Isityalo seCanola. ICanola Oil

Ukungabikho kokutya kwihlabathi ngoku kubonwa njengengxaki yehlabathi. Ngo-2009, ngokweengcali, inani labantu abahlala kwiimeko zokungondleki okungapheli zibalwa ngaphezu kwabantu abayi-1 bhiliyoni.

Ingxaki yokutya ibangelwa yimeko eyahlukileyo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezi zizathu zentlalo-qoqosho zihambelana nemeko yokuvelisa nokusabalalisa izixhobo, kwezinye iindawo-jikelele, ezibandakanya ukukhula koluntu, utshintsho ekudleni, kwiimeko zezulu kunye nokugqitywa kwemithombo yendalo.

Impumelelo yesayensi yenza izinto eziyimfuneko zokuphelisa ukusongelwa kokutya. Indlela yokuqala kukuphucula ukuzala komhlaba; Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zasolwandle kunye nokusebenza kwamandla. Indlela yesibini kukungeniswa kweempumelelo zesayensi kwiinguqu ezihambelanayo zezityalo zezolimo kunye nokuzaliswa kwezilwanyana ezithembisayo.

Isityalo seCanola (igama lokuthengisa elinye leentlobo ezihlaziyiweyo) ngumzekelo ocacileyo wokufumana umphumo onikeziweyo usebenzisa iindlela zokuzalisa kunye nobunjineli bezofuzo.

UPredecessor

Igama lezityalo lokudlwengulwa nguBrassica napus olifera iMetg. Esi sityalo sotshwala. I Rod - Iklabishi. Usapho - uCruciferae. Endle ayenzeki. Kukholelwa ukuba i-rapeseed isuka ekuhambeni kweturuki zasebusika okanye zasebusika kunye neklabishi.

Ukudlwengula kuhlwayelwe iminyaka eyi-6 leminyaka. Isityalo esinganyangekiyo, esinyanzelayo sokunyamezela esilungileyo kwisimo sezulu eshushu. Ukusasaza izityalo zentwasahlobo kunye nobusika. Iingqolowa, ezikhulile emva kokudlwengulwa, zivelisa isivuno esiphezulu. Isityalo sithuthukisa isakhiwo somhlaba, siphakamisa ukuzala kwayo, siphucule nge nitrogen.

Ukusetyenziswa kodlwengulo

Ukuhlakulela ukuphanga kuyindlela efanelekileyo yokuthengisa izityalo. Inkcubeko isetyenziswa kakhulu. Ekuqaleni, udlwengulo lusetyenziswa njengesityalo esinamafutha , ukubaluleka kokunyuka kakhulu ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20, njengoko kwakusetyenziswa ukuvelisa i-biodiesel.

Ientyatyambo zityalo ziqulethe i-nut. Kuxabiswa njengento enyanzelisayo yokuhlwayela. Uphuhliso lwe-hekta 1 yezityalo - ukuya kwi-90 kg yezinyosi. Ukongezelela, isityalo sisetyenziswe njengesichumisi esiluhlaza.

Ioli ephuziweyo: okulungileyo nokubi

Imveliso ifumaneka kwimbewu ngokucinezela kwi-press screw. Izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo eziphambili ziyafudumala. Imveliso ifumana isicelo kwimveliso yesepha, ukomisa ioli, kwiimveliso zesikhumba kunye neekhumba. Ioli ye-Rapeseed yinto ebalulekileyo ye-biodiesel. Ivelisa i-lubricants kunye nama-hydraulic fluids.

Ukuthintela ukusabalala kwento ehlaziyiweyo kwakunomxholo wesithwathwa esiphambili kwimbewu ye-erucic acid kunye ne-glucosinolate. Ngomxholo ophezulu kwezi zinto, ayifakelwe ukutya nokutya kwezilwanyana.

I-erucic acid enye ye-acid acids. Ayinakuxilongwa kwiimvelo zeemammalian, ukuqokelela kwiimveliso ezihlukahlukeneyo. Izifundo zibonisile: i-erucic acid ibeka ingozi kwimpilo yabantu. Kubangela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu emsebenzini weentliziyo, kuyachaphazela iinqanawa. Umxholo okhuselekileyo wale nkunkuma kwioli uvela kwi-0.3 ukuya kwi-0.6%.

Ziyingozi kwimpilo yabantu nenye i-organic compounds - glycosinolates, thioglycosides kunye neziphumo zazo. Zichaphazela izitho ezahlukahlukeneyo zomntu, zinike ioli iyanambitha.

Abavelisi baye bajolisa zonke iinzame zabo ekuphuhliseni iintlobo ezintsha zokuphanga. Kwakudingeka ukuba unciphise umxholo we-erucic acid kunye ne-glucosinolates kwindawo encinci ekhuselekileyo kwaye ulahlekelwe ukunambitheka okubhaliweyo.

Isityalo seCanola

Ngomnyaka we-1974, umfuyi B. Stefanson eCanada waphuma ibhado lokudlwengula kunye nomxholo ophantsi we-erucic acid kunye ne-glycosinolate. Udidi olutsha lokudlwengulwa lwalubizwa ngokuba yi-canola (i-asidi ye-asidi ye-acid ephansi). Kwakuyimpumelelo yokuthengisa. Igama elibanjwe, laziwa.

Ngoko, yintoni i-canola? Isityalo esahlukileyo sokudlwengulwa komdabu kunye nomxholo ophantsi wokulimaza izilwanyana, kuquka abantu, i-erucic acid kunye ne-glucosinolate. Le nyaniso yayifuna ukucaciswa okucacileyo kweemveliso ezimbini ezahlukileyo kwizityalo ezifanayo. Ioli yokuqala yeemfuno zobuchwepheshe, eveliswe ekudlwengulweni, okwesibini - ukutya okuxabisekileyo okubalulekileyo, okwenziwa kwinqanawa. Oku kuyintloko.

Ubonakala ngathi i-canola? Ngaphandle, akufani nokudlwengulwa. Isityalo sinezimpande ezinzulu kwi-2 meters. Isiqu siqondile, sigubungelwe ngengubo ekhanyayo. Amaqabunga amahlamvu ahluke kwiingcambu, eziqokelelwa kwi-rosette. Iintyatyambo ziqokelelwa ngebhasi, ziphuzi okanye zimhlophe. Oko kukuthi, udlwengulo lwangaphandle luhlobo olufanayo. Isithomboniso sibonisa ngokucacileyo le nyaniso.

I-Canola ipods ibe nobude obude ukuya kwi-10 cm kunye nobubanzi obuya kwi-0.3 cm. I-pod enye inemihlobo engama-15-30 ebomvu i-globular yembewu, ivuthwe ngokungalingani ngaphezu kokuphakama kwesi sityalo, ngoko iyalishiya ukuvuthwa ixesha elide emva kokuqokelela.

Ukulima kweCanola kunezinto ezikhethekileyo. Kukhula kwangaphambili kwaye ikhula ngokukhawuleza kunokugqithiswa ngokuqhelekileyo. Isityalo se-canola siphezulu kakhulu kwaye sichasene neempembelelo zangaphandle. Umvuno wesilinganiso uyingama-20% ngaphezulu.

Namhlanje, inkcubeko iyalinywa kwindawo engaphezu kwama-hektare angama-4. EYurophu - kumazwe afana neFransi, iGreat Britain, iDenmark, iRiphabhlikhi yaseCzech naseFinland. Abakhiqizi abakhulu kwihlabathi yi-China, India, Canada, Japan. Kula mazwe, imimandla ye-canola yeentyantyambo iyingxenye yemimandla yasemaphandleni yasemaphandleni.

Kwixesha elizayo, njengamava afumaneke ekuveliseni i-canola, kwakuswelekile imfuneko yenkcubeko enokunyamezela i-herbicides. Iintlobo ezinjalo zifumene ukuguqulwa kwemfuza ngo-1995.

ICanola Oil

Isondlo sesondlo semveliso sinikezele ngemfuno ephezulu kwimarike yokutya yehlabathi. Umgangatho weoli weCanola usekufuphi kweoli yeoli kunye nexabiso eliphantsi lifaniswa nalo.

Ioli yeCanola ihlala ingabonakali ixesha elide. Ayinakuchotho kwaye akafumani ngephunga elimnandi xa ebonakaliswe emoyeni, njengoko kwenzekayo, umzekelo, kunye ne-soy.

Ioli yeCanola yimveliso enempilo. Ngenxa yomxholo ophezulu we-acids e-unsaturated fatty, inceda ukuqinisa imithana yegazi, ukunciphisa ingozi yezifo ezinzima njenge-stroke ne-myocardial infarction. Ngaloo ndlela, intliziyo yempilo igcinwa. I-oyile inomxholo ophantsi kunamafutha apheleleyo kwaye ayinayo nayiphi na ifayibhile. Ngokusebenzisa rhoqo umkhiqizo, i-antioxidant effect ishicilelwe. Ubandakanyeka kumgaqo we-fatabetism. Ngenxa yokubunjwa kwayo, umgangatho ucetyiswa ukuba usetyenziswe ukunciphisa izinga le-cholesterol egazini. Oku kunciphisa umngcipheko wee-clots zegazi kunye nokuvela kwesibalo sezifo, kuquka nomhlaza.

Ukusetyenziswa kweoli ye-canola

Ukupheka, isetyenziswe ngokubanzi ekulungiseleleni izitya ezibandayo. Ukukhanya kokukhanya kunye nokunambitha okungahambisani neoli ye-canola akuphazamisi nezinye iimveliso. Le nxalenye yamanqatha ahlukeneyo, ukusuka kuyo i-mayonnaise kunye nezinye i-sauces zilungiselelwe. Ngamanye amaxesha kusetyenziswa umxube ngomnquma.

Imveliso esetyenziswa kakhulu kakhulu isetyenziswa kwi-Israel naseKhanada. Kwilizwe lakwa-canola lingafumaneka kuyo yonke indawo. Iikofu kunye neevenkile kwimenyu yazo zinikela ngeendidi ezahlukeneyo zokutya usebenzisa le mveliso. Abathengi, abayaziyo iimpawu zokutya zeemveliso, bahlala bekhetha ukhenketho xa kukhethwa ioli . I-recipe ye -salad ye-calorie ephantsi ayikwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwalo mveliso. Kuyafaneleka ngokukrakra, njengoko inqaku lokubhema liphezulu kunelo lomnquma.

E-USA, ioli ye-canola inesimo sokukhuseleka kwimpilo yabantu xa sidliwe ukususela ngo-1985. Nangona kunjalo, ngokwemveliso yokusetyenziswa kwemveliso, eli lizwe lilahla emva kommelwane walo, eCanada.

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-canola ekuzaleni iinkomo

Kwamazwe amaninzi, isityalo sikhula njengesivuno sesitshalo. Uthoba umsila ohlaza, isivuno sokuvuna kunye nomgubo ocolileyo. ICanola ikhula ngokukhawuleza. Kusebenza kakuhle ukusebenzisa inkcubeko njengedlelo leengulube kunye neegusha, kunye nokuthotywa kweentlobo zonke zezilwanyana kunye neenkukhu. Isityalo se-canola siyintsile yeprotheni yefowuni, umxholo apho kwisidlo ngu-38%. Kulula ukugaya. Isetyenziswe njengesongezelelo esiphezulu seprotheni.

Rapeseed kunye nekanola. Uwuphi umehluko?

Ejongene nemveliso engaqhelekanga, umboleki ufuna ukuzitholela inzuzo kunye nenzakalo. Into efanayo eyenzekayo nemveliso ebizwa ngokuthi "iCanola Oil". Emva koko, igama le sityalo aliqhelekanga kuthi. Ngoko yintoni i-canola? Isityalo ngaphandle sichasene nokudlwengulwa. Into ebalulekileyo, ngenxa yeli gama elihambelanayo, iipropati zeoli efunyenwe kule nkcubeko ezimbini.

Ioli yokuphanga iyimveliso yokusetyenziswa kobugcisa. Izinto ezixabisekileyo zokuvelisa i-biodiesel ezinobungakanani bemvelo, iiblue. I-erucic acid ephezulu - kunye ne-rapeseeds yendabuko umxholo wayo ufinyelela kuma-50%-ophakamileyo umgangatho we-biodiesel.

Ioli yeCanola iyimveliso ebalulekileyo yokutya, ephantsi kweli gama ithengiswa kumazwe amaninzi ehlabathi. Ayifaki ingozi kwimpilo yabantu. Imveliso evela kwi-canola isetyenziswa kakhulu kwimfuyo.

Kwizithuba zeSoviet, isimo sengqondo esilungileyo kwinkcubeko entsha sisinangqiqo. Ukusuka ngokupheleleyo ukukhanyela iinzame ezintle zokubeka ioli ye-canola njengemveliso yokutya. Ixesha liya kuthi ngubani olungile.

Ungahluke ngokuthe ngqo kwiimveliso ezivela kwizityalo eziguqulweyo, ezibandakanya ioli ye-canola. Okokugqibela ngumthengi. Ngenxa yoko kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba unolwazi oluthembekileyo noluthe ngqo.