Umbutho kwezoqoqosho "Customs Union" ezi sisiseko kwimimiselo yobuchwepheshe

Ukususela igama ngokwalo, "union amasiko" sifikelela kwisigqibo ukuba ungumlinganiswa onjani na isivumelwano phakathi eziliqela kwamazwe. amazwe kuphela ukuba amasiko kunye nelungelo ukungena nakwesiphi izivumelwano.

Ukuvela Imibutho namasiko

Kakade ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XIX, ngowe-1815, oko wasayina isivumelwano sokuqala kwezoqoqosho wayithiya Zollverein, imimiselo zezobugcisa nokubonelela ngokusekwa lorhwebo olukhululekileyo olukhoyo ne-Prussia. Inzuzo indawo efanayo yezoqoqosho kuqatshelwe nokuba ke. Noko ke, umbutho endala loo migaqo kugqalwa i Southern African Customs Union. kwimimiselo yobuchwepheshe ziya phuhliswa ngoku sithethayo ukulungiselela ixesha elide. Lasekwa ngo-1889, kwaye isivumelwano sokuqala satyikitywa kuphela ngo-1910. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ezinye amazwe ehlabathini jikelele ziye zagqiba kunye nezinye semfundo nganye imibutho ezisekelwe oko kukuthi into yokuZenzekelayo, okanye kukhuselwe imarike akhiwa ngamazwe lesithathu.

liqulunqe izibonelelo ezisisiseko zaye, iikhowudi yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nemimiselo zobugcisa i-Customs Union. Thathela ingqalelo amava kweenkulungwane ezimbini zonke ezi mpawu ziyaphucuka lonke ixesha ukwenza isibheno union, landa inani labo baxolelwe kwezi zifundo.

Izinto eziluncedo ze Izivumelwano ezinjalo

Ukususa imida, ukusekwa imarike yangaphakathi enye, ukupheliswa imirhumo neendleko ukuze zijongwe amasiko - konke oku kuchaphazela iindleko yempahla eyalo.

Igama le manyano phambi kwabantu abaninzi ngento nakuthetha. Kwakungekho de kwango-2006, xa kuqala waqalisa ukuthetha malunga nokudalwa Customs Union phakathi Belarus, Kazakhstan naseRashiya, leyo kuthiwa ukuvuselela ngokusekelwe kwi EurAsEC - yaseYurophu Union loQoqosho (isishunqulelo limele le). Ngelo xesha nye ivume olunye ikhowudi amasiko kunye lwamaxabiso enye yazo zonke iimpahla eyalo. Kule esiphila nabagxeki ezininzi nabagxeki. Kodwa singenako ukuyiphika le yokuba 2012 ebuncwaneni Kazakhstan kabini.

Ngokutsho ingxelo Sergey Glazyev, ke ngoko ukuma isithuthi uNobhala uxanduva yeKomishini (elawulayo kunye nokusisigxina), kuba kwisiqingatha sokuqala ubukho zeengqukuva Community wezoQoqosho mazwe iqukiwe kulo liye landa nge yesithathu, yaye norhwebo kwimimandla umda - 40%. Inzuzo shazi.

Injongo kwimimiselo yobuchwepheshe

Towards ekudalweni lo mbutho waba neengxaki ezininzi, njengoko kuboniswa ixesha elidlulileyo ukusuka isigqibo ukusekwa kweManyano ngo-2006 phambi kokuba wabonakala ngo-2010, i-Customs Union. kwimimiselo yobuchwepheshe yenzelwe ngobunono ukwenzela ukuba kuthintelwe naziphi na umgaqo zocalucalulo nxamnye nawaphi na amazwe inxaxheba. Ekuqaleni, lo Union wavunywa kwimimiselo yobuchwepheshe 27, ngolu hlobo lulandelayo ukwamkelwa: ngo-2012 - 8, ngo-2013 - 12, ngo-2014 - 5, 2015 - nokuba 2. Njengoko yanamhlanje, inani liye landa kwaye ilingana no 31. abaninzi uphuhliso. Ngokwahlukeneyo yathi amashishini basayine ngaphambili kwezinye iimvumelwano, phetha, phantsi kweemeko ezimiselweyo de kube mzuzu xa edlulileyo ukhozo isivumelwano ukusebenza. Ukuze lula ummiselo yobugcisa (phantsi kwe-sikhokelo esemthethweni) kwi kummandla Union, yaqalisa kuhlu olulodwa kweemveliso. Xa ungena ukusebenza kwawo nawuphi na ummiselo we-Customs Union, iphelelwa kweliso yesizwe ngaphambili yokusebenza karhulumente.

Iinjongo kunye neenjongo ze-Customs Union

I Interstate Council, equka abongameli kunye nabaphathiswa yinkulumbuso kumazwe amathathu, lelona candelo lolawulo ephakamileyo lombutho ngamazwe.

Customs Union kwimimiselo yobuchwepheshe eziquka ngokupheleleyo zonke-sikhokelo esemthethweni kunye nekhowudi namasiko, wadalelwa ukwenzela ukuqinisekisa ukukhula kwe-GDP (Gross Domestic Product) yamazwe inxaxheba. Kwaye oku kukhula kwenzeka, njengoko oko kungqinwa inani kumazwe ukulungele ukungenela umbutho. Le Armenia, Tajikistan kunye Moldova. Uthethwano luyaqhubeka kunye New Zealand, Sirayeli, eSiriya, Vietnam ne India. Kwakhona olwenziwa kunye Iceland, Luxembourg kunye Switzerland - iintlanga bemanyene umbutho ekuthiwa afta. I-Customs Union une ariya yorhwebo okutyumba kunye kumazwe amaninzi ehlabathini lonke.

Xa Customs Union, kukho imizimba eligunyazisiweyo ngamaQela. imisebenzi yawo iquka uphuhliso kwimimiselo yobuchwepheshe, kwakunye kweliso nokuthotyelwa kunye neemfuno le mimiselo, ukulawula phezu ukuphunyezwa imisebenzi ezicwangciselwe ukuphunyezwa imisebenzi.