Yinkalo yokugqibela umhlaza: Iimpawu kunye nenkcazo

Oncology yenye iintlobo ezimbi kwezifo kunye kakhulu ngalo mzuzu. Umhlaza ngcono xa usaqala. Kodwa njengokuba isifo ikakhulu kuphuhliswa kungekho zimpawu abantu aqaqambe kufuna uncedo kwi inyathelo kakhulu. Inqanaba lokugqibela umhlaza luphawulwa kukuba bachache ngokupheleleyo kweli nqanaba cishe akunakwenzeka.

Abantu abaninzi bayoyika kangaka igama elithi "umhlaza," ukuba akazange unqwenela ukuhlola ulwazi malunga nesi sifo. Kuyinto ngokwesiseko engalunganga, kuba oko kunokukhokelela nemiphumo vuhlayiseki. Ukuze uphephe oku, kufuneka bangenele iimviwo zonyango rhoqo. Kwaye kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuba ukwazi ngoonobangela kunye iimpawu zesi sifo ngexesha bafune uncedo.

Yintoni umhlaza?

Kweli hlabathi lanamhlanje kukho intsomi yokuba somhlaza sisifo sele ugqibe ngeli xesha. Noko ke, oku akuyonyaniso. Sisihlandlo sokuqala kunye nenkcazelo iimpawu zomhlaza wenziwa malunga 1600 BC. e. Kukho kungenzeka ukuba isifo yenzeka ngaphambili, kodwa akukho isiqinisekiso kwalo.

ugqirha owaziwayo noHippocrates xa echaza esi sifo, wazisa igama elithi "carcinoma", nto leyo ithetha komtshiso oko ithumba. Ngaphandle, i Ithumba efana kakhulu enomzimba. Igama "umhlaza" sifo kwakungenxa ukufana ezibonwayo. Kwiminyaka elandelayo, oogqirha ezahlukeneyo esebenzise igama oncos. Ngoko kwabonakala igama elithi "Oncology".

Umhlaza - ithumba ukuvela ukususela kwiinwebu iiseli epithelial. Umhlaza ayikho isifo wentsholongwane egazini, kwaye Awunokosulelwa. Esi sifo ngamnye kakhulu, kwaye kufuneka bagadwe ngeliso elibukhali kuba impilo yabo ukuze siphephe imiphumo.

Uphawu kweqonga 4 somhlaza?

Oncology nqanaba yokugcina sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi kakhulu amabi, andingowasemzimbeni, nto leyo senziwa ngendlela ejikelezayo olungenakuthintelwa. Kwakhona kweli nqanaba, luphawulwa ukubonakala metastases, nto leyo ibe nefuthe elibi kakhulu kubo bonke abantu ebalulekileyo iiseli kunye namaziko.

Amaninzi, iqonga yokugqibela umhlaza leyo ezingahambi nayiphi na intlungu ethile. Kungenxa yoko, kukho ingxaki esisiseko womntu - kamva isibheno bezifo. Kweli nqanaba, mhlawumbi akubulali, unyango olukhulu akusekho kunokwenzeka, kwaye unyango yonke lujoliswe ekwandiseni ixesha lobomi yomguli nokugcina umgangatho wayo.

Iimpawu kweqonga 4 sifo

Njengoko sele sibonile, umntu akakwazi ukubona isifo neemvakalelo zabo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo, ngakumbi ukuba lwenzeka kwithuba elide. Iimpawu zesi sifo azikho baninzi kakhulu, kwaye le nto luphawu kweqonga yokugqibela umhlaza. Iimpawu zesi sifo zimi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• ukulahleka Ubunzima ezingahambi kwesizathu;
• ukungathandi ukutya, ukungabi namdla;
• ukudinwa, yobuthathaka;
• buhlungu;
• iindawo nkovu kalanga, yeyiphi okanye ukuvise intlungu.

Ubukho kwezi mpawu akuthethi akuthethi ukuba umntu iye yasungula umhlaza. Nakuba kunjalo, ukuba kukho ingxaki yempilo, kufuneka uqhagamshelane iingcali bathole axilongwe.

umhlaza wesibindi

Esi sifo iintlobo ezininzi, yaye omnye wabo kanye umhlaza wesibindi. Lubonakala yi ntuthuko yayo. Eso unyango ngokupheleleyo, ingakumbi kwi zigaba yamva, oko akwenzeki. Amaninzi, esi sifo ifumaneka amadoda imikhwa emibi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, aba bantu ungxamile ukubona ugqirha, yaye xa usiya ulwamkelo, kakhulu emva kwexesha.

Yinkalo yokugqibela umhlaza wesibindi liye landa mpawu:

• ezibalulekileyo okukhawulezayo komzimba;
• ubuthathaka, ukukhathala kakhulu;
• anaemia, sikhatshwa oksijini ngxaki;
• sokugaya imisebenzi izifo.

Unyango umhlaza wesibindi kukuqinisekisa ukuba kongeza imihla yesigulane, ngenxa yokuba nkqu ukutshintshwa umzimba zange ayeke uphuhliso sifo. Phantse onke amayeza iziphumo amahlwempu eli mzekelo, ke, zinceda ukuba lula isiphelo encinane nomonde.

umhlaza isisu

Esi sifo ithumba yakha kwisiqwenga zesisu. Esi sifo - omnye ethandwa kakhulu phakathi kwezinye Oncology. Inqanaba 4 umhlaza isisu luphawulwa amathuba amancinane kwakhona, kwakunye nqanaba yokugqibela umhlaza wesibindi. Iimpawu zomhlaza isisu ichanekile kakhulu:

• kabi ngisho iintlungu esiswini eliphezulu;
• ukugabha, isicaphucaphu, heartburn rhoqo;
• nangona isidlo elincinane, kukho imvakalelo lakuzaliseka iphecana zesisu;
• igazi kule isitulo, kungenxa lubandakanywe nezenzo ukopha lwangaphakathi.

Kumanqanaba okuqala zomhlaza inani esiswini izigulane abaye kophilisiweyo, kuba malunga ne-50%. Xa isigulane uya kugqirha, kunye isigaba 4 zesi sifo, amathuba okuphila ukuwa ngokukhawuleza esiya nexabiso 4-5%. Indlela sisebenzayo unyango lomhlaza esiswini na ichemotherapy kunye radiation therapy.

wobuchopho

Esi sifo eyahlukileyo kwezinye izifo kolu hlobo. Isibakala sokuba wobuchopho saa kwaye ziphuhliswa ngaphakathi kwemida luvo. Le yenye yeentlobo zazenziwe somhlaza, nto leyo ifumaneka kuphela 1.5% kuzo zonke iimeko. Esi sifo izigaba ezintlanu, kodwa ukubona kuthetha obulalayo. Ngoko ke, eli nqanaba 4 ithathwa ukuba wokugqibela.

Indawo yoBuyiselo-akwenzeki, kuphela-20% amatyala ukulawula ukwandisa ubomi isigulane okwethutyana. Ukuvela ukuyilwa metastases kuwuvule sifo kwaye kukhetha konke amathuba zohlangulo. Yinkalo yokugqibela komhlaza kobuchopho ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• ekuncipheni uvakalelo;
• sokunciphisa memory kancane;
• ukuba nemibono;
• ukungase-;
• umbono kahle, intetho kunye nokulungelelaniswa;
• nokukhubazeka.

Unyango kuliwa, kodwa kujongwe ikakhulu ekudambiseni kuphela ukubandezeleka umguli. Inqanaba lokugqibela umhlaza ingqondo luphawulwa into yokuba umguli, oogqirha bayanyanzelwa ukuba amachiza esinamandla kuphele iintlungu.

Radiation kunye chemotherapy ngokusebenzisana kakhulu ngempumelelo. Noko ke, ukuba ungenelelo kunokwenzeka zotyando, ezizezi msebenzi iya kuba sisisombululo ilungileyo. Kodwa ke ngelishwa, kwiimeko ezininzi, nethumba esingasebenziyo, kwaye kufuneka ukuba ukusebenzisa ezinye iindlela.

umhlaza wemiphunga

Esi sifo ithumba ukuvela xa kwiinwebu emiphungeni. Olu hlobo lwesifo iphawulwa ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza kakhulu ngoku nethumba. Kakhulu iingxaki ezinkulu kuvela xa nqanaba yokugqibela umhlaza wemiphunga. Zingaphi bahlala kuloo meko? Ngelishwa, encinane kakhulu. Ngokuxhomekeka kubungakanani ithumba, iminyaka yobomi isusela ukusuka kwiminyaka 1 ukuya ku-3.

Eqongeni yesi-4 sifo nethumba iqala ikhule entliziyweni, kwakunye ulwelo livela. Iimpawu zomhlaza zithiwe thaca apha ngasezantsi:

• ukukhohlela ngaphandle kwesizathu;
• ukubonakala kwegazi ukhohlokhohlo;
• ukuphelelwa umoya;
• iintlungu esifubeni.

Iimpawu ngokufa ezayo ye-Oncology ogulayo

umhlaza yesiphelo ithathwa abanobubi, ngenxa yokuba phantse nokuba uyabulala. Xa isigulane kufutshane ekufeni, utshintsho kwakhe ambalwa zenzeke.

1. Ukwehla ekudleni. Ekungaphumelelini isidlo uphawu yokuqala kukuvela sigaba thermal. Kweli nqanaba, kungcono ukuba isigulana uzive ezolileyo kwaye ngenxa yokuba kwakufuneka inkxaso nabantu ababathandayo.
2. Nako ku ukuphefumla. Xa isigulane ngexesha ukuphefumla na ezinengxolo, libonisa imbonakalo ulwelo ngaphakathi emzimbeni. Isigulane kuba nzima ukuphefumla, kwaye ukuphelisa ukubandezeleka koogqirha thembisa ingxowa-oksijini.
3. icala Psychological. Ngokuqhelekileyo, isigulana uvakalelwa indlela yokufa kwakhe, baba okuso kukutyeba. Olalayo phantse lonke ixesha, yena akafuni nabani ukuya ku qha. Kwinqanaba lokugqibela inkxaso ingqalelo close Unganciphisa kakhulu ukubandezeleka umguli.