyenziswa kotywala ngendlela eqhelekileyo.

Ukuba wenza uthatha utywala emva kogonyo, akukho nto iza kwenzeka, kodwa ubukhali reactions ezibi inokuba ixesha elide. Ngokuchasene imvelaphi kunxilwe utywala kunokwandisa indlela lobushushu kungandisa ukufukuka kunye neentlungu kuyo inaliti, nangesiselo esinamandla kangaka phakathi evekini emva kogonyo kufuneka kuphetshwe.

Abantu abadala Akudingeki ukuba revaccinated ADSM lokugonya. Tetanus ukubola komqala ziyingozi, ukuba kunokuphumela ekufeni. Ngqi asinyangeki nokuba phantsi kweemeko zangoku. Ukubola komqala ngayo, kodwa iingxaki eziyingozi. ADSM ayenziwanga sokugonya reactogenic na ukunyamezeleka kakuhle, eneminyaka engama-10 alandele-up iza kubonelela nezifo.

Ngaphambi AD ukubola komqala ugonyo isiqingatha kufa, 85% ezigulane ukufa nosulelo ngqi. A Inani amazwe afana ne-United States, wenza iinzame bashiye ugonyo nxamnye unkonkonko, tetanus ukubola komqala. Yaphela lo bhubhani, yaye ugonyo sele uqalwe kwinkqubo karhulumente.