Ulawulo Project - yintoni na le nto? Ubuhle nobubi

ulawulo Project - yeyona nto ibalulekileyo inkqubo yolawulo yale mihla eRashiya. Iinkampani ezininzi basekhaya angaphandle, usebenzisa ulawulo lweprojekthi ukuphucula umgangatho weemveliso neenkonzo ezinciphisa iindleko, kwandiswe inzuzo. Yintoni ulawulo lweprojekthi yaye ziziphi izinto zalo eziphambili?

Yintoni na le projekthi?

Le mbono "iprojekthi" Inokuchazwa ngokwahlukileyo kakhulu. I ukhetho lokuqala ibandakanya inkcazelo le projekthi ibe iseti yamaxwebhu, njengako apho ulwakhiwo isakhiwo okanye isakhiwo kunokwenzeka. Kweli nqaku siza kuthetha ngayo intsingiselo yesibini elithi "iprojekthi".

Ingcaciso kweprojekthi kakhulu, nangona bonke bavumelana kwinto enye: le projekthi - ingcamango, nto leyo ithetha ukuphunyezwa kweenjongo ethile zemali kwisithuba sexesha elithile ixesha. Kulo mzekelo, umnxeba iimpawu eziphambili zale projekthi:

• Yokuvelela (iprojekthi - oku oko kudalwa kuqala).
• Umda ixesha (iprojekthi bekusoloko banikwe ixesha ukuphunyezwa kwayo).
• Gxila (uyilo lisoloko kwenzelwa imisebenzi ethile, wavakalisa, njengoko umthetho, kwiyunithi womlinganiselo oluninzi).

Ukuba yonke zontathu iimeko, izenzo zakhiwo ongathi uthunyelwe kuyo le projekthi.

Iiphothifoliyo Programme kunye neprojekthi

Iiprojekthi amathuba amaninzi zidityaniswa kwiinkqubo kunye neephothifoliyo. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yeseti iiprojekthi ezabelana injongo efanayo. Umzekelo, inkqubo yokuphucula umgangatho wemfundo ukuze ziquka iiprojekthi ukunyusa imivuzo yootitshala ngama-20%, ukwakhiwa kwezikolo ezitsha 15, ukukhululwa kweencwadi zezifundo ezintsha 26 kwizifundo ezingundoqo.

Ipotifoliyo idibanisa iiprojekthi ngemali evela kumthombo omnye, nokuba imisebenzi yabo. Ngenxa yoko, beLungu N kungabandakanya iiprojekthi ngokuba uthando, kuba kulwakhiwo-ofisi yemisebenzi entsha, ukuba kubhiyozelwe isikhumbuzo zabalawuli kunye nokwandisa ingeniso ngonyaka nge-10%.

Iiphothifoliyo iiprojekthi kunye neenkqubo kufuneka kwakhona ilifa iimpawu ezingundoqo zintathu zicaciswe apha ngentla.

Imigaqo esisiseko kulawulo lweprojekthi

Ngenxa yemarike iteknoloji esiya ngokukhawuleza, ukuze kube lula inkqubo yolawulo, kunzima ukuba igama iindlela ezithile, echaza ngokupheleleyo ulawulo lweprojekthi.

Management Project iquka iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo kwaye isekelwe phezu kwale mithetho-siseko ilandelayo:

• Gxila iziphumo. Lo mgaqo buchazwa yi ngexabiso "iprojekthi" eli gama. ulawulo Project - ayikho iseti nje ulawulo umgangatho olugqale imisebenzi ezalanayo.
• Umgaqo "unxantathu project". Xa ulawulo projekthi kufuneka akhokelwe kokuxhomekeka: xesha, uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali, umgangatho le projekthi. Ukutshintsha omnye wemiba ezikhokelela utshintsho kwabanye, ukuze babe njengamakhiwane amaqela kanxantathu.
• Accounting ukuba umjikelo wobomi projekthi. Umjikelo wobomi Project liqala lokusekwa ingcamango ekudaleni iprojekthi uphele ngexesha kokuphela kwexesha xesha kule projekthi. Umjikelo wobomi projekthi kuvame ekuqaleni komjikelo wobomi imveliso, wadala ngenxa yale projekthi.
• indlela inkqubo yolawulo. Lo mgaqo lubandakanya ukuvavanywa le projekthi iseti iinkqubo, amaqhina oqhagamshelwano kunye subtotals eziphela ngohlobo iimveliso semi-ogqityiweyo okanye amaxwebhu ebalulekileyo. Le ndlela ivumela lokulawula iprojekthi ngaphandle ebizwa ngokuba 'ezibukweni. "

Inkuthazo ye nxaxheba yeprojekthi

Khuthaza nxaxheba project zidla ingqalelo eyodwa xa ulawulo yeprojekthi ezikhethelwe imisebenzi ethile. ulawulo Project ngokuqhelekileyo kuquka iindlela ezibonakalayo kunye nezo zingabonakaliyo inkuthazo.

Sezibonelelo zemali ziquka iibhonasi, izohlwayo, imirhumo ukuba inzaliseko yokuqala ekujoliswe aphakathi.

ubuchule izizathu ezingaphathekiyo ziquka iileta oluleko kunye nezipho ngohlobo ixesha, kwakunye ngokusasazwa ukhuphiswano phakathi nxaxheba kule projekthi njengenxalenye Competition.

izigaba zolawulo ezisisiseko yeprojekthi

ulawulo Project lwenzeka kwi amanyathelo lweprojekthi izigaba zomjikelo wobom nokuntsonkotha yolawulo. izigaba zokuqhagamshelwa kunye izigaba inikwe kule theyibhilie ingezantsi.

Ngaloo ndlela, intsimi yolawulo lweprojekthi ziquka imali, abasebenzi, amacandelo noshowo mbutho.

Isicelo yolawulo lweprojekthi

isakhiwo ulawulo Project uquka izahlulelo yonke imisebenzi lombutho ukwenzela iiprojekthi kunye neethagethi ixesha ebembophile. Ngelo xesha kwasekwa iqela ukwenzela iprojekthi nganye kunye iqela nabaphathi beprojekthi, ngubani ingxelo kwintloko ukuphunyezwa kwale projekthi.

Malunga nalo ulawulo projekthi idla isicelo kwimibutho ishino ngobukhulu, uluhlu olubanzi odolo ngaxeshanye yenziwe. Nangona kunjalo, xa ishishini elincinane isicelo ulawulo lweprojekthi ukuze imisebenzi ethile kwi yotshintsho yemveliso okanye, umzekelo, ukuqaliswa imveliso entsha.

ulawulo Project kwicandelo lokwakha

Ushishino lokwakha isicelo ebalulekileyo ingakumbi indlela yolawulo lweprojekthi. Iinkampani benza umthengi okanye ikhontrakha imisebenzi, ulawulo lweprojekthi usebenzisa ukwahlulwa yendalo lomsebenzi iiprojekthi (eyinqobo imveliso, oko kukuthi, ulwakhiwo isakhiwo nganye - iprojekthi separate), kwaye isakhelo sabalawuli abaphezulu kufuna phantse akukho ngokutsha kakhulu.

ulawulo lweprojekthi wombutho nalo rhoqo wenziwa phantsi umgaqo projekthi, esebenzisa ngempumelelo amaqela sele ukusekwa ngayo abathungi njengoko iqela leprojekthi.

ulawulo Project kurhulumente

ulawulo Project kurhulumente - umkhwa omtsha noko namhlanje. Inkqubo-ekujoliswe indlela yolawulo, asakhulayo ukusuka kwixesha eSoviet, ngoku ezifumene uhlobo lolawulo lweprojekthi kwilizwe liphela. Ke kaloku, ukuze kulungiswe lo msebenzi sobuchule urhulumente esebenzisa inkqubo, kuquka iiprojekthi ngamnye kunye neethagethi kunye nemihla. Noko ke, ulawulo kakhulu loo program indlela sikude ogqibeleleyo yaye ifuna langoku kunye nokuhlaziywa.

Amava ekuphunyezweni yolawulo lweprojekthi kummandla Belgorod

ulawulo Project singqiniwe ehlabathini lonke. ERashiya, ke, iye amava isicelo ngale ndlela kummandla Belgorod.

Le kuyozala-scale kuye kwabachaphazela phantse kuzo zonke iinkalo zenkonzo yoluntu kummandla Belgorod. Phakathi iimpawu - ulawulo lweprojekthi Education, inkxaso yombutho kunye methodological, ukuhlolwa intsimi, izizathu, uvavanyo yolwazi kubasebenzi, iiprojekthi ncomo iikomiti zeengcali.

ulawulo lweprojekthi kummandla Belgorod ngoku kuquka imizimba adibeneyo kulawulo lweprojekthi:

• Kwamasebe Commission liqhuba imisebenzi yolawulo lweprojekthi.
• Ingcali Industry ikhomishini isigqibo nokuvulwa / ukuvalwa iiprojekthi.
• Ofisi Project yeNgingqi, igade ukuthotyelwa kunye nendlela yolawulo lweprojekthi.

Umgaqo "window enye"

Kungenxa kule sikhokelo utshintsho ukuze project ulawulo Belgorod mmandla emva ngo-2010 baya kuba imvume iiprojekthi zotyalo-mali ngokusebenzisa inkqubo "window eyodwa", impilo-eyaziwa ngoku eMoscow. Indima ye window enze nje omnye iinkonzo ezisandula kuqaliswa - ofisi yeprojekthi yoMmandla. Ngoku, kanye ngenyanga enye ukususela kumhla unyango kwiprojekthi amashishini ofisi wamkela uxwebhu nolungelelaniso.

Information System Automated "Management Project"

Ulwazi kunye nenkxaso yobuchule yolawulo lweprojekthi kummandla Belgorod lwenziwa ngenkqubo yolwazi ezenzekelayo (Ais) "uLawulo Project". Le web-sicelo engadingi ukuba ufakelo software ezongezelelweyo kwaye yenza le misebenzi ilandelayo ukwenzela iiprojekthi iinkqubo, kunye neephothifoliyo:

• Ukugcina lobhaliso (database).
• Ukuhlela.
• Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali.
• Ukubeka iliso ekuphunyezweni amanqanaba zommandla kamasipala.
• Ukuhanjiswa amagunya umyalelo uxanduva.
• Tshintsha umxholo.
• isilumkiso inkqubo azayo ziziganeko ezenzeka iiprojekthi.
• Zokuhamba.
• Ngokwayo ingxelo yohlalutyo.
• Uhlanganiso ne-e-Government of kummandla Belgorod.

Izinto eziluncedo nezingeloncedo yolawulo lweprojekthi

Wachaza amava ukuphunyezwa yolawulo lweprojekthi kummandla Belgorod waphumelela. Isiphumo olu tshintsho sabonakala kakhulu ukwanda nge-0.1% (ngaphezu kwama-3 bln. Engange) kwi izinga lokukhula yemveliso ezinzulu zemimandla, ukunciphisa ixesha elichithwa phezu nokulungelelaniswa kweeprojekthi (ngeenyanga 2 iprojekthi nganye) kunye ngasantya esiphezulu lophuhliso lotyalo-mali kwingingqi ngo 23 %. Nakuba kunjalo, isiphumo ebaluleke kakhulu - ukuyilwa yokucinga ekuyileni abaqeshwa abo bazama ukuba ukuhlalutya nokusombulula ingxaki, maxa wambi engaqhelekanga, iindlela ezintsha.

Motivation kunye ngokutsha ngesakhiwo yolawulo zivelise nempembelelo entle nje kuphela ngenxa yenkonzo yoluntu, kodwa kushishino, ngokudala imozulu yotyalo elilungileyo kunye nokususa imiqobo noshishino.

sabemi mmandla sele ibandakanyeka esimalunga nokhetho esweni ukuphunyezwa kweeprojekthi ebalulekileyo enobuqhinga. Kuba ulawulo lweprojekthi abantu - kukukwazi ukusebenzisa iinkonzo ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye yokuhamba.

Noko ke, phezu kwazo zonke iingenelo lwesakhiwo lolawulo lweprojekthi, kukho iingxaki xa kule ndlela.

Kwindawo yokuqala, ixesha lotshintsho. Kuthatha ixesha ukulayisha kwaye neqela leprojekthi ukwenza umsebenzi walo njengendlela ukuvumelana.

Okwesibini, ukuqaliswa yolawulo lweprojekthi kwishishini, ukufumana nomphathi weprojekthi zilungileyo zilibaziseke. Kuba iimpawu kunye nobungcali nomphathi weprojekthi iimfuno eliphezulu kakhulu: ubugcisa ebanzi, ukuntywiliselwa ngokupheleleyo kuyilo, amava ulawulo lweprojekthi Okukodwa efunekayo.

A ethile sesithathu ulawulo zeprojekthi ozakuthathwa nemfuneko ukwahlula izibonelelo kwinkampani phakathi kwemisebenzi eyilwayo. Xa iinkampani "ahlwempuzekileyo" ukuba sikwazi ukuba unrealizable. abaphathi Project kufuneka 'ukulwa "-mali kunye nabasebenzi, engavumelekanga phantsi kolawulo lilonke zonke izigaba zomjikelo wobomi projekthi.

Enye iintsilelo ibalulekileyo kwindlela umbutho ulawulo lweprojekthi yi ukuqeshwa kwamalungu eqela projekthi kunye nenkokeli yale projekthi emva kokugqitywa kwalo. Ilayisha abasebenzi, njengoko nisazi, ulawulo ibalulekileyo yoshishino ngempumelelo, kwaye kwimeko yomsebenzi omsebenzi rhoqo "alenga emoyeni," iqela leengcali, leyo ngaxeshanye ndayihluthwa umthwalo rhoqo.

Ngamafutshane, oko kunokwenziwa isigqibo sokuba ulawulo yeprojekthi - yinxalenye yendawo zoshishino mihla, kunye nofundo lokuba iziseko zawo kubalulekile ulawulo abanobuchule izigqibo kwi zombini urhulumente kunye ngaphakathi namashishini azimeleyo.