Ukuvuleka 338 Lapua magnum

Le iCartridge entsha 338 Lapua magnum sayilwa ngokweqobelo ngenxa sniping kwi imigama enkulu, ke, ngoku esetyenziswa negobo udongwe ukudubula, kwakunye abazingeli. 338 Lapua magnum kwenzeka phakathi .50 BMG iimbumbulu kunye .308 eWinchester.

ukuqashwa

Ngowe-1983, i-US iSebe lezoKhuselo wabhengeza ukhuphiswano ukudala bullet sompu omtsha. Le iCartridge kwafuneka ukuba eziliqela iparameters. Okokuqala, kwaba into ekujoliswe yokukhula sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi kwi lomqolo elide (ngaphezu 1500 meters), yaye okwesibini - bullet chithwa ngolunya kwi-900 m / umzuzwana esinobunzima ka 250 okuziinkozo (1 gran = 0,0647 grams).

indaba

Phakathi kwezinye izinto, ngokusekwa kwenziwa Research kwezikhali Industries of USA. Ukuthatha iCartridge kuzingela .416 Rigby, abayili iibhutsi Obermeyer kunye Dzhim Bell (kuya kwandula .700 Nitro Express, yaba unamandla welo umdlalo) ukudala iCartridge ezifezekisayo iimfuno khuphiswano. Yena ufumana igama .338 Bell. Kodwa nangona nokugcina elisesikweni iimeko, kukho engxakini enkulu. Sleeve .416 Rigby nako ukuma uxinzelelo enamandla iigesi ibe luthuthu ngamandla likhubazeke, ezo kuphela kwakhokelela maxongo kwezixhobo, kodwa kungaba yingozi ukuba shooter.

Emva kusilela yokuqala

Palm ethutha nkampani Lapua Finland. Bona wadala emkhonweni yokuqala, yaye oku bagqiba ingxaki deformation. Thina iCartridge wesampula ezimilise ibhotile-, iindevu akuthethi ezivelileyo. Uxinzelelo oluphezulu ngexesha dubulo powder - 400 MPA, kwaye umkhono ukumelana xi 420 MPA. Emva koko sele siphuhlisiwe kwaye elinye kwelinye, sifaneleke ngakumbi ngokudubula umntu kumgama enkulu kangaka. Kwiminyaka emine emva koko, ngo-1987, inkampani uqalisa ukuvelisa 338 ukuvuleka (8.6 mm x 70) phantsi isiqu Lapua magnum.

umbulali cwaka

Ngaxeshanye kunye nokudalwa iCartridge, ukuchaneka ngokuqinileyo International LTD eNgilani waba ekuphuhliseni bodidi umbayimbayi 338, injongo leyo ukudubula oluchanileyo kwi imigama kakhulu iimeko ezimbi (amaqondo obushushu aphantsi, imimoya enamandla). Ekuthiwa-Arctic sniper umpu, igama elithi "umbulali cwaka". Ngoku siyazi phantsi kwegama Arctic Imfazwe magnum, L115A, kunye L96. Xa adubula nekhilomitha enye umpu wayitwabulula 15-16 cm, oko luphawu echanekileyo kakhulu. Ngokomzekelo, phantsi umpu ukuvuleka .50 Browning kwiintsali lalimalunga omnye imitha phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo, kunikwa ifuthe elikhulu, ubunzima kunye wadubula kakhulu elikhulu ngakumbi.

Ukususela zokuzenzela Arctic wamvusa irekhodi, kude kube ngoku akukho namnye wabaqoba: kuqhuma zabantu ababini kumgama omalunga neekhilomitha babulawa.
Umpu Arctic Imfazwe magnum unokuba calibers ezimbini: 6.2 no 7,62. Ubunzima kulo i lowu engenanto inokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke ukuguqulwa kg 6.1 ukuya 7.3.

iintlobo iimbumbulu

Le iCartridge eyodwa uhlobo kuphela iimbumbulu de 1996. Ukuvela ngembumbulu ezintsha eyandisiweyo iinketho ubomi iCartridge kunokwenzeka kakhulu. iintlobo ezintlanu ngembumbulu zaye zaqulunqwa phantsi .338 LM:

1. SP (indawo ethambileyo).
2. Ulwahlulo (kubanzi, core edityanisiweyo).
3. HPBT (icandelo umsila tapered, umngxuma empumlo).
4. FMJBT (iqokobhe, icandelo umsila tapered).
5. FMJ (bullet iqokobhe).

umnikazi SP nge imbumbulu kwi ezinobunzima 12,96 grams (200 iinkozo) ine ngesantya yokuqala bullet zibhabha 1002 m / umzuzwana. Ulenze-point kwibhulethi ne-250 ubunzima okuziinkozo (16.2 g) ngo-897 ovelisa isalathiso m / umzuzwana, nokuzingela GB488 VLD abe uqina 910 m / umzuzwana kwi ubunzima enye. Kwakhona isikrweqe wasebenzisa weentonga-lihlaba iimbumbulu sigade Zempi nokugqojozwa weentonga nokugqojozwa sigade.

iintlobo eziliqela ngembumbulu wokuzingela (Barnes XLC-Bullit - 14.6 g, Sierra MatchKing - 19,4 g, Homady SpirePoint - 16,2 g), yaphuhliswa phantsi iCartridge, waza wadibana zonke iinkcukacha. moya isantya ezahlukahlukeneyo zabo ukusuka 754 ukuya 920 m / s.

Ukusetyenziswa kwe iCartridge

Ukuvuleka 338 "Lapua" lwenzelwe sniping ebheka umsebenzi walo ngenxa isikhokelo tyaba kunye nokuchaneka phezulu, kodwa ukudubula negobo ngodongwe ezisetyenziswa phambi kolwalo esemthethweni. Ngowe-1986, i-US waphumelela ukhuphiswano utolo kunye naye Virginia. Kwakhona, lo iCartridge esetyenziswa kunye abazingeli. Yena ethandwa kakhulu phakathi abalandeli varmint kuzingela (kuzingela imigama emide) kunye Benchrest (zokudubula ukusuka kuluhlu elide kwi ekujoliswe ephepheni).

Kuba ekuzingeleni zaye zaphuhliswa iimbumbulu iCartridge, ngempumelelo lokudubula isilwanyana wokuweyisha ukuya ton.

production

Ukongeza kule Lapua inkampani Finnish, benza lokuyila iCartridge njengenkampani Czech Sellier & Bellot, uNorma Precision (Sweden), kodwa ngoku .338 Lapua magnum senziwa kuphela Russian kwi naseNovosibirsk iCartridge izityalo. Iimpawu lapua Russian ngandlel nganto version yokuqala. Ikopi epheleleyo iCartridge kuthiwa SP-152.

izixhobo zawo

iCartridge Heavy .338 LM owadala imisebenzi ethile, kwaye afohlela ezisebenzisa nto, ukuba lo mdlalo. Kodwa ngenxa yokugxininisa imxinwa afohlela ezininzi yaye alaqhenqetha, ezifana M98 Barrett. M98V Barrett kwakhona esenzelwe ngokukodwa Lapua ukuvuleka 338, nto ilula ngokwanele (ubunzima 6.1 kg - kuba umpu yale hlobo ngenene bit) kunye compact (1267 mm ubude, naye uyakwazi kuthuthwa unassembled), kunye longitudinally-sliding esangweni kunye nevenkile ngenxa imijikelo ezilishumi, kwaye mayixhotyiswe flash suppressor. Njengezinye zokuzenzela yolu hlobo, inokusetyenziswa kutshabalalisa izixhobo, kodwa eyenzelwe ngokukodwa ngokubhekisele kwiithagethi zokuqhubekela live

338 ukuvuleka carbine Orsis SE T5000, ikuqhuma nokuphindaphinda kunye ngocwangcisa manual, ifanele ekuzingeleni okanye ukudubula target. Kwakhona phakathi afohlela Russian kufuneka umfuziselo phantsi kwalo ukuvuleka izixhobo kwi nkampani Russian "Tsar Cannon".

Khupha izixhobo ngaphantsi yenkampani ukuvuleka 338 Blaser, Remington, Keppeler, Weatherby, Ukuchaneka International (abenzi of "umpu Arctic"), sako kunye nabanye.
Hi ndlela leyi, uninzi lwezi afohlela abekwe njengomdlalo, kungoko esetyenziswa nokudubula skeet, kuquka eRashiya. Ekuphela kwento ebambe umva ukusasazeka kwe afohlela ezikumgangatho ophezulu - ixabiso labo.

quality Martial

338 LM waba Ukongeza omhle iimbumbulu .50BMG, kodwa, nakuba kunjalo, alwa nayo umsebenzi walo - sokudubula izithuthi vehicles ukukhanya kwi imigama emide, kodwa bamtola ekujoliswe ephilayo akufanelekanga. Ukongeza, le umpu 338 ukuvuleka laba lula kakhulu "amahlanu".

Ukuvuleka 338 Lapua magnum kunye bullet ethe kuye ukumisa enamandla kunye neziphumo eziyingozi. Ukukhanya Bullet na, nkqu zokuzikhusela enzima imiqobo. breaks Lapua nodonga eziphathekayo, kunye neemakhishithi intsimbi ukuya okusuka ka 2.4 cm

Le iCartridge lokuzingela kunye Ukuphula imbumbulu zingasetyenziswa ekubulaweni kwezilwanyana ezinkulu ezifana amabhere kunye ungulates ezinkulu, Noko ke, nkqu i bullet iCartridge ethe ukuba angabi nxamnye izilwanyana ezinkulu Afrika: iindlovu, zobudala, imikhombe. On nemoto lokuzingela ezo zisetyenziswa, eyenziwe yi Dzhimom Bellom noWilliam Feldstein, - .700 Nitro Express. Le iCartridge for zokudubula kuluhlu elifutshane, ine i sokuqala bullet Velocity ka-590 m / umzuzwana kwi ezinobunzima 64,8 g Umgama elilelona le badubula iimbumbulu - 122 m, kanti lishiya ityhefu apho kwiintsali hayi ngaphezulu kwe-3 cm ubude iCartridge 700 ilingana 106 igeyiji. 88 mm, imbuyekezo, nangona ubunzima elinzima umpu, kakhulu - esi sixhobo ukuyipayinta nje. Kodwa hayi ilize .700 Nitro Express ithathwa kakhulu inamandla umxhasi ehlabathini. energy iCartridge yi 11.279 J, apho ngokwaneleyo ukuze nesiphumo umfowunelwa roller imikhombe okanye elephant aphilileyo. Nokuba kokoyiswa kwindawo neuboynoe isilwanyana ulahlekelwa ukukwazi ukuhamba ngexesha ukusuka kwemizuzu emi-5 ukuya ku-20, kwaye ngeli xesha umzingeli nga baphele isilwanyana umpu lighter.

imbali inkonzo

338 Lapua magnum iCartridge sisetyenziselwa iinjongo zomkhosi. Kuye ezisetyenziswa kwimfazwe e Afghanistan (2001), e-Iraq, ngokunjalo kwi kwimpuma Ukraine Libya.

Chuck 338 "Lapua" odumileyo double wadubula Craig Harris yaveliswa (akukho ngaphantsi kune "umpu Arctic" edumileyo) - ngo-2009, kuqhuma ejoliswe wabulala gunners ezimbini umatshini utshaba e Afghanistan.

Yiyo le umxhasi ezaziwayo-kakuhle gqitha sniper Kris Kayl evela US, xa wavelisa wadubula layo zikude -. 1940 m In Sadr City ngo-2008, yena wabulala isindululi irula ukuba kuza batole egesi US emkhosini.

Enye odumileyo wadubula Lapua magnum iCartridge yenziwa yi-British Kokubetha Christopher Reynolds. Kwakhona e Afghanistan, kodwa emva konyaka, wababulala ejoliswe wadubula ukususela ngo-1853 eemitha Taliban alimwi squad ngelika Mullah. Ngokuba lo wadubula Kristofer Reynolds wawongwa ngembasa.

Ezinye nemoto of ukuvuleka 338

ICartridge 338 kungenziwa ngokuba win esinda ezijoliswe, nangona nje ukuba umsebenzi olungileyo. 338 Winchester magnum - kuzingela iCartridge elungiselelwe ukutshatyalaliswa kwezilwanyana ezinkulu (kubandakanywa bears kunye iielk), abathathu kuphela iintlobo iimbumbulu, leyo kunciphisa kwayo phakathi abazingeli, nangona uthathe isigqibo olomeleleyo injongo yaso njengoko koyena iCartridge ukuvuleka medium, ezingenzelwanga ukuba ukudubula kwibhulethi kwi imigama emide. Sales e Melika, ikhapitali 7 mm rem Mag-300 Win Mag. Phantsi ukuvuleka 338 Win Mag e Melika kunye nehlabathi jikelele luvelise ezininzi izixhobo: Remington & apos; 700, Steyr - Mannlicher S, Winchester, Alaska Wena kunye nabanye.

Ezinye izixhobo ze bodidi efanayo - .338 Weatherby magnum. Nezikhali yamiselwa ngokusekelwe .378 WeatherbyMagnum. Kwakhona, njengoko abayili Research kwezikhali Industries, uRoy Uezerbi wadala iCartridge entsha, ngokuthi crimping ye emkhonweni. Nakuba kunjalo, ngokungafaniyo 338 Bell, le nqanawa ndamelana yengcinezelo zegesi propellant yaye ekhuphisana ngempumelelo kunye akhululwe kwimarike .338 Win Mag, ubunzima yi 250 okuziinkozo nayo ibonisa isantya 900 m / umzuzwana.

Phantsi inkampani iCartridge entsha Weatherby afohlela ngokusesikweni imifuziselo "Akkyumark", "izinto ezenziwe" kunye TPM.

Interesting Eneneni: 338 Lapua magnum uye waba igama le ncwadi ukususela oluthi "Stalker". Emva ngokuphuhlisa ukuqaliswa nokusebenza iCartridge eyaqamba ibinzana elithi "uzilolonga". Ngoko wabiza abatoli kumgama ayabiza.

Ukhetho ukuvuleka for sniping

Kukho izimvo ezininzi, kodwa bonke bavumelana kwinto enye: kukho abathile bodidi jikelele, kwaye 338 kungekho ngaphandle. Ukongeza, isiphumo bodidi zingahluka ngokuxhomekeke phezu kwelinye, ubunzima bayo, imilo, kwakunye ngokwexabiso kwazo. Iintolo ngokunokwabo kancincane iimbumbulu, iparameters eziliqela ukutshintsha kwicala lasekunene nto, kodwa ezithile kwaye kufuneka sithethe kuphela malunga neekhatriji mveliso. Yonke uye iziphene zayo and exceptions. gauge ngamye kuphela imisebenzi emiselweyo ngaye, ngoko ke into yokuqala kufuneka isigqibo nabo.

yokulinganisa Ukukhanya (ngezantsi amashumi amathathu) ngoku ezifundisa phantse bonke abenzi yezixhobo. Ukuba ngaphambili kwakukholelwa ukuba calibers ukukhanya ezilungele kuphela zokudubula kumgama ongaphantsi kweemitha ezingama-300, ngoku neembaleki kukhuphiswano kuyisebenzisa kwanaxa zokudubula-elide umgama ukuya ngekhilomitha enye. eziphambili Le plus ye ubukhulu - ukuhamba. iingalo nezikhali kakhulu encinane ubunzima ikuvumela ukuba uthwale iimbumbulu ngakumbi yaye ngokukhawuleza ukuphendula iimeko zitshintsha.

Medium-ukuvuleka, apho ngowam kwaye .338, yenzelwe ukudubula umgama omde. Xa kuthelekiswa neqela lokuqala, izixhobo ezinjalo nzima ngakumbi. Ukongeza, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kufuna sezomthetho enkulu: 338 breaks "Lapua" ngenxa uthango eziphathekayo, yaye xa kusetyenziswa iimbumbulu zikhula kunokuba phantse 100% ithuba lokuba athi ukuba kuya kubakho ithuba lokuba baphile ebantwini.

calibers ezinzima - "ngamahlanu" ephikisana kakhulu. Kwelinye icala, benza umsebenzi oncomekayo kunye ngokoyiswa izixhobo phezu imigama emide, kodwa ngokuchasene kubasebenzi asiphumeleli kangaka. Ewe,-ukuvuleka 50 umpu bullet unako ukuthumela ku umgama ongaphezu ezimbini khilomitha, kodwa iphenjelelwa yimiba ezininzi kangangokuba ukuziphatha ejoliswe umlilo phezu ukukhula kwethagethi iba phantse nzima. Ngoko ke ukuba hit echanileyo kwiimeko ezinjalo - ityala non-ezingenamsebenzi. Musa ukulibala ukuba iCartridge yokuqala lwenzelwe umpu kumatshini.

isiphelo

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba iimbumbulu ukumelana imisebenzi eyabelwe oko, iye neengxaki ezithile. Xa kuthelekiswa ne "namashumi omahlanu 'afohlela abanjalo ezincinane 338. Bahlaziya umlinganiselo enye enesiqingatha izihlandlo ngaphantsi. Kodwa ukuvuleka 338 alukhabi negalelo elikhulu kunye umsindo omkhulu edubuleyo. Zokuzenzela kufuneka mayixhotyiswe waqhekeza isicheme, kwaye utolo kucetyiswa ngamandla ukuba usebenzise indlela ukukhusela ezindlebeni zakho. Le umpu enobunzima 4.3 kg impembelelo ilingana 6,88 kg / cm, ongomnye isigaba ngaphezulu avareji.

338 zokuzenzela ukuvuleka azikho udidi mali. Ukufezekisa amandla ngokupheleleyo yezixhobo nezikhali kuyimfuneko ukuze bathenge i ngokukhanya enamandla imali eninzi. Kukwacetyiswa kwakhona ukuba umpu silencer ukukhusela phambi kwakho ukuthintela isandla onabileyo doti macala.

Kukholelwa ukuba ubukhulu 338 wadalwa ukuvala umsantsa phakathi .30 ukuvuleka (7.62 mm) kunye .50 (12.7mm). Mhlawumbi oku kunjalo. Xa kuthelekiswa ne yokuqala wazala 338 Lapua, ngenxa ichibi lwesamente, ngaphantsi ekucaca ukuba umoya kwaye igcinwa ngcono amandla agciniweyo kule ngingqi, yaye oku ukusebenza ziyingozi ngakumbi.

Ngenxa yokuba necala eya ngakulo tyaba nenqaba elikhuselweyo ngokuqinileyo phakathi emkhosini kunye namapolisa seva yobungcali. Ekubeni isixhobo efanelekileyo ikwazi zokudubula ngaphezulu umgama ngeekhilomitha, naphantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo, njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla, unika cm 15 kuphela agcwayele ngexesha zokudubula lo mgama. Kungenjalo, yonke into umda kuphela izakhono belukuyo utolo.