Uhlobo ngokwayo inkukhu yeqanda: kuthiwa yintoni?

Ukuzaliswa kweenkukhu kwenziwa ngokulandela iinjongo ezahlukeneyo: ukufumana inyama yokutya okanye amaqanda. Ukwamkela amaqanda imihla ngemihla ngobuninzi, i -hen yeeyayi ngokwayo ibalulekile . Njengoko kubizwa kwaye kubukeka, funda kwinqaku.

Ulwazi jikelele

Iintlobo zeenkukhu ezibeka iqanda zihlukile. Kodwa kukho impawu eyaziwayo kuwo wonke umntu.

Ngaloo ndlela, ukuzala ngokwayo iqanda leeqanda, inkcazo ezayo eya kunceda ekuhleleni ukunyamekela ngokufanelekileyo, inezinto ezilandelayo:

• Isigaba samasokisi amaqanda siza kusasa. Kwiinyanga ezine ukuya ezintlanu emva kokuzalwa, iinkukhu sele ziphethe amaqanda.
• Ixesha elide ligcina ukukhiqizwa kweqanda eliphezulu: iminyaka emithathu ukuya emine.
• Izinkukhu zinomkhuhlane ophezulu.
• Iintaka zasekhaya zincinci ezincinci zilinganisa ezimbini okanye ezintathu iikhilogram.
• Izinkukhu zilula, zihambahamba, zineziqholo eziphuculwe kakuhle, amacici kunye namagqabi.
• Amaqanda athathwe kanye ngosuku.
• Ubunqabileyo beqanda-inkuku kukuba akunqabile ukutshiya iinkukhu.
• Ukwenza igobolondo, inkukhu idinga i-calcium, ekufuneka ifumane imihla ngemihla.
• Ukutya okulungileyo. Ukuba kunokwenzeka ukubonelela uhla lwamahhala, amaqanda amaqanda angavuna iipesenti ezingamashumi amahlanu ezondlo ngokwabo.

Njengomthetho, iintlobo zeenkukhu ezibekwe ngamaqanda azinakumba ukufumana inyama. Oku kungenakuncedo kwaye kungonakali, njengentaka inomlinganiselo omncinci, umzimba wayo unomdla kwaye awufanelekile ukupheka inyama yezidlo.

Iintlobo ezininzi ezikhulayo zeenkukhu-kunye nesithombe esicacile ngokubonakalayo-zinamagama amaninzi. Abalimi bafumana iintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo zee hybridi ezivelisayo (iminqamlezo). NguLeGHORN, umhlophe waseRashiya, obalaseleyo, oncinci, uAiland, uLoman Brown nabanye.

Inkukhu emhlophe

"Yiyiphi intlobo yeenkukhu ezithwala kakhulu iqanda?" - Wonke umfuyi weentaka ucela ukuthengwa kweziqendu. Zininzi zazo, kodwa iinguqu ezimhlophe zifanelwe intlonipho ekhethekileyo. Olu luhlobo lwezinkukhu luyaziwayo kakhulu kwilizwe lethu. Ikhulile kwiifama zeenkukhu kwizinga lezentengiselwano, ininzi enkulu intaka ithengwa ngabantu.

Ziziphi iintlobo zeenkukhu ezithwala kakhulu iiqanda? I-leggorn ye-White isinye sezihluma ezivelisa kakhulu, kunyaka amaqanda angamaqhekeza angamakhulu amathathu nangaphezulu. Umntwana oneminyaka yokuqala uyaphumelela. Amaqabunga aphezulu. Lezi zinkukhu ezilula kakhulu. Ibhere lilingana neekhilogram ezimbini, kunye nejongwe - malunga neyesithathu.

I-Leggorns ziintaka ezineziqheno eziziqhenkcezayo kunye nomzimba ophezulu. Intloko incinci ezinkukhu. Ibomvu elibomvu licaca, iimbosi zimila, kwaye ukubekwa kuphezu kwecala. Amehlo enkukhu anokukwazi ukutshintsha umbala. Kwiintaka ezincinci, zikhanyisa i-orange. Umbala we-paws, kwakhona, utshintsho. Ekuqaleni zibanegolide ezikhanyayo, kwaye ngokukhawuleza zibuhlaza obomvu. Amacici kuphela ahlale emhlophe, kunye nomlenze - ophuzi.

Izinkukhu ezibomvu ezimnyama

Izinkukhu zinomkhiqizo onokuthandana kunye nobuchule obuhlukile bokuzivumelanisa nesimo sezulu. Ezi nzalo zinikwe impilo enempilo kunye nokunyanzeliswa okuncinci kwizifo nezifo. Ukuba ucela malunga nohlobo ngokwayo iqanda leqanda, njengoko bethetha, impendulo ilula: yi-loman brown. Olu hlobo lusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiRashiya naseYurophu.

Ababelethi bazisa uhlobo lweentlobo ezimbini zokubala imibala emanzini: obumdaka (omnyama obomvu) kunye nokukhanya (ephukile emhlophe). Kwizinkukhu, iintsiba zihlala zimnyama. Iintlukwano ezibalulekileyo, ngaphezu kwimibala yeentsiba, ezi ntlobo ze-subspecies. Ukubonakala kweenkukhu kunokukwazi ukuba yeyiphi ubudala. Ukuba amacici kunye ne-scallop ekhanyayo, kwaye isikhumba kwi-paws sinqabile, sibane, nge-golden hue, iinkukhu zincinci. Abadala be-hens banomnye umqathango wokugqiba iminyaka, le yintsimbi. Kulukhuni kwinqanaba leekatatinized.

Amafama enkukhu aseRashiya akhangwa kulolu hlobo ukuze akhule iinkukhu kwiimeko zesimo sezulu esinzima, umzekelo, eSiberia. Ekubeni kwindleko yokutya ephezulu yeekhalori, amazinga amaqanda awayehla awanciphise nakubanda kakhulu: amaqanda angama-320-340 ngonyaka.

Inkcazo yembonakalo yombala obomvu

Uhlobo ngokwayo iqanda leeqanda lilandelelanisa ilandelayo:

• Ubuninzi bendalo, inzululwane, inombulelo apho kungekho ziinkathazo kunye nokusinda kwindawo entsha.
• Ubushushu bokuqala buqala, emva kweenyanga ezintathu nesigxina inkukhu izisa iqanda lokuqala. Inyanga kamva, amaqanda amathathu namashumi amabini ngonyaka.
• Akukho ndawo yokukhuluphala.
• Kukhanya ngenxa yobunzima bayo: ukusuka kwesinye nesiqingatha ukuya kweekhilogram ezimbini.
• Unomzimba oqinileyo kunye nekhefu lobukhulu obukhulu.
• Amaphiko aphuhliswa kakuhle.

Uhlobo lwaseRussia lweenkumbi ezimhlophe

Olu luhlobo lulona lukhulu lweqanda eRussia. Ngoko ke, ikhula ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunezinye, kwaye amaqanda athengiswa. Uhlobo lwaluzalwe kwiminyaka engamashumi amahlanu ekhulwini lokugqibela kwaye lubonwa njengeyona nkqayi kwilizwe lethu de kube ngo-1965. Uphuhliso lwaluphakamileyo, amaqanda angama-190 ngonyaka, elilingana ne-60 grams nganye. Kodwa ekuhambeni kwexesha, ukulima kwesi sizukulwana kwimilinganiselo yokuvelisa yaba yinzuzo, njengokuba iinkukhu ezimhlophe zangaphandle zikhuphisana kakhulu nakwiRashiya. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, inani leenkukhu ezimhlophe eRashiya liyeke. Okwangoku, i-old man's white chicken igcinwe kwiifama zamaRiphablikhi ase-Central Asia zangaphambili zaseSoviet Union.

Inkcazo yohlobo lweenkukhu ezimhlophe

Olu luhlobo lweqanda-hen luhlala lubhalwe ngokufanayo. Ekutsaleni kwayo, kwakukho iinguqu ezimhlophe zangaphandle kunye neenkukhu ze-mongrel. Izinkukhu ezimhlophe azixhatshali kwii-microorganisms, ezibizwa ngokuba ngama-neoplasms. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, iinkukhu zalolu hlobo ziyanomdla kuloo nzu lulwazi njenge-biology. Izazinzulu zakha amayeza aphephile, kwaye i-shishini livelisa.

Unokufunda iinkukhu zalolu hlobo ngokuchaza:

• Intloko ebunzulu yobukhulu obuphakathi.
• Ikhefu likhulu ngobukhulu kunye neentsimbi ezihlanu zeentonga. Ifana nomfanekiso wephepha eliphepheni. Izinkukhu zincinci, zihamba zincinci ukuya kwicala.
• Ubomvu buqine, buphuzi.
• Umzimba unobumba obolongeni, kwaye isifuba sinobuhlungu.
• Intloko, amaphiko nomsila ziphuhlisiwe kakuhle.
• Emilenzeni eluphuzi akukho manzi.
• Umsila ude ubude obude.
• Kwizinkukhu ngolunye usuku lobomi, ulusu lugubungele ngokuluhlaza. Kwizingane ezikhulile, utshintsho oluguquguqukayo luya kwiintsiba ezimhlophe.
• I-Russian yaseRussia yinkomo enkulu yezinkukhu ezizaliswa yiqanda. Iqanda elikhulu lilingana ukuya kumashumi mathandathu igramu, ipeyinti emhlophe.

Uhlobo aluzithobeki, kodwa luvelisa kakhulu - ukuya kumaqanda angama-240 ngonyaka.

Inkukhu encinci: inkcazo

Iintaka zeli hlanga azikona nje ukuveliswa kweqanda eliphezulu, kodwa ziyakuvuyisa amehlo omnini ngobuhle. Ezi zinkukhu zinokuba nombala omnyama ngamagqabi, ebonisa ukukhanya okuluhlaza okomnyama. Zibonakaliswe ngombala omhlophe wesiliva. Kule meko, inkukhu encinane inokuhluka ngokwahlukileyo: enye isingatha kwisibini kunye nesiqingatha ukuya kweekhilogram ezintathu, kanti ezinye zifikelela kwisisindo sekhilomitha enye.

Kwizinkukhu ezincinci, i-crest ebonakaliswe ngumfanekiso weqabunga iyimpawu. Ngokuphathelele isakhiwo somzimba, abameli balobu buhlanga banamakhanda amancinci abancinci kunye nemigodi enhle kakhulu.

Olu luhlobo lulona lukhulu lweqanda Okokuqala kwavela kwisiqithi saseSpeyin saseMinorca. Libizwe igama layo ngenhlonipho yendawo yokuhlala yasekuqaleni. Izinkukhu zazingenohluli ngosayizi, kodwa izazi zesayensi zinoyika ukuba zihlaziye umgangatho wamaqanda amancinci ngokuphazamisa i-genotype yayo. Okwangoku, eli nani lezinkukhu liye laphela, kwaye lilondolozwe ngokucophelela kweli lizwe. EYurophu, le ntaka yavela kumbulelo kuTan khan eyamngenisa kwilizwe lethu kwiwaka elinesibhozo elinamanci asibhozo anesihlanu ngonyaka.

Iintlobo kunye neengxaki zeenkukhu zaseMinorca

Ukuba ziintaka ezikhuselekile, ezi zikhuku zinomzimba ococekileyo kwaye zisusela kwiinyanga ezintlanu zithwala amaqanda amakhulu, ubunzima bawo obuvela kwi-70 ukuya kwamashumi asibhozo amagremu. Ukuthetha malunga neentlobo ezininzi zokukhupha iiqanda (kunye nesithombe esingentla apha unokufumana ulwazi malunga nokubonakala kwazo), awukwazi ukushiya ukukhankanya uhlanga, olubizwa ngokuba yiNcinci. Inyani kukuba bathatha amaqanda ama-150 ukuya kuma-200 ngonyaka. Igobolondo ngalinye lihamba kakuhle, likhazimule, kwaye loo mveliso ngokwayo isondlo. Inyama encinci ilula, phantse imhlophe, ilungile kwaye ithambile ngokwaneleyo.

Nangona kunjalo, iinkukhu zalolu hlobo azibandakanyi amaqanda, kwaye ukuzaliswa kweenkukhu kubakho kwiincubators. Ngako oko, umlimi othe wagqiba ekubeni neenkukhu zohlobo lweMinorca kwifama yakhe kufuneka aqonde ukuba kuya kubakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba khona kweenkukhu zokukhusela iinkukhu nokwandisa inani lala mankukhu.

Izinkukhu zokuzala zihlobo

Ezi ntaka zineentloko eziphakathi. Ikhefu ithinki, imisa, umzimba uphuhliswa, isifuba nomqolo zibanzi. Umbala weentsiba kunye nobude bawo buhluke: kwinqanaba elibomvu, phakathi kwe-red-brown, kwaye iingcebiso zifakwe kumbala omnyama. Ubukho bomda obumnyama kwiintsiba zifakazela ubungqina bentlobo, iifom zazo ezidluliselwa kwinzala. Ngenxa yolu hlobo, ubulili beenkukhu luzimisele ngokulula. Xa bekunomnye owodwa ubudala, iinkukhu ziyakubona ngokucacileyo indawo emva kwentloko yazo, kodwa ayinayo i-pawn.

Yiyiphi inzala yokubeka iifesi yiyona nto inobunzima beqanda? Ukuzaliswa kwezinkukhu ezinomveliso ophezulu yi-Island Island. Ibhere lokuqala elineminyaka yokuqala livelisa amaqanda amabini amabini ngonyaka kwaye ngaphezulu.

Ukuzala kwezinkukhu eziphezulu

Ziziphi iintlobo zeenkukhu ezithwala kakhulu iiqanda? Jonga umfanekiso ongezantsi wesithombe. Le yenkukhu inamalungelo amaninzi. Iyanzima, ibekezelela ukushisa okubandayo kunye nesomiso ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yimpilo. Akunyaniseki ukubunjwa kokutya. Iyakwazi ukukhipha izinto ezisebenzisekayo kuzo zonke izixube zomgangatho ophazamisayo. Lezi zinkukhu ezinamandla ezinokukhusela ngamandla. Ugula kancinci, kodwa ukuba oko kwenzeka, ngokukhawuleza abuyele kwisifo, ukuba sondliwa kakuhle.

Abathwali benyaka yokuqala bazisa amaqanda amaninzi, amaqanda angama-320, anesisindo ngasinye se-70 grams. Umbala weqanda lala macala landa, ukuba i-calcium kunye neeprotheyini zongezwa rhoqo kwizondlo.