Ukunyanzeliswa kwentetho. Ukwahlulelwa kweziphene ezinkulu

Njengoko uyazi, ebuntwaneni, abantwana banokubona ezinye okanye ukuphulwa kweminye kwimibandela yokubonisa iingcamango. Ukuze umntwana abe nethuba lokuhlalisana ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuphosakeka okunjalo kufuneka kupheliswe. Makhe siqwalasele ukuba zeziphi iingxaki zokuthetha. Ukwahlulelwa kweziphene eziqhelekileyo kuya kuboniswa kamva.

Ukwahlula

Abantwana abanomsebenzi ongenakuncedo kwezixhobo zokuthetha bayabaluhlu oluthile lwabantu. Akunakho ukuphambuka ekuphuhlisweni kwengqondo xa kuthelekiswa noontanga. Nangona kunjalo, iziphene kumlomo, kunye nokuphulwa kwintetho ebhaliweyo, ngokungathandabuzekiyo kuthintela kakubi ukubunjwa kwezinto ezithile ze-psyche.

Namhlanje, kwintsimi yonyango lwentetho, kusetyenziswe izigaba ezininzi, ngokubhekiselele kuyo, iziphi iziphene ezithile ekuboniseni ingcamango. Iyokuqala ingokwengqondo kunye nokufundisa. Okwesibini ukliniki kunye nokufundisa.

Ziziphi iinjongo ezijoliswe ngakumbi ekuboneni ingxaki yokuthetha? Ukwahlulelwa kwezi zicwangciso kunye nezinye izicwangciso zisebenziswa ngempumelelo ngabaphili beentetho. Imiba eyahlukileyo yembono kwingxaki enye ayiphikisana, kodwa yongeza kuphela.

Ulwahlulo lwezonyango kunye nokufundisa

Ukwahlula okubhaliweyo kunomdla kwi-commonwealth kunye neyeza. Nangona kunjalo, iziphene ezichongiweyo aziqhotyoshelwanga kwizifo ezithile.

Ngokwezigaba ze-klinikhi-praagogical, i-therapists zentetho zihlukanisa iintlobo ezili-11 zokuphulaphula ngokupheleleyo. Iifom ezimbini zijongene nokuphulwa kwentetho ebhaliweyo. Bonke abanye bavumela ukufumanisa ukungaphumeleli kwintetho yomlomo.

Apha ezi zilandelayo ziintlobo zengxaki yokuthetha ziyahluka:

1. I-Afoniya - iziphazamiso ezivela ngenxa yezilwanyana zezwi. Kule meko, kunokubakho iiphene, ukuphazamiseka kwezwi, ukuphazamiseka kwezwi.
2. Tahilalia - ijubane lentetho yokukhawuleza.
3. I-Bradilia yinkqubo yokunciphisa intetho.
4. Ukubetha - ukungabikho kwemithwalo kwisigqi kunye nesantya sokuthetha. Isizathu sisimo sexesha elixubileyo leemisipha ezenza iifowuni zokuthetha.
5. I-Rinolalia - iimpazamo ekubhengezeni izandi zomntu ngamnye, enye enye ingatshintshwa kwisigxina sezwi. Isizathu siziphene ze-anatomical zezixhobo zokuthetha.
6. I-Dysplasia yinto enzima yokubiza izandi kunye nokuphuhliswa okuqhelekileyo kwemisipha yezixhobo zokuthetha kunye nokuphulaphula impilo.
7. I-Dysarthria yintsilelo, isitshixo esilungele ukuthetha ngokungafanelekileyo kwezandi kunye namazwi.
8. Alalia - ukungaphuhliswa okanye ukungabikho kwentetho. Isizathu esona siqhelekileyo kukutshatyalaliswa kwimiba ehambelana ne-cortex ye-cerebral kwi-intrauterine okanye ekuqaleni kwenkqubo yophuhliso lomntwana.
9. I-Aphasia yilahleko okanye ilahleko elipheleleyo lokukwazi ukuvelisa izandi. Iyakunikwa bubungqina beengqondo zengingqi.
10. Uhlazo-olukhethekileyo, oluthile lomntu othile, ukuphulwa kwentetho ebhaliweyo.
11. I-Dyslexia bubonakaliso beziphene ezikhethiweyo ngexesha lokufunda.

Ulwahlulo lwezifundo zengqondo kunye neengxaki zokuthetha

Ukuchongwa kweziphene apha kusekelwe, ngokukodwa, kwiinkqubo zengqondo. Ngokwezihlomelo, ukuphulwa okulandelayo kubonakala:

1. Ifowuni-phonemic ukuphuhliswa kwentetho - ukuphulwa ekubhaliweyo kwezandi kunye namagama olwimi lwasekuhlaleni.
2. Ngokubanzi ukuphuhliswa kwentetho yinkqubo yenkqubo, ubukho bokuba kungenxa yokulibala kwengqondo yomntwana. Oku, kuphazamisa ukungakwazi komntu weempawu zeesemantic kunye neengcamango zentetho.
3. Ukubetha - ngokubhekiselele kwisigaba se-psychological-teaching, sithathwa njengesiphene semisebenzi yokuthetha kunye nokubunjwa okufanelekileyo kwezixhobo zokuthetha.

Yintoni inokuthi ukuphuhliswa kwentetho ingathintela?

Abantwana abanentuthuko yentetho bahlala besweleka kwiimeko ezilukhuni, ezicothayo kuluntu. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhlalisana kweentlalo, iiphilisi zentetho zisebenzisa ukulungiswa okujoliswe kuzo. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, abantwana kwixesha elizayo banokuthi bangenakuthathaka ezithile kwiingcamango zengqondo, zengqondo kunye nemimiselo.

Ukufumana ingcamango efanelekileyo ngokwaneleyo, abantwana abaneengxaki ze-logopedic bafumana ubunzima ekwakheni iingcamango, ukwakha uxhulumaniso olunengqiqo. Ngengqalelo enganeleyo yabazali kwiingxaki ezikhoyo kwi-sphere yentetho, umntwana angase aphumelele kwi-motor field. Ngokukodwa, abantwana abane-lag ekuphuhlisweni kwezixhobo zentetho bavame ukukwazi ukuqhuba ukuhamba ngokuhambelana kwiqela njengontanga yabo.

Iingxaki zingaphinde zibonwe kwimeko yemvakalelo yomntwana onokukhubazeka kwentetho. Abantwana abanjalo banokungaqiniseki, ukungabikho kwemfuno, ukunyusa ukwanda, ubunzima ekumiseni oonxibelelwano nabanye.

Ezi ngxaki kunye nezinye iingxaki ziyakuchaphazela ikusasa labantwana abanenkinga yokuthetha. Ukwahlula nokuchongwa kweziphoso ezikhoyo kusenza siqale umsebenzi ekulungiseni ukusilela ngexesha elifanelekileyo.

Ekugqibeleni

Ngoko sihlolisise ukuphulwa okuphambili kwentetho. Ukwahlulelwa kweziphene zesicwangciso sengqondo kunye nesiprogram kwakusetyenziswe ngaphambili kwindlela yokwelapha inkulumo kuphela ukuchonga ingxaki. Isiphetho sokugqibela senziwe ngama-neurologists. Namhlanje, oogqirha baqhubeka besetyenziselwa ukuhlalutya ngokufanayo, kuba le ndlela yenza ukuba kuhlolwe ngokuchanekileyo kunye nophuhliso lweendlela ezifanelekileyo zokulungisa.