Umfazi Hruscheva Nikity: engobomi, imbali kunye namanqaku anika umdla

umfazi Biography lo uNobhala kwesigele Jikelele eSoviet Union kwi historiography kule mithombo ayikho nje eneenkcukacha ulwazi, ngoko Nina Kukharchuk ezikhankanywe kuphela kwimeko ubomi lobuqu Nikita Khrushchev. Kwaye umfazi Khrushchev - kakhulu inani enemibala ngubani iminyaka emininzi wasinika unobhala diff ethembekileyo jikelele kwilizwe enkulu, ukuxhasa kuye zonke iinzame. Njani, ke, ukususela intombazana elula, wakwazi ukuba eli nenekazi lokuqala USSR? Qwalasela lo mbuzo ngokucacileyo ngaphezulu.

Iminyaka esakhula

Nina Petrovna Kuharchuk (umfazi Khrushchev kaThixo) - ngozalelwe kuloo lali ekuthiwa seulgi, ibekwe kwiphondo Chelm Ukraine. Yena wazalwa Aprili 14, 1900 xa intsapho eqhelekileyo Sasungulwa. UNina waba udade oselula, Maria, owathi kamva watshata umbhali odumileyo uMikhail Sholokhov, kunye nabazalwana ababini abadala.

kwizikolo zasemaphandleni umfazi elizayo Khrushchev iya kugqiba iminyaka elishumi. Ootitshala baphawula wenkuthalo intombazana kunye umdla kwisayensi, ngoko ziyacetyiswa abazali ukuba ukuhamba phambili kule nkalo, kodwa kweso sixeko. Kungekudala, uNina wayesele umfundi kwesinye sezikolo e Odessa.

Xa phakathi War Civil Kukharchuk benamandla izimvo "ngekhohlo" kunye lujoyine i RCP (B). E Odessa, oko (umfazi elizayo Khrushchev) uphaka umsebenzi esebenzayo komhlaba.

Winter 1920 uNina uba lilungu le-Ofisi ntsha of galich. Ukusebenza apha, wadibana ngokubekwa amanani Ukrainian: Ossip Bushkovannym kunye Taras Franco.

Kungekudala nina Petrovna kudluliselwa phambili Polish, apho esichengeni ubomi bakhe, kuba zokufikelela emkhosini.

intlanganiso ebaluleke

Ngowe-1922, umfazi elizayo Nikity Hruscheva wabelwa eMoscow endleleni (kummandla we IDonetsk Yuzovka) waziva egula kakhulu. Ewela zizehlo yesifo. Kuthatha makalungise ezaziwayo-kakuhle yamaBolshevik Seraphim Gopner.

Ukuba lazisa Woman with eliselula igama indoda Khrushchev, owathunywa ukuba umsebenzi iqela kummandla IDonetsk. Xa ubulungisa, sithi, Nikita Sergeyevich wakuthanda mfazi omhle Ukrainian kunye ubuso ngeenxa neenwele ezimfutshane. Uvelwano efanayo. isigcino zabo efanayo; bobabini babefuna ukukhonza ekondleni iingcamango Communist Party. Khrushchev ngoko kakhulu imfuneko yokuba umhlobo osenyongweni. Umfazi wokuqala Khrushchev wabhubha ngo-1920, yaye yena wasala yedwa kunye nabantwana ababini. Kungekudala, abantu baqalisa ukuhlala kunye.

Intsapho model Soviet

Ekuqaleni 1930, Nikita noNina lihamba ukuhlala kwikomkhulu. Ngoxa umyeni lonke ixesha lakhe kumsebenzi iqela, yena wayenza wasendlini ifanelekileyo yokukhulisa abantwana. Nditshatile ne Khrushchev Wayenembewu ezintathu: intombi ePalamente (1928), nyana Sergey (1935) kunye intombi, Elena (-1937). Kodwa umyeni wakhe kunye nabantwana nomfazi wakhe wokuqala, Nina Petrovna abagcini kunye nokhathalelo kokusingqongileyo. Kodwa imfundo, waba engqongqo kunye unzima. Nangona yokuba anika imbonakalo a bekhaya, eneneni, imiba lwasekhaya zange element yakhe.

Akazange nje zicocekile, ukuhlamba, silungiselele, ngokuchaseneyo, umzekelo, ukusuka umfazi wakhe Z Brezhnev. Yonke i "ibhodle" umsebenzi uyenzile nezicakakazi, abatshintshayo, ezifana iiglavu. Nina nabo eyenziwa ngempumelelo indima nomlawuli, ebukele ngenyameko umgangatho zokucoca, ukupheka kunye impahla. Yaye ukuba nawuphi na umyalelo eyenziweyo, ukugxothwa, zamlandela.

Noko ke, umfazi jikelele unobhala zange kichilas ukuba Khrushchev wathabatha izikhundla eziphakamileyo izixhobo karhulumente. Yena akazange sinandipha wamnika ilungelo, wakhetha ukuba baye emsebenzini ngezithuthi zikawonke.

sempi

Khrushchev usapho buhlungu xa ukufa, unyana ka-Nikita Khrushchev bomtshato wakhe wokuqala - Z. Omnye unyana, Sergei, wagula nesifo sephepha. Kodwa Khrushchev walwa phezu edabini, lokukhulula kwilizwe labo kubahlaseli.

Ngokuphindaphindiweyo watyelela Kyïv, bahlangana abantu abadlulayo-by kwaye bakholelwe ukuba loyiso igalelekile.

Le minyaka yasemva kwemfazwe

Ekupheleni kuka 1940, Khrushchev waqhubeka umsebenzi yakhe yezopolitiko, yaye iqela Stalin kaThixo wathabatha nga indawo yokugqibela.

Ngeli xesha, Nina Petrovna ngokukhutheleyo ukunxibelelana ababhali, iimbongi, abadlali, Ukraine. Ufuna inkcubeko yalo mmandla, nophuhliso olutsha, aze abuze umfazi wakhe ukuba ahlawule ingqalelo oku. Khrushchev, ngubani ngokufuthi yenza umnyinyiva emfazini wakhe, kuba negalelo kakhulu kule. Emva kwexesha elithile, kwiriphabliki Ukrainian ekubeni kummandla elikhokelayo ezahlukeneyo zokuhlola.

First Lady

Emva kokufa "inkokeli bamandla izizwe 'kweli lizwe ocande ezandleni Nikity Hruscheva. Ukutshatisa ubume elite umfazi uNobhala Jikelele, uNina kwandisa inqanaba lakho lemfundo, azifihle ukufunda iilwimi zasemzini. Ebutsheni yakhe sele uthethe kakuhle Polish. Ngoku uye wagqiba kwelokuba afunde IsiNgesi, waza waphumelela. Kwathi kanti, ulwazi angaphandle eyanceda Nina Petrovna kwi ishishini engasebenzi amazwe.

utyelelo angaphandle

Khrushchev waba ngowokuqala zeenkokeli Soviet, ababa nenkalipho ukuba ahambe nosapho lwakhe kwilizwe zongxowankulu ukuphuhlisa uzilawula kwezoqoqosho.

mbali abaninzi khumbula intlanganiso odumileyo Nikita Khrushchev kunye US John F. Kennedy. Oku kwenzeka kwi Schönbrunn Palace. Kakade ke, xa kuthe Khrushchev kunye nomfazi wakhe Kennedi Zhaklin wadibana kuqala.

izichasi ezimbini

Press ngoko elide kuxoxwe kwaye kuthelekiswa kubafazi abantu zokuqala USSR kunye USA. Kwaye kukho isizathu le nto. Isibakala sokuba amaqabane ngokwangaphandle iintloko amagunya ezimbini zelimiweyo ahluke. Nina weza kwintlanganiso ilokhwe elula, apho kwakukho izigidi abafazi Soviet. Yena sekumbovu sazaliseka njani kwiminyaka engama-60, loo nto ukwamkela naziphi iimveliso izithambiso, yaye ngenxa mzobo yakhe zityebile-ndaba Western baqamba yakhe "Makhulu." Kwaye Zhaklin Kennedi, ngokuchaseneyo, waye umfazi wokwenene yefashoni ocacile basedolophini. Wayebukele ngenyameko mzobo kunye nobuso.

Iintatheli bavakalelwa kukuba Khrushchev kunye nomfazi wakhe Jacqueline abadli ukufumana isihloko eqhelekileyo incoko. Kodwa yintoni na ummangaliso loluntu xa Nina wabonisa iimvakatjhi ulwazi ngolwimi lwasemzini.

Kwaye umongameli waseMelika wothuka ukuba lady yokuqala karhulumente yiSoviet wayezazi kakuhle imicimbi kuqoqosho. Enye indlela okanye enye, kodwa indlela yobomi, nto leyo eyakhokelela umfazi wakhe Zhaklin Kennedi kunye Khrushchev baba izulu nomhlaba, ngoko babengakwazi babe ngabahlobo abasenyongweni.

Assistant yeengcinga ubudlelwane

Khrushchev era mbali kuqikelelwa antsonkothileyo. Kodwa yena wayekwazi ukomeleza nkqo amandla karhulumente, ukuze ilizwe eyomeleleyo kwaye enamandla ngokwemiqathango lwezakhono zokhuselo. Zintathu "imijukujelwa. Kosmos. Gagarin "wajika eSoviet Union ibe ukubangisana. Kakade ke, luya kuba oko kuphela Nikita Khrushchev, kodwa nomhlobo wakhe othembekileyo Nina Petrovna. Ukuba uNobhala Jikelele akaliphulaphula imbono yakhe, akwaziwa, eli lizwe kuba nako ukuphumeza zonke ezi zinto zingasentla.

Emva kokumka Khrushchev ukusuka kwezopolitiko enkulu kwacaca ukuba Nina wayephila kwiminyaka engama-40 kunye ne-Nikitoy Sergeevichem neqabano. Kuphela ebudaleni ikwandim, baye wayilungisa le mpazamo.

umfazi Khrushchev kaThixo, ogama biography ngokuqinisekileyo umdla omkhulu mbali, uNobhala Jikelele Koloni lifumanise kangangeminyaka eli-13. Lamkela ukuhamba nzima nobomi Nikita Khrushchev. Nina Petrovna bayibonisa lonke uvuyo kunye inomvandedwa, kumnceda ngandlela zonke ukuba buxhomekeke kuphela kuyo. Akazange afune nto, bewa- elungileyo ngokwaneleyo ngemilinganiselo yiSoviet umhlala - engange-200. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, umfazi jikelele unobhala waphila dacha karhulumente Zhukovka. Ntombi emehlweni asebenza kuhlelo uhlelo ushicilelo "Science and Life", unyana ka-Sergei wasebenza Institute Research.

Nina wafa ngoAgasti 13, 1984. Komngcwabo wathobeka. Umfazi Nikity Sergeevicha Hruscheva wangcwatywa elikomkhulu kumangcwaba Novodevichy.