Waves

Izenzakalo ezifana Amaza, ziphakathi ixhaphakileyo indalo nje ophilayo nezingaphiliyo. Yi iinkqubo vibrational ziquka ezo apho ezinye urhulumente ubuze inkqubo aphindaphindwe ngamathuba athile. Ukusuka esikolweni thina eziqhelekileyo sonke kunye amalinge kunye kuqala wagalela - yinto umzekelo inkqubo oscillation elula.

Ngakumbi nzima, kodwa akukho ngaphantsi zabantu kuthathelwa ingqalelo into efana ngumtshangatshangiso. uhlobo lwabo zahlukahlukene kakhulu, kwaye linganisani phezu mzekelo izenzo iziganeko ezininzi esingqongileyo. Eyona icace, ngoko ukuthetha, ukukukhanya, andise yayo ezahlukeneyo zosasazo - komoya, amanzi, lwepolitiki, imixube yemichiza.

Qonda inxulumene njani Amaza ezihambelanayo nje. Khawube nomfanekiso-ngqondweni uhlobo lwenkqubo oscillatory, kuqala efanayo ukwimeko ehlokomayo, uze Ungayihambisa, ngaphandle ukuyeka inkqubo oscillation, kwenye indawo, kwaye ufumana u'a 'mba ngumtshangatshangiso. Ngokufutshane, iliza ukuze kuchazwe inkqubo apho intlokoma azamazama ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye.

Umahluko ukusuka oscillation yomtshangatshangiso yendalo ingalandwa ngumzekelo vangama zabo zemathematika. Amaza olungumgubo ezahlukileyo enye kwenye, ichazwa ngale ndlela.

Ukuhla ngendlela elula luphawulwa parameters mali ka oscillations, oluqukuqelayo kunye nexesha umjikelo omnye oscillation. Formula uqhagamshelo ezi parameters na ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: f = 1 / T, apho n - inani oscillations kunye T - nexesha apho inkqubo oscillation lwenzeka. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, inkcazelo eneenkcukacha nangaphezulu isimo oscillatory usebenzisa Olukhetho olubhekisa phambili. Ngokomzekelo, xa sicinga ukuhla yohlobo elibujikele, kuya kuba inxalenye kuyimfuneko: isigaba (j) - ixabiso leyo ibonisa ukuba lingakanani kumahlandinyuka kuye kwenzeka ukususela ekuqaleni kwenkqubo, amaza emboxo (w), awo (A) ebonisa unxaxho eliphezulu inkqubo esuka isimo sokuqala. Ifomula yale nkqubo harmonic ngoko uba: j f = A j isono, okanye A = f / isono.

Ukuthathela ingqalelo ukuba Umahluko omkhulu factor ubusi yomtshangatshangiso, izenzo oscillation ilingane nexabiso, ekwimo yakhe kwecacileyo, isenzeko yomtshangatshangiso enokuthi ibonise ifomula ezifana: S = A · isono ω s (t - x / V), apho S - ubukhulu ukubana yomtshangatshangiso, v - Isantya ukufuduka (lencinibakazi Velocity), ω - frequency emboxo.

Inzululwazi ojongene isifundo lweenkqubo lokungcangcazela-yomtshangatshangiso, ngokuqhelekileyo uthathwa eyahlukileyo amaza mechanical kunye intlokoma kunye kagesi. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukwandiswa magnetic kwiindawo ezikhethekileyo, ebonakala kukuba andise amandla vibrational zidluliselwe amandla, ngaphandle kokuba kuthunyelwe iziyobisi (system) ukuba enze le oscillation. Kuqala kwinto zonke, njengoko kuboniswe apha isenokuba amasimi kakhulu ezimbini: umbane, umoya, amaza erediyo, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kwemitha.

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe, oscillations kunye namaza imfundiso baqatshelwa ngokwahlukileyo, kodwa oko akuthethi ukuzikhetha kwindalo kunye kubuchwepheshe eziye zadalwa ngumntu. Owona mzekelo omkhulu ngoko sebenzisa ukwenza iinkqubo lokungcangcazela-ngumtshangatshangiso in radar. Idangatya station uthumela wave uphawu oscillation kokuba rhoqo kwangaphambili ukuba into enambuzelayo kwixesha elinikiweyo. It ikwazile ukwenza le nto gagasi ngexesha elahlukileyo, kwaye kubonakala kwaye ifika kwisikhululo ukwamkelwa (umnqongo) - kuba lesithathu. Oko kukuthi, phakathi nencum kunye nesithembiso sayo ezikhandelwa ixesha lolwamkelo lekhefu, olwahlula intshukumo into isithuba. Ukwazi ixesha ukulibaziseka lencinibakazi kunye nomgama kunokuba ngokuchanekileyo kakhulu ukufumanisa isantya into ihamba kunye nendawo yayo. Ngaphezu koko, lo ezincinane ngamaza, indawo ethile iya kuba yechaneke ngaphezulu.

Xa ubuchwepheshe bale mihla Amaza luya kusetyenziswa kakhulu ngokubanzi. Zonke eyaziwa computer iprosesa nto yimbi ngaphandle inkqubo jinga apho kukho embalwa amakhulu ezigidi transistors akalenzanga imisebenzi ka Umzekelo vibrational xa computing binary notation. Isantya kweenkqubo jinga ezifana liphezulu kakhulu kwaye ulinganiswa gigahertz. idatha efana kungenziwa ifundwe nguye nawuphi na umsebenzisi, vula i "iKhompyutha Yam -. iimpawu kwinkqubo"