Yintoni depressurization lo moya?

Kwanabo uwazi kakuhle imithetho zemvelo baqonde ukuba njani na ukuba igoqo metal phezulu emoyeni, ngamanye amaxesha ndizive ukucinga angakhululeki zibhabha ukuba phakathi kwabo kunye nzima kwibala-10 km. Yintoni ukuba bathethe townsfolk eqhelekileyo? abakhweli eziqhelekileyo bayathuka namazwi 'depressurization ye ndlwana moya ", kungekhona kakhulu ukuqonda ukuba yintoni na nento usongela.

in flight

AbaGxeki joke kufuneka ukuba kubekho ukumoyika moya, ngenxa yokuba ngamnye kubo ngendlela enye okanye omnye emva emhlabeni. Ukuba ucinga ngayo, kuphela daredevils lithemba ungafumana ngokuzithandela kwi kubume ethe, ezinyuka ziye ayi 10-14 ngaphezu komhlaba-langa, ukuze babanikele ukuya khona. Enyanisweni, bonisa amanani ukuba bafe ngexesha intsabo - kwakungelula.

Ewe, le nto inokwenzeka into engaqhelekanga. Kunjalo, iinqanawa mihla kunye nabaqhubi bazo balungiselelwe ngokwaneleyo kaxakeka ezininzi, nto leyo ngaphambili kwakhokelela iintlekele kunye amaxhoba amaninzi, kwaye ngoku ibhaxa nje ukwenza i ebikhona. Zonke iinkqubo esizisebenzelayo ziyaphindwa, eyona kuphela into zabantu. Ukuba sikhatyiwe izixhobo, ngokufuthi yabaqhubi abanamava lisenako ukuthintela inkathazo okanye ukunciphisa impembelelo yayo. Ukanti ngamanye amaxesha engxakini ukuthintelwa. Kwenzeka ntoni xa depressurization-moya? Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba sisinde kule noko ukwenza ntoni?

depressurization-moya

Lisendaweni kweemitha 10,000 xi ungaphantsi kakhulu kunokuba kumphezulu komhlaba. Kodwa kukho iqatsela kakhulu, hayi oksijini yaneleyo yokusebenza komzimba womntu. Akubuzwa ukuba ingcamango umngxuma eluswini unokude ukugxotha kakhulu abanamava kwaye kwehlise abakhweli? cinema Modern bazisa ingqiqo ukuncama ukuzonwabisa, naphakathi kwabantu abaqhelekileyo banengcinga yokuba nkqu umngxuma omncinane iqokobhe-moya, hayi ebonelelwe yi ekwakhiweni kwayo, ngokuyimfuneko kukhokelela ekufeni bonke abo ebhodini. Enyanisweni, yonke into kanye eyahlukileyo - Kakade, umonakalo isikhumba akukho sezandleni kwimeko yesiqhelo ngokupheleleyo, kodwa ukuluphatha njenge ntlekele optional ngokupheleleyo. Imbali uyazi amatyala amaninzi xa nokuba ngobulungisa yanomngxuma omkhulu kwi igobhogobho ingabi ingumqobo uhambo owenza epheleleyo. Ngoko ke, kuyanceda ukuqonda ukuba lithetha ukuthini ibinzana elithi 'depressurization lo moya, "yaye oko kuthetha ngayo oko.

izizathu

Xa kwacaca ukuba depressurization enjalo ndlwana, kufuneka ucinge, ngokunxulumene apho kunokuthi kwenzeke. Kwimeko eziqhelekileyo, njengoko sele kucaca, le nqanawa le itywiniweyo, izixhobo kunye neenkqubo zokuxhasa ubomi noziqulathe-ngokwakhe, ukuze abakhweli bazive ngaphezulu okanye bekhululekile ngaphantsi. Noko ke, maxa wambi imeko yaphulwe. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba zombini ngaphakathi nangaphandle:

• umba yabantu - abakhweli okanye izenzo crew ezakhokelela umonakalo yesikhumba;
• iziphene mveliso - amalungu sinesiphene, ulwaphulo kobugcisa ibandla, etc;..
• umonakalo ngu izinto zangaphandle - breaking ngabomi okanye ngempazamo ngesakhiwo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ukusuka ngaphandle;
• imeko kaxakeka - iimeko umthwalo kwi moya iphantsi apho ngaphezu zokuhlala.

Kwaye ngoko ke meko, kuxhomekeke kwenzeka ntoni, ukuze aphuhlise ngendlela eyahlukileyo.

Kuqhubeka ntoni?

Depressurization lo moya undizela ngaphezu zonke iintlobo zezidalwa ezisemngciphekweni abakhweli anoxia kwaye babizwa ngokuba wahlaba, okanye isifo decompression. Ngokwahlukileyo koko movies intlekele ezininzi, ukuba ngaphakathi airliner ikho sisengozini aphoswe ngaphandle ngaphandle, ngaphandle kokuba zibambene nayo ngokungqinelana nemiyalelo izisebenzi, umngxuma omkhulu ayikho kwingingqi zabo.

Ebomini, benza inqwelo-moya encinane kakhulu eluswini, ukwenzakala uyakwazi ukugcina ingqibelelo yonke isakhiwo, kangangokuba xa kwakungekho decompression neziqhushumbisi nangoko kwalimala abantu ekhokelela hypoxia ngokukhawuleza, le meko kubizwa ngokuba kakuhle elawulwa. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo - ixesha uqaphele ukuhla xi ukuhla kwinqanaba ioksijini ukwenzela ukuthintela ukulahleka isenesazela bonke embindini kunye, ngokufanelekileyo, ilahleko iyonke yolawulo kunye.

imiphumela

Ukuba akukho moya depressurization asebenze lemizuzwana yokuqala yokwenzakala emzimbeni, oko akuthethi ukuba akukho ngozi. Ukuba ngaba uthathe inyathelo, bonke abakhweli kunye nabasebenzi nangoku sisongelwa ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• kubushushu obuphantsi - kunokubangela frostbite, supercooling jikelele, ukufa;
• bend - ukwenzakala nemithambo ngenxa uxinzelelo drop rapid;
• yehla hypoxia - mali zaneleyo oksijini emoyeni;

Njani le depressurization-moya, ngokuxhomekeka zonke kwenzeke njani, kwaye kubasebenzi nabantu. Flight sinokuzaliswa ngokukhuselekileyo ngaphandle naziphi na iziphumo ezibi, kwaye yintlekele, kwanokuba kolusu baba engephi. Ngethamsanqa, njengokuba umthetho, yonke iphela kakuhle.

amanyathelo okhuseleko

Not indima mncinane koko iphela depressurization-moya, edlalwa, njani ngenyameko kuqhutywa imisebenzi pre-ukubhabha zombini moya kunye nabasebenzi bayo. Idlala indima ebalulekileyo uluhlu olubanzi ngokufanelekileyo zinto: zokusebenza ezichanekileyo, wacinga-kakuhle uyilo, inkonzo ngexesha, uhlolo rhoqo, etc ...

moya Modern zixhotyiswe nge inani elikhulu nakwinkqubo rhoqo iliso imeko-moya ngexesha moya. Phambi amava efanelekileyo pilot kwesaziso iingxaki ezincinane uze uthabathe amanyathelo ayimfuneko ukuthintela emibi. Kodwa yintoni Okubaluleke kakhulu, ziya kwenziwa kwi imizuzwana embalwa yokuqala xa iinguqu ngesiquphe yaye kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko, nayiphi inqwelomoya mihla exhotyiswe iimaski ioksijini ekhethekileyo ngokuzenzekelayo betekisi phezu nezitulo kukho decompression likaxakeka. Zabo sisi yomsebenzi ukubonisa ekuqaleni moya nganye ngexesha ibali malunga nokhuseleko. Kodwa loo nto bonke.

izenzo crew

Le ngxaki kakhulu kunye depressurization okukhawulezayo kukho ukunqongophala nokoyika ioksijini, nto leyo eyenza ukuphefumla ophilisayo, kunye nentloko - yokujikeleza hypoxia ahlekise. Emva kwemizuzwana embalwa umntu ulahlekelwa ezingqondweni, yaye emva kwethutyana uqale inkqubo vuhlayiseki ukufa iiseli zengqondo, ngoko kunyanzelekile ukuba izenzo ezichanekileyo athathwa ngayo kuloo maxesha kuqala.

Ukufumana isikhumba lingonakali, nabaqhubi kufuneka kweli xesha lifutshane kangangoko ukuba behle beze nomphakamo ekhuselekileyo yeekhilomitha 3-4. Kweli nqanaba ioksijini yanele ukuba isekele ubomi kunye nokusebenza ngokwentelekiso eqhelekileyo kumzimba yabantu.

Xa imeko sele yazinza, kuyimfuneko ukuhlola imeko ze athathe isigqibo malunga ebikhona-moya ekufutshane. Depressurization-moya - isizathu ukumisa moya kuba akukho siqinisekiso sokuba intshabalalo iya kuqhubeka.

izenzo abakhweli

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba baziphathe njani abantu abaqhelekileyo bejamelene decompression. Okokuqala, kufuneka uhlale uzolile kwaye hayi ukuba ukuphakama ukwesaba kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Okwesibini, kufuneka ukuba baphulaphule ngenyameko imiyalelo abasebenzi nizenze. Ukuba phezulu yawa iimaski ioksijini kufuneka ngoko nangoko uwafake nokunceda abanye, xa kukho imfuneko. Ukongeza, ngexesha esemoyeni ukuba abe eqiniselweendlwini, ngoxa esitulweni ukuba kunisindisa kukwenzakala kakhulu njengoko zamayo kwaye ngethuba le decompression Uyadubula.

amatyala eziphawulekayo

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba depressurization-moya - imeko yexesha likaxakeka, yenzeka kaninzi, kodwa phantse lonke ngaphandle imiphumo ebuhlungu. Noko ke, izinto azisoloko iphele ngokonwaba.

• Ngo-2011, xa emantla moya kwi eyayisuka eFinikisi Sacramento, umngxuma malunga 1.5 ubukhulu leemitha. Wesampula bekholosile, kungabikho bani buhlungu.
• Ngowe-2005, kumantla eAthens, eGrisi ngenxa depressurization chu-moya ezilahlekileyo ukulawula yaya entabeni. Ngelo xesha wababulala abantu 121, kuquka amalungu yabasebenzi amathandathu.
• Ngowe-1988, ngo-moya luphaphazela phezu zeHawaii Islands, kwakukho depressurization lophanyazo, ngenxa apho elinye ilungu qela ngxwelerha. Nangona umonakalo omkhulu kunye nokonakaliswa ngesakhiwo eluswini, inqanawa ifike ngokukhuselekileyo.
• Ngowe-2015, imizuzu engama-20 ngaphambi kokufika moya ikomkhulu likaThixo, moya depressurization yenzekile "Samara - Moscow". Akukho bani buhlungu.

Ngokucacileyo, decompression ngokwayo nto eyoyikisayo kangaka. Konke kuxhomekeke kumanyathelo afanelekileyo labantu, kodwa, njengesiqhelo. Ngoko ke musa ngoyaba imiyalelo abasebenzi, ingakumbi xa bacela ukuba banxibe ngexesha esemoyeni ukuya esitulweni.