Uphuhliso zokumba: Indlela Basic

Foundation emhadini - yaphambana emhlabeni, ngamanye amazwi, umngxuma omkhulu wadala yonke isiseko, kwakunye nezinye zobunjineli kunye nobugcisa zokwakha. Uphuhliso zokumba wenziwa kuphela ziingcali kunye nolwazi oluthile kunye namava. Le misebenzi aqala ekulungiseleleni amaxwebhu eprojekti kunye yokuhlala: eli nyathelo kubalulekile ingakumbi xa kuziwa ekuqhubeni umsebenzi zokumba ngaphakathi kwimida kwisixeko esikhulu, apho kukho inani elikhulu izibonelelo eluncedo komhlaba ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo ukwenzela ukuba ukudala imeko kaxakeka.

Ukumba umgodi ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ekumbiwe kuyo. Qiniseka ukuba bakuthathele ingqalelo engile bebeba, adhesion iimpawu zomhlaba, njl Wall emhadini inokuba nkqo, kodwa lo mzekelo komhlaba ukulungiswa ezongezelelweyo (ukuba ubunzulu kune iimitha ezimbini). Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi xa kukho izakhiwo zokuhlala. Njengoko umthetho, kwinkqubo ukumba kwemingxuma ukuphumeza ezi ntlobo zilandelayo zomsebenzi: Iinkonzo kuhlolwa; umbutho yeendlela zokufikelela okwethutyana; ukusasazwa okanye ukuthunyelwa umhlaba kuphuhliswa.

Backhoes

Uphuhliso zokumba ikhutshwa phandle iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ukumbiwa, ezifana backhoe. Oku kwenza kube lula ukuba ukuphuhlisa umhlaba indlela ngoomatshini. Ngaphezu koko, kusenokwenzeka ukuba enze penetrations lateral. Lo matshini kulo mzekelo emi ngaphezu kumgangatho osezantsi, kwaye usindanisa umhlaba ogrunjiweyo ukulahlela okanye enye impahla isithuthi. Ngokuqhelekileyo backhoes asetyenziswa xa kuyimfuneko ukusebenza kunye nemihlaba emanzi okanye ufumile.

Yeyiphi indlela ukusebenzisa - kwicala Tunneling okanye isiphelo - kuxhomekeke yintoni na kumatshini yokusebenza. Apha kuyimfuneko ukuba bathathele ingqalelo nobubanzi nobunzulu embe emhadini. Ukuba ukuthunyelwa izithuthi kabini, lo penetrant isiphelo unokuba ububanzi cm 160 ukuya-170. Ukuba feed dumpers lwenziwa ngesinye isandla, ububanzi kuya kuba 130 cm. Uphuhliso lomhlaba esemseleni wawakhotha ndilibalule kwencakuba kunciphisa ububanzi elalana, ekubeni izinto ogrunjiweyo kufuneka zifakwe kule mfumba . Xa ambelwe nobubanzi obungaphezu ububanzi elalana (xa uhambisa kumgca othe ngqo), isiphelo sebenzisa penetrations ezininzi okanye uhambo amajikojiko (inkqubo isiphelo cross-).

ukumbiwa ubulembu

Ubulembu iphuhlisa komhlaba, elele ngaphezu kwenqanaba lekhefu. Imisebenzi yenziwa ngokusebenzisa icala kunye penetrations ekupheleni kunye ukuthunyelwa zomhlaba kusiwa yokulahla okanye kwisithuthi. Xa ubulembu enkulu radius Wajika, yaye uphanda nzulu - oku ingenelo yayo ephambili phezu umatshini nge backhoe. Ngoko ke, ukuba isetyenziswa kakuhle xa sisebenza kunye kwindawo exineneyo ethambileyo, nokuba Ukwanda yawo amanzi eliphezulu kakhulu. Umsebenzi iya kwenziwa emhlabeni ucingo iye kwicala ngalinye lori (scheme isiphekepheke ezinqamlezayo). Kubalulekile ukuba esitsholo ngedragline usoloko lijikeleza kule nkqubo ukothula. Ke ukuba umhlaba uchwethezelwe ecaleni ngasemva isithuthi impahla - oku kubizwa ngokuba indlela longitudinal-nesiphekepheke.

uphuhliso End

Emva uphuhliso yokwemba wenziwe kwaye wonke umhlaba isusiwe, nelamaxandeka, banqunyulwe, kwaye ezantsi icetyelwe. Ukuba ngezantsi kuba isiseko isiseko, umhlaba isuswa hayi zonke - ngaphantsi kwe 10-30 cm, kunokuba kwakucwangcisiwe. Oogandaganda benza atshayele ezantsi emhadini. Ukuze kube nokugqityezelwa emigodini yokomba ukuba abembi asetyenziswa ngenkuthalo ihlele hydraulics. Iqumrhu abasebenzayo owawusisibonakude (bafudukela kumacala ahlukeneyo), kwaye boom nga kuyoluka. Emva emhadini kulala xa kuqhutywa umsebenzi kwisixhobo wamalungu komhlaba zezakhiwo.