Ukuhanjiswa "green" ngexesha leMfazwe Civil. Iinkokheli intshukumo "green"

Phakathi ezahlukeneyo amagama ukuba sisebenzise, ukhokela ingxoxo malunga ihlabathi elisingqongileyo, kukho umntu azalwe ngexesha leMfazwe Civil wahlala ukuya kuthi ga namhlanje, kodwa ufumane intsingiselo eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Le intshukumo ye "green." Kumaxesha amandulo, ebizwa njalo-neenkani ngu abalimi abaye ilwelwe iingalo ezandleni amalungelo abo. Namhlanje, le ebizwa ngokuba uluntu labantu ukukhusela amalungelo endalo abasingqongileyo.

nabalimi Russian kwiminyaka emva revolution

"Green" intshukumo ngexesha leMfazwe Civil - ukuba nemiboniso abaninzi abalimi nxamnye contenders ezingundoqo ekuthatheni amandla kweli lizwe - kwiBolsheviks, i Guards White kunye interventionists amazwe. Njengoko umthetho, ukuba amabhunga olawulo ezikolo zikarhulumente, ukuba siyibonile iingcebiso zamahala, kwakheka ngenxa ukuthanda elizimeleyo babo bonke abemi kwaye yayintsha naluphi na uhlobo yokutyunjwa evela ngasentla.

"Green" nhlangano kubaluleke kakhulu ngexesha lemfazwe, ngenxa yesizathu esilula ukuba amandla akhe eziphambili - abalimi - okwabangela ukuba uninzi lwabantu. Ndingayilindela kowuphi na amaqela alwayo baya kuxhasa, ngokufuthi kwakuxhomekeke ekuhambeni War Civil liphela. Kubalulekile wazi kakuhle zonke ekuliwa kwaye njengoko sizama ukuzuza izigidi zeerandi umlimi iindimbane. Noko ke, akusoloko yaphumelela, yaye ngoko ke nenkcaso uthathe ngeendlela kakhulu.

Isimo sengqondo esibi belali kunye iiBolsheviks, kunye Whites

Umzekelo, kumbindi weRashiya sengqondo abalimi 'ukuya iiBolsheviks-mthetho ezimbini. Kwelinye icala, bayamxhasa emva kokuba ummiselo edumileyo emhlabeni, ukuze kukhuselwe kuba abalimi ilizwe ndawo, kwelinye icala, abalimi izityebi, kwaye kakhulu abalimi ophakathi akuchasa kwiBolsheviks kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo ukutya nokususwa ngenkani iimveliso zezolimo. Le ukubethabethana lwabonakala ngexesha leMfazwe Civil.

abalimi entlalweni yalapha intshukumo White kwaye abangafane bafumane inkxaso yabo. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba izintlu i-White Army ukuba bakhonze uninzi lwabantu balapho, inkoliso yabo aqeshwa ngenkani. Oku kungqinwa memoirs emininzi-nxaxheba ezo ziganeko. Ngaphaya koko, abalimi whiteguards ngokufuthi kwanyanzeleka ukuba enze imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yasekhaya, akuthethi ukubuyisa ixesha kunye nomzamo owenziwe. Yabangela ukunganeliseki.

eziqhubekayo yamahlwempu ezibangelwa ngokoyena kratya

"Green" intshukumo kwi imfazwe yamakhaya ngqo nxamnye iiBolsheviks, njengoko sele kuchaziwe, kubangwa ukunganeliseki kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo surplus, ngeke belamba amawaka iintsapho Sasungulwa. Nje kwenzeka ngoko iinkanuko eziphambili weza kunyaka 1919-1920, xa urhoxa elisisinyanzelo iimveliso zolimo wathabatha isikali ngokubanzi.

Phakathi imiboniso kakhulu nxamnye iiBolsheviks, intshukumo, kunokuthiwa "green" kummandla aseStavropol, eyaqala emva ngo-Apreli 1918, balandela emva konyaka kunye mvukelo ubunzima abalimi kummandla iVolga. Ngokutsho kwezinye iingxelo, kwathiwa kuyo ngabantu 180 000. Ngokubanzi, kwisiqingatha sokuqala sika-1019 yaba 340 izenzo axhobileyo, ezibandakanya amaphondo ngaphezu mabini.

Abalweli kunye nenkqubo yabo "yeSithathu Ndlela"

"Green" intshukumo ngexesha leMfazwe Civil izama ukusebenzisa abameli babo lwezopolitiko i-Social Revolutionary Party kunye Mensheviks. Baye iphuhlise isicwangciso edibeneyo Yokulwa ngqo kwi miba mibini. abamelene zawo isaziso njengoko iiBolsheviks, kunye neenkokheli intshukumo White A. V. Kolchaka kunye A. I. Denikina. Le nkqubo ngokuba "Indlela yesithathu" yaye, ngokutsho kubo, le kumzabalazo wokulwa indlela ekhohlo kunye ekunene. Nangona kunjalo, i SRs, kude umlimi izihlwele, ayikwazanga ukumanyanisa imikhosi eninzi.

umkhosi Sasungulwa Nestora Mahno

Sesikwenzile kakhulu ethandwa, wavakalisa i "Indlela yesithathu" waba eUkraine, apho ixesha elide wakhokela ekulweni yamahlwempu nigwilike umkhosi phantsi umyalelo N. I. Mahno. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba ezisisiseko endoda yakhe awayezizityebi abalimi abaye abazibandakanya kwezolimo kunye norhwebo lesonka.

ngokubonakalayo Bona inxaxheba nokunikezelwa ngamafa ziwela kwaye eziqhotyoshelwe amathemba enkulu phezu kwalo. Ngenxa yoko, ukuba ulawulo lwabo baye iithagethi kweerikhwizishini emininzi ezigcinwe khosi yi kwiBolsheviks, abelungu kunye interventionists. Kwavela ngokuzenzekelayo e Ukraine intshukumo "green" yaba kubangelwa mthetho ezinjalo.

Uphawu olulodwa yomkhosi Makhno sele unike anarchism, amarhamente bawo umphathi omkhulu ngokwakhe, yaye inkoliso yeenjengele zakhe. Lo mbono ithiyori kakhulu enomtsalane ye revolution "ekuhlaleni", ulahle naziphi na amagunya karhulumente ukuphelisa ngaloo main instrument yobundlobongela obujongene umntu. Inkqubo Ulwandlalo Makhno yaba urhulumente wesizwe kunye eli ligatya naluphi na uhlobo nguzwilakhe.

Abantu Movement phantsi kobunkokheli Sergei isemoyeni

Akukho intshukumo enamandla ngaphantsi ezinkulu isikali "green" yabonwa kwiphondo Tambov, yaye kummandla iVolga. Egameni intloko yakhe, kwathiwa ngokuba "isemoyeni". Kule mimandla, nkqu abalimi babathabatha lokulawula lifa ziwela ngoSeptemba 1917 waza waqalisa ukuba ngenkuthalo kubo. Ngako oko, ukwanda umgangatho wobomi babo, nokuba ovuliweyo imbonakalo yangaphambili intle. Xa ngo-1919 surplus sele iqalile enkulu-isikali, yaye abantu baqala kususa iziqhamo zemisebenzi yabo, loo nto yabangela ukuba indlela enamandla kakhulu kwaye kwanyanzeleka abalimi kwaphela ukuya emfazweni. Kwafuneka kubakhusela.

ubushushu Special zomzabalazo yamkelwa ngo-1920, xa kukho imbalela Tambov, balalisa zasekwindla. Kwezi meko ezinzima baye bakwazi ukuqokelela, iye sirhoxisiwe egameni oluBomvu Army kunye nabemi. Ngenxa yokuba izenzo ezinjalo amagunya kwimvukelo othandwayo ndazana counties eziliqela. It yayihanjelwe abalimi malunga 4,000 axhobileyo kunye nabantu abangaphezulu kwe-10 000 kunye pitchforks kunye ezinamarhengqa amakhulu. INkokeli kunye inspirer ye lwentshukumo ethandwayo yaba lilungu le-Socialist-Revolutionary Party A. isemoyeni.

Ekubulaleni isemoyeni

Yena, kwakunye nezinye iinkokeli intshukumo "green", ubeke amazwi phambili olucacileyo nolulula, neqondakalayo yonke lokucheba. Chief phakathi kwabo kwakukho ungasibizi, ukuya kulwa nxamnye amaKomanisi ukwakha umlimi republic free. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ndothulele umnqwazi izakhono zakhe ngegunya kunye nokukwazi ukuba aqhube impi bhetyebhetye.

Ngenxa yemvukelo lasasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwezinye iindawo yaye wathabatha elikhulu kakhulu. Ye'Bolshevik urhulumente umzamo omkhulu zokuyifihla ngo-1921. Ukulungiselela le njongo, ummandla Tambov ijoliswe shot ukusuka Denikin inxalenye ephambili ekhokelwa M. N. Tuhachevskim kunye G. I. Kotovskim.

Umbutho ekuhlaleni mihla "Green"

Iimfazwe War Civil wafa phantsi, yaye yadlula ezi ziganeko, njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla. Eninzi ngelo xesha sele zitshone zisabonakala ngonaphakade, kodwa into emangalisayo - kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla ukugcina elithi "Green Movement", nangona uye wafumana intsingiselo eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yokugqibela, eli binzana kwakuthetha uyawalwela umdla wabo kulo liya kulinywa ilizwe, amalungu namhlanje umlo intshukumo ngenxa ekulondolozweni ezininzi umongikazi-lizwe zonke izibonelelo yaso yendalo.

"Green" - intshukumo mihla esingqongileyo, nto leyo oluchasene impembelelo iyingozi zezinto elibi kwinkqubela technical kokusingqongileyo. Kwilizwe lethu, kokuvela yee-yee- ye-khulu lokugqibela leminyaka kwaye ngembali yaso baya kwizigaba ezininzi zophuhliso. Ngokutsho kwamanani kupapashwa ekupheleni konyaka ophelileyo, inani lamaqela kokusingqongileyo kwi intshukumo lonke jikelele amathathu amawaka.

Umbutho ibalulekileyo non-governmental

Phakathi edume - intshukumo "Green Russia", "looMawokhulu", "Green okhuselo" kunye neminye imibutho eliqela. Ngamnye kubo uneempawu zawo, kodwa bonke babelana iinjongo ezifanayo kwaye ulangazelelo ubunzima, apho ikhona kumalungu azo. Ngokubanzi, icandelo loluntu olukhoyo ngohlobo umbutho ongekho phantsi korhulumente. Yena uhlobo kwicandelo lwesithathu, bengengabo izakhiwo zikarhulumente, okanye ishishini labucala.

Iqonga lezopolitiko abameli "green" intshukumo mihla isekelwe kwi indlela eyakhayo ngokutsha komgaqo-nkqubo yezoqoqosho ngenxa intlanganisela evumelanayo iimfuno zabantu kunye nohlobo ezingqongileyo. Kwimiba ezinjalo alingekhe lihluthwe, njengoko solution yabo kuxhomekeke ezibonakalayo kuphela kakuhle-ntle, kodwa impilo yabo ubomi.