Yintoni alternating current?

Malunga iintlobo yangoku yombane bonke ukuthetha nkqu izifundo physics esikolweni. Kuba abathile, ezi ulwazi yeengcingane kuphela, ukukhuthaza ukuqonda komyalelo yehlabathi, ngoxa abanye khetha elithile, ezinxulumene ngqo amandla. Enoba oku, wonke umntu uyazi ukuba kukho ngoku ngqo kunye alternating. kube lula Owesibini esisetyenziswa ngokubanzi zombane lobeko kwalo kutshintsho kunye Motors rhoqo yayo ilula kwaye athembekile.

Alternating current - intshukumo amasuntswana icala nge ngumqhubi, leyo ngamakhefu kwixesha elithile (periods) laguquka kwicala kunye nokubaluleka. Iliza odumileyo sine ubonisa nje ukuziphatha kwakhe. Ukuze siqonde imvelaphi ifildi ngoku, cinga siseko ifowuni elula yokwenza. Oku kusekelwe isenzeko yoqheliso magnetic, ekukho kwinkangeleko zangoku kwi loop conductive closed leyo yekhampasi imigca amandla ngemagnethi.

Kwi axis, phakathi izibonda ezimbini umazibuthe (ngasentla nangasezantsi) ibekwa isakhelo ngezixhobo conductive (ucingo lobhedu). injongo yawo esebenzisa sliding abafowunelwa balo matshinana ibhrashi ukuba udityanisiwe kwi sekethe umthwalo okanye isixhobo sokulinganisa ombane. Le Isakhelo jikeleza kuyi- axis, efumanekayo. Phakathi izibonda umazibuthe kukho imigca ezingabonakaliyo zibuthe. Xa isakhelo esijikeleziswa, emacaleni aso omabini ukuwela umgca, okutsho ukuba ifildi yangoku. Isizathu sokuba livela kubangwa 'enkqonkqoza phandle' lo mhlaba otsalayo ye zisuke electron kude ukusuka ngumongo. Nangona kwicala le EMF (amandla electromotive) kumacandelo amabini umnqamlezo yesakhelo zisoloko esahlukileyo, ukuba ukhangela chain xa iyonke, kuye kucace ukuba oluthambileyo. EMF ufikelela ubuninzi ngalo mzuzu yonqumlo iilayini ezithe nkqo inguwo kungenela singenelayo zero kwindawo ethe tyaba iindawo indawo izakhelo (ukhumbule sinusoid, kuba kwakhona ngamaxesha iwela njengexabiso elingunothi). Loo nto ilula kakhulu.

Kakade ke, ngabavelisi yokwenene, odala ifildi lwangoku, inzima ngaphezu kukwisakhelo ucingo, kodwa umgaqo yokusebenza yabo iyafana. Anchor kunye engathi (eneneni - ezininzi kuThixo lezakhelo of reference) lijikeleza kwi lo mhlaba otsalayo le stator amandla zangaphandle: oku kunokuba amandla wamanzi bhanyalaza; movement umphunga eyenziwe ubushushu le reactor yenyukliya; uxinzelelo umoya, njalo njalo. Le ombane ngenxa livela kwi iiclamps jiko. Kuhleli uqhagamshele umthwalo kunye AC akazange athathe ixesha elide. Ngokuqhelekileyo eyenziwe akukho namnye, kodwa izigaba ezithathu.

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, ukongeza bume, kwaye kukho current rhoqo. igama layo isho: Akukho tshintsho bejonge intshukumo lungenzeki. Le yangoku usoloko wawusalathiswa plus ku thabatha. Imithombo yamandla zasesekondari, ezifana neebhetri, ngokusebenzisa ekudibaneni kwemichiza yande kukodwa ngoku, yiyo le notation enjalo "+" yaye "-". Xa kuthelekiswa ne variable, isiphathele eziliqela iimpawu. Ndifuna ukuthetha "amandla kunye nobuthathaka", kodwa ayikho - lelona "awohluke". Umzekelo, i-injini DC yenza kube lula ukuba ulungise kakuhle umhlaba ubucotha ukujikele- le armature, kwaye stepwise, ingakumbi converters rhoqo aziqeshe entsonkothileyo ngokungeyomfuneko. Ngaphezu koko, phantse zonke iisekethe zekhompyutha lweenkqubo luyilwe ukusebenza ngale hlobo kwamandla, njengoko lula ukuzilawula. Fumana current ngqo kwi-AC ilula kakhulu - kuyimfuneko ukuba 'kuzityeneneza "amacandelo semiconductor ekhethekileyo (ilight kunye iibhulorho diode). Oku kwenzeka benga iincopho sinusoid kumathuba isiqingatha ezimbini. Esiseleyo eliguquguqukayo uhlobo kwisiphumo se yangoku nako ingaphazamiseki.