Urinalysis - nanjengokwesimo kwaye kwegazi

iinkqubo yezifo echukumisa izintso womchamo, kuchaphazela iimpawu umchamo, ngoko ukufunda yayo kubalulekile ukwenzela iziphumo zokuxilonga izifo. Amaninzi yokuhlola urinalysis. Ummiselo kolu hlahlelo ibonisa nje kuphela ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo nezintso, kodwa amanye amalungu.

Ngokubanzi, kusasa uphando umchamo eqokelelwe kwiindawo ezomileyo, ibhotile ecocekileyo, xa Imali ukuya ml 200. Uhlalutyo jikelele iqulathe ezintathu, eziquka parameters emzimbeni, parameters iikhemikhali kunye microscope intlenga womchamo.

Urinalysis: ubunjalo eziqhelekileyo emzimbeni

Izalathi emzimbeni yokuhlaziya jikelele ziquka imali, umbala, ivumba, amandla ezithile elubala.

Umchamo umbala kungenxa uphawu umxholo, urobilin kunye nezinye izinto. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kusenokuba lubhelu kunye intensities ezahlukeneyo ngokuxhomekeke xi. Utshintsho umbala kungenxa ukuvela kukho inani elikhulu iiseli ezibomvu kunye zombala inyongo, nto leyo esoloko uphawu ngezifo.

Ivumba umchamo kwi norm-ngqo, kodwa elibukhali. Amaxesha amaninzi ifaniswa ivumba hay omtsha-njengemvula. Ukubola umchamo abe livumba ngokukhawuleza of ammonia. Phambi imizimba ketone ke lithi libe livumba apile abolileyo.

Ethile amandla luyahluka kakhulu kwaye kuxhomekeke uyondelelwano lwee- iityuwa, urea, kunye emoyeni - eswekile ziiprotein. Ngokwesiqhelo, ubunzulu ezithile uzimisele ukususela 1015 ukuya 1028. Esitalini umlinganiselo ophezulu seswekile kwagqitywa, libya - in ukusilela kwezintso.

Umchamo kufuneka ngokuqhelekileyo ibe selubala. Turbidity ezinokubangelwa ubukho iityuwa, yencindi, iintsholongwane kunye neeseli negazi.

Urinalysis: izinga kwezalathisi zeekhemikhali

Chemical iparameters umchamo kukho indlela yayo, kunye nobukho protein, iswekile, zombala inyongo, acids inyongo, urobilin, imizimba ketone.

Kucingwa kungasisalathisi esibalulekileyo abasabela ngayo umchamo. Ukusabela kwegazi kugcinwa esitalini kwinqanaba ngenxa ekukwazini izintso ukuba zigutyula hydrogen ion kunye yesoda. I-avareji pH umchamo ngesiqhelo Umfuno malunga 6.0.

Ayikho enye chemical parameters ngokuqhelekileyo akufunekanga. khondo kwavumela protein kunye imali encinane lwemizimba ketone.

ukwanda asidi kwenzeka khona ukusilela kwezintso, isifo seswekile, urolithiasis, isifo sezintso kunye nezinye izifo. Umchamo uba ukugabha obrak, izifo ezingapheliyo womchamo, ikakhulu ekusebenziseni ukutya zezityalo, amanzi bezimbiwa obrak.

Inkangeleko kwiproteni sikuko konke izifo izintso kunye ekubulaleni nephrons. Glycosuria, okt phambi eswekile umchamo uvela seswekile, ngokunjalo esibindini kwesibindi kunye thyrotoxicosis. Bilirubinuria iqatshelwe esibindini izifo.

Urinalysis: normal intlenga microscopy

Microscopy yodaka wokuchama kufuneka ukuchonga ezo izinto ifakiwe ukwakhiwa umchamo, izinto ezingadibaniyo kwaye alikwazi kumiselwa kulingwa imichiza. Le kwenze uzimisele elements yegazi iiseli epithelial, iphosa, ziikristale neentsholongwane iityuwa. Kungasisalathisi esibalulekileyo, nto leyo ibonisa uhlalutyo jikelele umchamo - iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Udidi lo mzobo - leukocytes idla emehlweni. Umchamo komntu esempilweni njengoko inokumiselwa iiseli igazi ngamnye ezibomvu, kukho inani elincinane leseli le epithelium carcinomas, iisilinda hyaline ekwanti.

Ukwandisa inani iiseli ezibomvu egazini kuthiwa hematuria nezihlunu kwezintso kunye izilonda, traumatic wokuchama ilitye phecana okanye isanti, isinye ngezifo.

Pyuria, oko kukuthi inani elikhulu iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi phantsi neemicroscope yinkqubo yokukrala kwi izintso okanye womchamo. Kunjalo wathi inani elikhulu leseli epithelial, ukubonakala apho amanani amakhulu kwakhona yenzeka kwetyhefu kunye nezifo ezosulelayo.

Ziikristale of urate neetyuwa ngohlobo, oxalates phosphate kwasekwa urolithiasis.

Ngokwesiqhelo, umchamo ludlolo, imbonakalo ngayo iintsholongwane ibonisa ubukho womchamo komtshiso yebhaktiriya.

Siye sahlolisisa ebonisa urinalysis. Nakuphi na ukutenxa kule amaxabiso yesiqhelo kufuneka ukuba kujongwane, njengoko kusenokubakho iliphawu izifo izintso okanye ezinye izigqeba.