Ukuqhubeka yengqesho zigcinwe xa .... Zeziphi iimeko ukugcinwa inkonzo liqhawuke nendlela yokufumana kuye?

I-Labour Code of the Russian Federation, kukho izinto ezifana inkonzo jikelele kunye ungaphazanyiswa. BaseRashiya abaninzi badla ukukholelwa ukuba inkonzo rhoqo kubaluleke kakhulu. Abanye musani uyinike ixabiso. Kodwa ngaba ngokwenene? Zeziphi iimeko ukulondolozwa kwayo? Indlela yokubala esi salathisi? Yintoni kuchaphazela ukuqhubeka ngexesha?

Amava: Inkcazo

Akuso ibizwa ubude bexesha lokuba ngummi isebenza okanye uphumeza iintlobo ngeentlobo zemisebenzi. Oku kuthetha ukuba amatyala engqesho esesikweni okanye umsebenzi ishishini. Esi salathisi ezinxulumene ngqo nendlela ekubalwa ngayo ipension kufuneka ukufumana ezonwabisayo ezahlukeneyo kunye iziqinisekiso, ezinikezelwa nguRhulumente, kwaye ibalwa ngendlela emiselwe ngumthetho. Incwadi yomsebenzi uxwebhu eqinisekisa ubukho wokuba ngubani omkhulu.

Akuso wohlulwe iintlobo eziliqela:

• Lilonke, elibandakanya yonke iminyaka abemi.
• Special eyenzelwe abantu abahlala kwiindawo ezithile.
• Oluqhubekayo.

Le mbono "ukuqhubeka yengqesho"

ngoku eli gama lisetyenziswa kakhulu kunqabile. Into yokuba wabuyela kwi leSoviet, xa kuyimfuneko ukufumana umhlalaphantsi, abagulayo-pay kunye ngokubanzi wadlala indima ebalulekileyo kubomi ngummi kwinkonzo ethile eqhubekayo. Le Code Labour inika inkcazelo kolu luvo. call inkonzo rhoqo ngexesha elinye kunye nomqeshi omnye.

Kutheni amava uphazamiseka?

Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, asinguye wonke ummi banako ukusebenza kwishishini enye, ngoko ke ukuqhubekeka zengqesho uphazamiseka. Phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo imibutho yabasebenzi badla ukuyeka imisebenzi. Kule meko, oku sicaphula eziliqela izinto ezichaphazela ukuqhubeka ixesha kumthetho wezemisebenzi:

• Ukugxothwa (ukuqhubeka yengqesho uphazanyiswa ngokutshintsha uhlobo lomsebenzi, xa ixesha eliphakathi ukupheliswa kwesivumelwano kunye ifowuni kwindawo entsha lomsebenzi elingaphezu kweeveki ezintathu).
• Ukungabikho emsebenzini ngenxa yokugula (amatyala musa ukuhlangabezana imisebenzi ye-siseko Russian Federation kunye nokhuseleko loluntu).
• umsebenzi olungekho sikweni (xa ummi iqala ukusebenza kwimibutho yabucala).

Lonke utshintsho ezinxulumene ukuba baguqukile umsebenzi lwabemi, kufuneka zibhalwe yomsebenzi. Kakhulu ixesha uphazamiseko rhoqo na eyona ndlela kuchaphazela isixa iinzuzo zomhlalaphantsi.

Ukugxothwa ngumsebenzi

Ukugxothwa yaqaliswa ngumqeshwa, yenye ezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo ukuba sokupheliswa kwengqesho. Oku kuphakamisa umbuzo: Ngaba ukuqhubeka yengqesho nokugxothwa?

lungagcinwa ukuqhubeka ixesha. Nangona eli thuba siyathandwa bonke abemi ngaphandle kokukhetha. Noko ke, ukusebenzisa kudla ngokuba nzima. Ngokutsho TC, ukuqhubekeka engqesho sigcinwe ukuba, emva beqhumisa ngenxa yeenzame zazo (xa kungekho ezinye izizathu ezenza ukuba enze njalo) de kube lixesha emsebenzini kwi inkampani entsha kungabikho ngaphezulu kwiiveki ezintathu. Ukuba kukho izizathu ezenza ukuba kutheni ummi welo kwanyanzeleka ukuba asule, iyemisiweyo ke inatyiselwa iintsuku ezingamashumi amathathu. Umzekelo, izizathu ezinjalo ukuba ukufudukela kwenye indawo okanye umhlala iqabane.

Ukuziqhelisa, ngokufuthi kukho iimeko apho abemi kuqala abazifumana efunisela elitsha, uze kuphela ukunyibilika ubudlelwane emsebenzini kunye owayesakuba ngumqeshi. Kulo mba, amava kuhlala rhoqo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ukugxothwa kunye ngomlinganiselo ngenkani.

ukugxothwa Inqaku

Kwiimeko ezinjalo zinqabile kakhulu, kodwa kwenzeka practice. Ifudusiwe nokuba kule meko nkonzo eqhubekayo? Code Labour uthi ukugxothwa ngenxa nakuphi na ukwaphulwa oluthile ekuqhubekekeni kwexesha iyalahleka. Yindlela sivakalayo kubaqeshi kwiimeko apho abasebenzi iinkampani kuwuhlambela ishedyuli yomsebenzi zitshiswa. Abasebenzi kulo mzekelo anokuthi alungi-lungiswe kuphela ngendlela ngexesha imisebenzi yabo, ukuze uphephe ukupheliswa yengqesho phantsi Article.

Ukutshona lweshishini

Umthetho yabasebenzi Russian iquka amatyala konga ixesha kwaye imeko ukutshona mbutho. kunqabile kakhulu kukho iimeko xa ukuvalwa ezinxulumene ne ungonakala. Abemi bangalindela ukugcina inkonzo ungaphazanyiswa. Noko ke, lo mthetho ubonelela iimeko ezithile kunye nezithintelo.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukufumana abemi ngumqeshi omtsha kunikwa iinyanga ezi-3. Ukuqhubeka yengqesho ezigcinwe ukuba abasebenzi wabeka-off ngeli thuba wafumana umsebenzi omtsha. Kungenjalo, amava lomncedis ngexesha kule kota awukwazi kwandiswa.

ngumama

Ukuqhubeka yengqesho siyakhuselwa, umfazi wakho ukuba lento iqhubeka ikhefu ukwenzela umntwana. Kodwa ukuba ukuqhubeka eqhutywayo xa umama okhulelweyo uthatha ikhefu lokuya kubeleka? Kukho izimvo ezimbini sovreshenno malunga ngalo mbandela.

Umthetho yabasebenzi Russian aliqulathanga ingcaciso ephathelele kwikhefu lokubeleka kunye nenkonzo ngokuqhubekayo. Enyanisweni, amava kuhlala, njengokuba umfazi ephume abaqeshiweyo, uhlobo lomsebenzi iyatshintsha. Le kwikhefu lokubeleka yomfazi bakhathazekile kuphela imicimbi yosapho, kodwa hayi ukusebenza imisebenzi yengqesho. Noko ke, abameli oyikholelwayo ukuba amava kule meko ingaphazanyiswa.

zempilo

Ukuba ungummi ngenxa yezizathu zempilo ayikwazi ukwenza iindidi ezithile zomsebenzi, nokuba ekuqhubekekeni yengqesho sigcinwe? RF TC kulo mba iqulethe igatya ethathela ingqalelo imo ekhethekileyo yempilo ngummi. Ukuba umqeshwa ukubandezeleka zizigulo ezinzulu nje musa ukuvumela ukuba enze imisebenzi ethile, ulindele ukugcina inkonzo ungaphazanyiswa kunokwenzeka. Njani?

Xa ukugxothwa ukusuka kwindawo yangaphambili yomsebenzi ukufumana kumqeshi omtsha unikwa ithuba leenyanga ezintathu. Ngeli xesha, ummi unelungelo lokuba abuyele umqeshi wabo yangaphambili. Ngelo xesha linye amava igcinwe. Noko ke, xa kusenziwa, iimeko ezinjalo zinqabile kakhulu, njengoko ukubuyela ukuphunyezwa imisebenzi umsebenzi odlulileyo umsebenzi kuthatha ixesha (ngenxa yezizathu zempilo). Ezininzi Kwiimeko, abasebenzi yaye akwavuma engqesho ngakumbi.

Ezinye iinkalo ezibalulekileyo

I amaRashiya, abahlala kunye nomsebenzi Ekude North, okanye efana nayo iimeko zendalo, kufuneka amalungelo athile, kuthathelwa aphezulu akhawunti. Oku kukwasebenza kwakhona abavela kwamanye amazwe abo phantsi isivumelwano kweemeko zemozulu ezinzima, ukuba ilizwe labo utyikitye isivumelwano kwinkxaso kwezentlalo. Ezi ndidi abasebenzi zonke banelungelo ukugcina inkonzo iqhawulwe, njengoko kule meko zikhankanywe ngasentla. Ubuninzi bexesha ukuba ukufumana umsebenzi omtsha, na iinyanga ezimbini. Eli binzana omncinane, kodwa njengento ibonisa, kwiimeko ezininzi, oko kwanele.

Ukuqhubeka yengqesho igcinwe, ukuba ngummi emkhosini. Umzekelo, ukuba ngummi wakhonza iminyaka engama-25 emva koko umhlala, yena uyakwazi ukufumana umsebenzi omtsha kunye nokulondolozwa wokuba ngubani omkhulu. Ukuba ilungelo urhulumente ubonelela ngokupheleleyo.

imithetho iLabour luphinda ingqalelo iimeko usapho. Ukuba ungummi yokunyamekela umntwana minor yi-HIV, kwaye ngenxa yesi sizathu ukuba ushiye emsebenzini, ubude ukuqhubeka nalo usindiswe. Xa umntwana efikelela kubudala lommi uninzi kufuneka kwakhona kuqalisa ukusebenza.

Kwelinye icala, apho ummi banokuthembela ngenkonzo eqhubekayo - ukutshintsha indawo yomsebenzi kunye nokulondolozwa bezinto kunye msebenzi.

Kukholelwa ukuba ukuqhubeka yengqesho?

Bala ukuqhubeka yakho yengqesho akuyonto ilula, kodwa enokwenziwa. Indlela ukubala ubude wenkonzo kuphazamiseke?

Kwaye ke umhla ngokunqunyanyiswa neemvumelwano zengqesho kufuneka zithathwe kwincwadi emsebenzini. Kukho iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ezinokuthi ngendlela ezenzekelayo ukubala aphezulu. Kwakhona unako ukuthumela ingxelo yakho kunye noshishino. Ukubala luqala ingxelo yokuqala. Ngenxa yoko, nathi ukubala ubude iyonke inkonzo, ebandakanya zonke imisebenzi kunye nezikhundla. Kule meko zingasentla kuchaphazela ekuqhubekekeni. Nokuba umntu onjalo copyright iphazamisa amava. Ukubala yathwala inani inani leminyaka kunye iinyanga zekhalenda.

Le ncwadi iya kuze idata malunga zenkonzo eqhubekayo. Into yokuba eli binzana ayilungelelani ayisekho kwi Code Labour. Ngoko ke, akukho bani na umahluko phakathi yezikhundla rhoqo bebonke.

Kutheni lento kufuneka?

Ngoko ke, sibonile ukuba ukubala indlela ubude wenkonzo ungaphazanyiswa. Ekugqibeleni, umbuzo othi: "Ke okubaluleke ngoku, ngenxa yokuba lo gama afanelekileyo kwi leSoviet?" Njengoko practice ibonisa, lo mba uye ixabiso elincinane okanye hayi.

Kuba baseRashiya, okubaluleke nangakumbi kukuba ubude iyonke yenkonzo, kuba ichaphazela ubungakanani yomhlalaphantsi elizayo. Eyona nto ngokuqinisekileyo ingqesho esemthethweni. Ubude lilonke inkonzo lubalwa kunye nabantu ukwenza ushishino.

inkonzo rhoqo oyidingayo eyodwa elidlulileyo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha abaqeshi bahlawula ingqalelo kuyo. Umqeshi ezinokufumaneka emva isifundo eneenkcukacha irekhodi yakho zengqesho ubuze, ngokuba yintoni isizathu urhoxile mbutho wangaphambili. Noko ke, le ekwenza isixa inzuzo yokukhubazeka.

Ezinye amaRashiya nabavumayo sokukholelwa ukuba kwixesha elizayo yenkonzo eqhubekayo uya kuba kubaluleke kakhulu kwaye iya kuchaphazela isixa yepension kunika ithuba lokufumana izibonelelo ezahlukeneyo kunye neenzuzo zentlalo. Enyanisweni akunjalo, njengoko olu lwazi ayiqinisekiswanga ngokusemthethweni.

Xa amava siyakhuselwa: iziphumo

Ngoko ke, siye saxubusha indlela yokufumana ukuqhubeka yengqesho. Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe ngentla apha, isixa nezibonelelo ezihlawulwa ngokunxulumene ummi abakhubazekileyo kuxhomekeke ngqo kwi ngobude phambili. Ngokutsho komqeshwa isicelo ukuqhubeka zigcinwe kwakhona kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• Umqeshwa iphulo yakhe emva kokuthatha umhlala-phantsi kwakhona baqeshwe ngokuzimeleyo.
• Ummi abakhubazekileyo iya kuhlawulwa izibonelelo ngqesho (ukuthintela ukuphazamiseka kwexesha, kufuneka ufumane kuluhlu lwabalindileyo wenkonzo yengqesho).
• Ekubeni eyeka yengqesho nomqeshi Ngokufanayo akazange elingaphezu kweeveki ezintathu (kuhle ukufumana intlangano entsha).

Kwiinyanga ezimbini emva kokupheliswa kwesivumelwano kwi ndawo enye yamava zomsebenzi agcinwe kwiimeko apho:

• re-abaqeshwe loMsebenzi waseFama ngokufuna zabo (ukugxothwa yaba ngumlinganiselo ngenkani, umzekelo, xa uhambisa house).
• Citizen lifikelele yobudala yomhlala-phantsi kwaye ufumana umsebenzi kwakhona.
• Citizen wawushiya umbutho osekelwe phesheya okanye kummandla Far North.

Kwiinyanga ezintathu emva kokuba agxothwe amava lungagcinwa meko zilandelayo:

• Ubudlelwane yengqesho umqeshwa yapheliswa ngenxa ukudiliza okanye ukutshona mbutho.
• Isizathu sokuba ukugxothwa - Indawo Ukungafani egcinwe okanye wenziwa izibophelelo efanayo yabasebenzi.

Abaqeshi badla bayala ukugcina ukuqhubeka inkonzo. Kulo mzekelo, umqeshwa unelungelo umngeni esi sigqibo enkundleni.

Le nkqubo-sikhokelo yowiso-mthetho

Ukususela kwiminyaka yee-70s kunye ukuya ku-2006 kwi-eSoviet Union, kwaye ngoko umthetho isebenza eRashiya, nto leyo ibalwe aphezulu. Ngokwalo mthetho, ixesha ukuqhubekeka iye igcinwe ukuba umqeshwa ukuphinda-zisebenzisa umsebenzi omtsha ngaphakathi inyanga. Ngo-2007 yaba yeyimbi umthetho, kwaye isigwebo lancipha iiveki ezintathu. Kwakhona watshintsha kwaye ubungakanani nokungasebenzi yethutyana ngo-2007. Benefit ngoku:

• 100% yemivuzo, ukuba namava ngaphezu kweminyaka esibhozo;
• 80% ingeniso, ukuba amava iminyaka emihlanu ukuya kwesibhozo;
• 60% ingeniso ukuba ngaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu amava.

Ngoko ke ndicinge ngako, why why ukuqhubekeka yengqesho. amava phantsi jikelele ebalulekileyo. Ukususela kulo mzobo kuxhomekeke kubungakanani imbuyekezo iintlawulo ukungaphangeli ngokunxulumene kukhubazeka. Fumana kube nzima kakhulu, kodwa kunokwenzeka, ngenxa yoko, kukho iinkqubo ezenzekelayo. Ukulondoloza le hlobo xesha ayikho kubaluleke practice ibonisa. Kumthetho wezemisebenzi Russian mihla ixabiso le into inciphisiwe. Ngakumbi kubaluleke waye leSoviet. Ukongeza, inkqubo ye pension ijongene iinguqulelo ezininzi kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Ubungakanani yepension kuchaphazela amanqaku ekuthiwa-ethe. Ngokutsho umhlaziyi, ukuqhubeka ngobude inkonzo, akunakufane kubaluleka elizayo.